Early Steps To The Foundation Of Modern Turkey Nineteenth Century Reforms And The Young Turk Revolution

Author : Can Esen
Publisher : GRIN Verlag
ISBN 13 : 3656100322
Total Pages : 41 pages
Book Rating : 4.24/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Early Steps to the Foundation of Modern Turkey written by Can Esen and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2012 with total page 41 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Essay from the year 2011 in the subject History Europe - Other Countries - Modern Times, Absolutism, Industrialization, grade: A, St. Mary's University, course: Politics of the Middle East, language: English, abstract: The modern Republic of Turkey has been hesitant to embrace its Ottoman past for nearly three quarters of a century following the years of its foundation. During the Ottoman period, majority of the people were living an Islamic lifestyle under the guidance of traditional Islamic shari'a law. This situation was challenging to the modern, secular ideas of the young republic. In order to overcome this problem, the new secular state controlled religious affairs and abolished the institution of Caliphate. Morever, founders of the modern Turkey created a National Assembly and which served as the early steps to the representative democracy. There were series of reforms on the education, military system, women's rights and general dress code for public places. However, although Ataturk and his friends' contribution to the Turkish modernization is undeniable, it should be made clear that his ideas were inspired both by the realities of his time and more importantly the reforms of the late Ottoman period. Thus, contrary to what primary level education which is taught in state schools in Turkey suggests, it is hard to claim that he singlehandedly invented all the ideas and reforms concerning the Turkish modernization. In fact, the idea of Turkish modernization long predates the foundation of the secular republic. There had been reforms from top to down during the nineteenth century. These were followed by a new group of intellectuals who were influenced by the ideas of Enlightenment and French Revolution who were called 'Young Turks'. The Young Turk movement, which was emerged among the students of higher learning schools of Istanbul attracted many other members of the society. The members of the movement were united in their opposition to the personal rule of th

Author : Can Esen
Publisher : GRIN Verlag
ISBN 13 : 3656100659
Total Pages : 19 pages
Book Rating : 4.52/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Early Steps to the foundation of Modern Turkey: Nineteenth Century Reforms and the Young Turk Revolution written by Can Esen and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2012-01-13 with total page 19 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Essay from the year 2011 in the subject History of Europe - Modern Times, Absolutism, Industrialization, grade: A, St. Mary's University, course: Politics of the Middle East, language: English, abstract: The modern Republic of Turkey has been hesitant to embrace its Ottoman past for nearly three quarters of a century following the years of its foundation. During the Ottoman period, majority of the people were living an Islamic lifestyle under the guidance of traditional Islamic shari’a law. This situation was challenging to the modern, secular ideas of the young republic. In order to overcome this problem, the new secular state controlled religious affairs and abolished the institution of Caliphate. Morever, founders of the modern Turkey created a National Assembly and which served as the early steps to the representative democracy. There were series of reforms on the education, military system, women’s rights and general dress code for public places. However, although Ataturk and his friends’ contribution to the Turkish modernization is undeniable, it should be made clear that his ideas were inspired both by the realities of his time and more importantly the reforms of the late Ottoman period. Thus, contrary to what primary level education which is taught in state schools in Turkey suggests, it is hard to claim that he singlehandedly invented all the ideas and reforms concerning the Turkish modernization. In fact, the idea of Turkish modernization long predates the foundation of the secular republic. There had been reforms from top to down during the nineteenth century. These were followed by a new group of intellectuals who were influenced by the ideas of Enlightenment and French Revolution who were called ‘Young Turks’. The Young Turk movement, which was emerged among the students of higher learning schools of Istanbul attracted many other members of the society. The members of the movement were united in their opposition to the personal rule of the Sultan and created the backbone of the modern democratic reforms happened during early years of the modern Turkish Republic (Hanioglu, 2011).

