Marriage Motherhood And Wages

Author : Sanders Korenman
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 50 pages
Book Rating : 4.55/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Marriage, Motherhood, and Wages written by Sanders Korenman and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We explore several problems in drawing causal inferences from cross-sectional relationships between marriage, motherhood, and wages. We find that heterogeneity leads to biased estimates of the "direct" effects of marriage and motherhood on wages (i.e., effects net of experience and tenure); first-difference estimates reveal no direct effect of marriage or motherhood on women's wages. We also find statistical evidence that experience and tenure nay be endogenous variables in wage equations; IV estimates suggest that both OLS cross-sectional and first-difference estimates understate the direct (negative) effect of children on wages.

Author : Daphne Spain
Publisher : Russell Sage Foundation
ISBN 13 : 1610445112
Total Pages : 257 pages
Book Rating : 4.15/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Balancing Act written by Daphne Spain and published by Russell Sage Foundation. This book was released on 1996-06-26 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "A wonderful compendium of everything you always wanted to know about trends in women's roles—both in and out of the home. It is a balanced and data-rich assessment of how far women have come and how far they still have to go. "—Isabelle Sawhill, Urban Institute "Based primarily on the 1990 population census, Balancing Act reports on the current situation of American women and temporal and cross-national comparisons. Meticulously and clearly presented, the information in this book highlights changing behaviors, such as the growing incidence of childbearing to older women, and unmarried women in general, and a higher ratio of women's earnings to men's. The authors' thoughtful analysis of these and other factors involved in women's fin de siècle 'balancing act' make this an indispensable reference book and valuable classroom resource." —Louise A. Tilly, Michael E. Gellert Professor of History and Sociology, The New School for Social Research In Balancing Act, authors Daphne Spain and Suzanne Bianchi draw upon multiple census and survey sources to detail the shifting conditions under which women manage their roles as mothers, wives, and breadwinners. They chronicle the progress made in education—where female college enrollment now exceeds that of males—and the workforce, where women have entered a wider variety of occupations and are staying on the job longer, even after becoming wives and mothers. But despite progress, lower-paying service and clerical positions remain predominantly female, and although the salary gap between men and women has shrunk, women are still paid less. As women continue to establish a greater presence outside the home, many have delayed marriage and motherhood. Marked jumps in divorce and out-of-wedlock childbirth have given rise to significant numbers of female-headed households. Married women who work contribute more significantly than ever to the financial well-being of their families, yet evidence shows that they continue to perform most household chores. Balancing Act focuses on how American women juggle the simultaneous demands of caregiving and wage earning, and compares their options to those of women in other countries. The United States is the only industrialized nation without policies to support working mothers and their families—most tellingly in the absence of subsidized childcare services. Many women are forced to work in less rewarding part-time or traditionally female jobs that allow easy exit and re-entry, and as a consequence poverty is the single greatest danger facing American women. As the authors show, the risk of poverty varies significantly by race and ethnicity, with African Americans—most of whose children live in mother-only families—the most adversely affected. This volume contributes to the national dialogue about family policy, welfare reform, and responsibility for children by highlighting the pivotal roles women play at the intersection of family and work.

Author : Marie Drolet
Publisher : Analytical Studies Branch, Statistics Canada
ISBN 13 : 9780662316350
Total Pages : 25 pages
Book Rating : 4.55/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Wives, Mothers and Wages [electronic Resource] : Does Timing Matter? written by Marie Drolet and published by Analytical Studies Branch, Statistics Canada. This book was released on 2002 with total page 25 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Author : Richard A. Easterlin
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 0226180328
Total Pages : 240 pages
Book Rating : 4.28/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Birth and Fortune written by Richard A. Easterlin and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 1987-04-15 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this influential work, Richard A. Easterlin shows how the size of a generation—the number of persons born in a particular year—directly and indirectly affects the personal welfare of its members, the make-up and breakdown of the family, and the general well being of the economy. "[Easterlin] has made clear, I think unambiguously, that the baby-boom generation is economically underprivileged merely because of its size. And in showing this, he demonstrates that population size can be as restrictive as a factor as sex, race, or class on equality of opportunity in the U.S."—Jeffrey Madrick, Business Week

