Low Temperature And Cryogenic Steels

Author : T. Horiuchi
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1461337305
Total Pages : 384 pages
Book Rating : 4.00/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Austenitic Steels at Low Temperatures written by T. Horiuchi and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The need for alternate energy sources has led to the develop ment of prototype fusion and MHD reactors. Both possible energy systems in current designs usually require the use of magnetic fields for plasma confinement and concentration. For the creation and maintenance of large 5 to 15 tesla magnetic fields, supercon ducting magnets appear more economical. But the high magnetic fields create large forces, and the complexities of the conceptual reactors create severe space restrictions. The combination of re quirements, plus the desire to keep construction costs at a mini mum, has created a need for stronger structural alloys for service at liquid helium temperature (4 K). The complexity of the required structures requires that these alloys be weldable. Furthermore, since the plasma is influenced by magnetic fields and since magnet ic forces from the use of ferromagnetic materials in many configur ations may be additive, the best structural alloy for most applica tions should be nonmagnetic. These requirements have led to consideration of higher strength austenitic steels. Strength increases at low temperatures are achieved by the addition of nitrogen. The stability of the austenitic structure is retained by adding manganese instead of nickel, which is more expensive. Research to develop these higher strength austenitic steels is in process, primarily in Japan and the United States.

Author : United States Steel Corporation
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 200 pages
Book Rating : 4.73/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Low Temperature and Cryogenic Steels written by United States Steel Corporation and published by . This book was released on 1966 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Author : Balzej T. Skoczen
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3662063050
Total Pages : 303 pages
Book Rating : 4.57/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Compensation Systems for Low Temperature Applications written by Balzej T. Skoczen and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 303 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The present monograph is mainly focused on the behaviour of ductile ma terials at cryogenic temperatures, stability issues concerning application of corrugated shells at cryogenic conditions and reliability oriented parametric optimisation of compensation systems containing the corrugated bellows. As there are relatively few publications on combined material and structural be haviour at very low temperatures, the monograph aims at filling this gap. It is worth pointing out that within the class of publications dedicated to low temperature behaviour of materials and structures the majority is based on testing down to the temperature of liquid nitrogen (77 K). Rare publications deal with the analysis of material and structural response at the temperature of liquid helium (4. 5 K) or superfluid helium (below the point T>. , = 2. 17 K). This can be explained by the fact that an (by its nature complex) installation for testing at such low temperatures is very expensive. Only the large research centres and universities, working in the domain of superconductivity, cryogen ics or developing superconducting magnets for particle accelerators, can afford such installations. A significant part of the present monograph is dedicated to the analy sis of the phenomena associated with plastic yielding in stainless steels at cryogenic temperatures. Generally, three phenomena are distinguished: plas tic strain induced phase transformations, serrated yielding and evolution of ductile damage.

Author : Richard Palmer Reed
Publisher : ASM International(OH)
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 618 pages
Book Rating : 4.75/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Materials at Low Temperatures written by Richard Palmer Reed and published by ASM International(OH). This book was released on 1983 with total page 618 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Author : United States Steel
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.29/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Low Temperature and Cryogenic Steels written by United States Steel and published by . This book was released on 1966 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Author : United States Steel Corporation
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 191 pages
Book Rating : 4.87/5 ( download)

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Download or read book USS Low Temperature and Cryogenic Steels written by United States Steel Corporation and published by . This book was released on 1968 with total page 191 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Author : Ralph Michael McClintock
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 202 pages
Book Rating : 4.06/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Mechanical Properties of Structural Materials at Low Temperatures written by Ralph Michael McClintock and published by . This book was released on 1960 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Author : Thomas W. Orange
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 20 pages
Book Rating : 4.27/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Evaluation of Special 301-type Stainless Steel for Improved Low-temperature Notch Toughness of Cryoformed Pressure Vessels written by Thomas W. Orange and published by . This book was released on 1966 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Author : D. Wigley
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1468418874
Total Pages : 338 pages
Book Rating : 4.73/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Mechanical Properties of Materials at Low Temperatures written by D. Wigley and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 338 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In writing this monograph, the aim has been to consider the mechanical properties of the wide range of materials now available in such a way as to start with the fundamental nature of these properties and to follow the discussion through to the point at which the reader is able to comprehend the significance or otherwise of the large amounts of data now available in design manuals and other compilations. In short, it is hoped that this volume will be used as a companion to these data compilations and as an aid to their interpretation. In attempting to cover such a wide field, a large degree of selection has been necessary, as complete volumes have been written on topics which here have had to be covered in a few pages or less. It is inevitable that not everyone will agree with the choice made, especially if it is his own subject which has been discussed rather briefly, and the author accepts full res ponsibility for the selection made. The book is written at a level which should be easily followed by a university graduate in science or engineer ing, although, if his background has not included a course in materials science, some groundwork may be lacking.

Author : Zoia Duriagina
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN 13 : 1789853699
Total Pages : 160 pages
Book Rating : 4.98/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Stainless Steels and Alloys written by Zoia Duriagina and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2019-02-13 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Materials science is the magic that allows us to change the chemical composition and microstructure of material to regulate its corrosion-mechanical, technological, and functional properties. Five major classes of stainless steels are widely used: ferritic, austenitic, martensitic, duplex, and precipitation hardening. Austenitic stainless steels are extensively used for service down to as low as the temperature of liquid helium (-269oC). This is largely due to the lack of a clearly defined transition from ductile to brittle fracture in impact toughness testing. Steels with ferritic or martensitic structures show a sudden change from ductile (safe) to brittle (unsafe) fracture over a small temperature difference. Even the best of these steels shows this behavior at temperatures higher than -100oC and in many cases only just below zero. Various types of stainless steel are used across the whole temperature range from ambient to 1100oC. This book will be useful to scientists, engineers, masters, graduate students, and students. I hope readers will enjoy this book and that it will serve to create new materials with unique properties.