Author : Emine O. Evered
Publisher : I.B. Tauris
ISBN 13 : 9781780761091
Total Pages : 360 pages
Book Rating : 4.90/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Empire and Education under the Ottomans written by Emine O. Evered and published by I.B. Tauris. This book was released on 2012-05-27 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Once hailed as 'the eternal state', the Ottoman Empire was in decline by the end of the nineteenth century, finally collapsing under the pressures of World War I. Yet its legacies are still apparent, and few have had more impact than those of its schools and educational policies. "Empire and Education under the Ottomans" analyses the Empire's educational politics from the mid-nineteenth century, amidst the Tanzimat reform period, until "The Young Turk Revolution in 1908". Through a focus on the regional impact of decrees from Istanbul, Emine O. Evered unravels the complexities of the era, demonstrating how educational changes devised to strengthen the Empire actually hastened its demise. This book is the first history of education in the Ottoman Middle East to evaluate policies in the context of local responses and resistance, and includes the first published English translation of the watershed 1869 Ottoman Education Law. A stimulating and impressively-researched study, it represents an important new addition to the historiography of the Ottoman Empire and will be essential for those researching its lasting legacy.

Author : Ernest Edmondson Ramsaur Jr
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781258332440
Total Pages : 192 pages
Book Rating : 4.42/5 ( download)

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Download or read book The Young Turks written by Ernest Edmondson Ramsaur Jr and published by . This book was released on 2012-05-01 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Author : Stefano Taglia
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 9780815357865
Total Pages : 168 pages
Book Rating : 4.69/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Intellectuals and Reform in the Ottoman Empire written by Stefano Taglia and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-12-04 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book uncovers Young Turk political and social ideas at the end of the nineteenth century, during the intellectual phase of the movement. Analysing the life in exile of two of the most charismatic leaders of the Young Turk movement, Ahmed Rıza and Mehmet Sabahattin, the book unravels their plans for the future of the Ottoman Empire, covering issues of power, religion, citizenship, minority rights, the role of the West, and the accountability of the Sultan. The book follows Rıza and Sabahattin through their association with philosophical circles, and highlights how their emphasis on intellectualism and elitism had a twofold effect. On the one hand, seeing themselves as enlightened and entrusted with a mission, they engaged in enduring debates, leaving an important legacy for both Ottoman and Republican rule. On the other hand, the rigidity resulting from elitism and intellectualism prevented the conception of concrete plans for change, causing a schism at the 1902 Congress of Ottoman Liberals and marking the end of the intellectual phase. Using bilingual period journals, contemporary accounts, police archives and political and philosophical treaties, this book is of interest to students, scholars and researchers of Middle East and Ottoman History, and Political Science more broadly.

Author : M. Sukru Hanioglu
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780199771110
Total Pages : 572 pages
Book Rating : 4.11/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Preparation for a Revolution written by M. Sukru Hanioglu and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2001-03-01 with total page 572 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book will completely transform the standard interpretation of the Young Turk Revolution of 1908, a watershed event in the late Ottoman Empire and a key to the emergence of the modern nation-states in the Middle East and Balkans. Preparation for a Revolution is the first book on the Young Turk Revolution to draw on both the extensive memoirs and papers of the Young Turks and on the extensive diplomatic archives around the world. The author has plumbed not only the Ottoman Archives but collected documents from archives in Bonn, Berlin, Jerusalem, London, Paris, Rome, Athens, Sofia, Tirana, Bern, Geneva, Sarajevo, Cairo, Stockholm, and Tokyo. Breaking new ground, Hanioglu describes in detail how practical considerations led the Young Turks to sacrifice or alter many of their goals for social transformation. He tells a story rich in character and plot, and reveals the many factions and competing intellectual trends that marked this tumultuous period at the end of the Ottoman Empire. Preparation for a Revolution will prove indispensable to anyone working on the political, intellectual, and social history of the Ottoman Empire and of the states that were established on its ruins.