Author : David H. Demo
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN 13 : 9780195120387
Total Pages : 460 pages
Book Rating : 4.88/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Handbook of Family Diversity written by David H. Demo and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2000 with total page 460 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The Handbook of Family Diversity" fills this gap in scholarship by providing a comprehensive discussion of several key dimensions where families differ: race, socioeconomic status, family structure, sexual orientation, and gender. It is designed to inform and broaden the debate among students, family scholars, practitioners, and policymakers as to what constitutes a family and how families should function. Featuring commissioned chapters by prominent scholars from a variety of fields, The Handbook of Family Diversity discusses different types of families from widely varying social and economic backgrounds. These authoritative yet highly readable essays discuss important public policy issues pertaining to family diversity and describe the everyday realities of family interactions--the tensions and dynamics of intimacy, support, control, communication, and conflict. Multiple disciplinary, theoretical, and methodological perspectives are presented throughout the volume, providing evidence that there is no unified or monolithic perspective on families. Emphasizing the most current and cutting edge knowledge on family diversity, "The Handbook of Family Diversity" sets a new standard for research in this important and vital area of study.

Author : Rebecca Solnit
Publisher : Haymarket Books
ISBN 13 : 1608467201
Total Pages : 141 pages
Book Rating : 4.04/5 ( download)

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Download or read book The Mother of All Questions written by Rebecca Solnit and published by Haymarket Books. This book was released on 2017-02-12 with total page 141 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A collection of feminist essays steeped in “Solnit’s unapologetically observant and truth-speaking voice on toxic, violent masculinity” (The Los Angeles Review). In a timely and incisive follow-up to her national bestseller Men Explain Things to Me, Rebecca Solnit offers sharp commentary on women who refuse to be silenced, misogynistic violence, the fragile masculinity of the literary canon, the gender binary, the recent history of rape jokes, and much more. In characteristic style, “Solnit draw[s] anecdotes of female indignity or male aggression from history, social media, literature, popular culture, and the news . . . The main essay in the book is about the various ways that women are silenced, and Solnit focuses upon the power of storytelling—the way that who gets to speak, and about what, shapes how a society understands itself and what it expects from its members. The Mother of All Questions poses the thesis that telling women’s stories to the world will change the way that the world treats women, and it sets out to tell as many of those stories as possible” (The New Yorker). “There’s a new feminist revolution—open to people of all genders—brewing right now and Rebecca Solnit is one of its most powerful, not to mention beguiling, voices.”—Barbara Ehrenreich, New York Times–bestselling author of Natural Causes “Short, incisive essays that pack a powerful punch.” —Publishers Weekly “A keen and timely commentary on gender and feminism. Solnit’s voice is calm, clear, and unapologetic; each essay balances a warm wit with confident, thoughtful analysis, resulting in a collection that is as enjoyable and accessible as it is incisive.” —Booklist

Author : Julie L. Hotchkiss
Publisher : DIANE Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1437933998
Total Pages : 32 pages
Book Rating : 4.94/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Assessing the Impact of Education and Marriage on Labor Market Exit Decisions of Women written by Julie L. Hotchkiss and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2010-11 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Author : Robert H. Haveman
Publisher : American Enterprise Institute
ISBN 13 : 9780844770765
Total Pages : 68 pages
Book Rating : 4.60/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Earnings Inequality written by Robert H. Haveman and published by American Enterprise Institute. This book was released on 1996 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Analyses changes in men's earnings from the mid-1970s to 1991.

Author : Kathryn Edin
Publisher : Russell Sage Foundation
ISBN 13 : 1610441753
Total Pages : 338 pages
Book Rating : 4.59/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Making Ends Meet written by Kathryn Edin and published by Russell Sage Foundation. This book was released on 1997-04-17 with total page 338 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Welfare mothers are popularly viewed as passively dependent on their checks and averse to work. Reformers across the political spectrum advocate moving these women off the welfare rolls and into the labor force as the solution to their problems. Making Ends Meet offers dramatic evidence toward a different conclusion: In the present labor market, unskilled single mothers who hold jobs are frequently worse off than those on welfare, and neither welfare nor low-wage employment alone will support a family at subsistence levels. Kathryn Edin and Laura Lein interviewed nearly four hundred welfare and low-income single mothers from cities in Massachusetts, Texas, Illinois, and South Carolina over a six year period. They learned the reality of these mothers' struggles to provide for their families: where their money comes from, what they spend it on, how they cope with their children's needs, and what hardships they suffer. Edin and Lein's careful budgetary analyses reveal that even a full range of welfare benefits—AFDC payments, food stamps, Medicaid, and housing subsidies—typically meet only three-fifths of a family's needs, and that funds for adequate food, clothing and other necessities are often lacking. Leaving welfare for work offers little hope for improvement, and in many cases threatens even greater hardship. Jobs for unskilled and semi-skilled women provide meager salaries, irregular or uncertain hours, frequent layoffs, and no promise of advancement. Mothers who work not only assume extra child care, medical, and transportation expenses but are also deprived of many of the housing and educational subsidies available to those on welfare. Regardless of whether they are on welfare or employed, virtually all these single mothers need to supplement their income with menial, off-the-books work and intermittent contributions from family, live-in boyfriends, their children's fathers, and local charities. In doing so, they pay a heavy price. Welfare mothers must work covertly to avoid losing benefits, while working mothers are forced to sacrifice even more time with their children. Making Ends Meet demonstrates compellingly why the choice between welfare and work is more complex and risky than is commonly recognized by politicians, the media, or the public. Almost all the welfare-reliant women interviewed by Edin and Lein made repeated efforts to leave welfare for work, only to be forced to return when they lost their jobs, a child became ill, or they could not cover their bills with their wages. Mothers who managed more stable employment usually benefited from a variety of mitigating circumstances such as having a relative willing to watch their children for free, regular child support payments, or very low housing, medical, or commuting costs. With first hand accounts and detailed financial data, Making Ends Meet tells the real story of the challenges, hardships, and survival strategies of America's poorest families. If this country's efforts to improve the self-sufficiency of female-headed families is to succeed, reformers will need to move beyond the myths of welfare dependency and deal with the hard realities of an unrewarding American labor market, the lack of affordable health insurance and child care for single mothers who work, and the true cost of subsistence living. Making Ends Meet is a realistic look at a world that so many would change and so few understand.

Author : Charlotte Perkins Gilman
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1351520539
Total Pages : 118 pages
Book Rating : 4.39/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Families, Marriages, and Children written by Charlotte Perkins Gilman and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-09-08 with total page 118 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Charlotte Perkins Gilman (1860-1935) was a pioneering sociologist, feminist pragmatist, author, and lecturer. A skilled and perceptive writer, she explained sociological concepts and principles clearly and concisely to popular audiences. This volume presents a focused and provocative set of Gilman's penetrating analyses of marriage, motherhood, and family relationships. Generally unavailable, except in archives and special libraries, the lion's share of the analyses are drawn directly from Gilman's quintessentially unique self-published journal, The Forerunner. Transcending her era, Gilman speaks with wit, insight, and candor to twenty-first century readers about many controversial aspects of family and family life. She believes deeply that women's values-regeneration, cooperation, and compassion-make for better societies. Men's values, she concludes, are destructive, competitive, and often violent. Families produce double standards and inequalities between husbands and wives, resulting in inferior mothers and, as a direct consequence, in substandard children. To improve society, Gilman argues, we need healthy, happy children. This requires well-trained, competent mothers, widespread social parenting, and enlightened, non-patriarchal marriages. Largely self-taught, Gilman supported herself through writing and lecturing. She was at one time a settlement house leader and an active member of the American Sociological Society. Her wide sociological circle included lasting friendships with Jane Addams, Edward A. Ross, and Lester F. Ward.