Author : Nazan Çiçek
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
ISBN 13 : 0857718789
Total Pages : 320 pages
Book Rating : 4.85/5 ( download)

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Download or read book The Young Ottomans written by Nazan Çiçek and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2010-10-30 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Eastern Question, as it was termed by the European Powers in the nineteenth century, was a debate primarily concerned with the issue of 'what to do with the Turk?'. The Ottoman Empire had become known as the 'sick man of Europe' following its gradual decline since the eighteenth century, and its demise would be highly problematic for the crowned heads of Europe. This unique book focuses on the intellectual and political dynamics of the first Ottoman political opposition in the modern sense, the so-called 'Young Ottomans'. In the process it narrates an alternative version of the Eastern Question as experienced and told by its Eastern observers and critics. Nazan A icek shows how an important section of the newly-rising semi-autonomous Ottoman Muslim Turkish intelligentsia in the second half of the nineteenth century, effectively answered the alternative question of 'what to do with the West?'.

Author : Gerard Delanty
Publisher : SAGE
ISBN 13 : 1446206440
Total Pages : 598 pages
Book Rating : 4.47/5 ( download)

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Download or read book The SAGE Handbook of Nations and Nationalism written by Gerard Delanty and published by SAGE. This book was released on 2006-06-14 with total page 598 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ′With its list of distinguished contributors and its wide range of topics, the handbook is surely destined to become an invaluable resource for all serious students of nationalism′ - Michael Billig, Professor of Social Sciences at Loughborough University and author of ′Banal Nationalism′ (SAGE 1995) ′The persistence - some would say: revival - of nationalism across the recent history of modernity, in particular the past two decades, has taken many scholars in the social sciences by surprise. In response, interest in the analysis of nationalism has increased and given rise to a great variety of new angles under which to study the phenomenon. What was missing in the cacophony of voices addressing nationalism was a volume that brought them together and confronted them with each other. This handbook does just that. It deserves particular praise for the wide range of approaches and topic included and for the systematic attempt at studying nationalism as a phenomenon of our time, not a remnant from the past′ - Peter Wagner, Professor of Social and Political Theory, European University Institute; and Professor of Sociology, University of Warwick ′For students concerned with the contemporary study of nationalism this will be an invaluable publication. The three-fold division into approaches, themes and cases is a very solid and sensible one. The editors have commissioned essays from leading scholars in the field [and]this handbook provides the best single-volume overview of contemporary nationalism′ - John Breuilly, Professor of Nationalism and Ethnicity, London School of Economics Nationalism has long excited debate in political, social and cultural theory and remains a key field of enquiry among historians, anthropologists, sociologists as well as political scientists. It is also one of the critical media issues of our time. There are, however, surprisingly few volumes that bring together the best of this intellectual diversity into one collection. This Handbook gives readers a critical survey of the latest theories and debates and provides a glimpse of the issues that will shape their future. Its three sections guide the reader through the theoretical approaches to this field of study, its major themes - from modernity to memory, migration and genocide - and the diversity of nationalisms found around the globe. The overall aim of this Handbook is to relate theories and debates within and across a range of disciplines, illuminate themes and issues of central importance in both historical and contemporary contexts, and show how nationalism has impacted upon and interacted with other political and social forms and forces. This book provides a much-needed resource for scholars in international relations, political science, social theory and sociology.

Author : M. Şükrü Hanioğlu
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780197715505
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.08/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Preparation for a Revolution written by M. Şükrü Hanioğlu and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This title is a re-evaluation of the Young Turk Revolution of 1908, a seminal event in the late Ottoman Empire and in the emergence of the modern nation-states in the Middle East and Balkans.

Author : Stanford J. Shaw
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521291668
Total Pages : 548 pages
Book Rating : 4.66/5 ( download)

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Download or read book History of the Ottoman Empire and Modern Turkey: Volume 2, Reform, Revolution, and Republic: The Rise of Modern Turkey 1808-1975 written by Stanford J. Shaw and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1977-05-27 with total page 548 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the second book of the two-volume History of the Ottoman Empire and Modern Turkey.