Cold War And The Income Tax

Author : Edmund Wilson
Publisher : Farrar, Straus and Giroux
ISBN 13 : 0374600023
Total Pages : 118 pages
Book Rating : 4.20/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Cold War and The Income Tax written by Edmund Wilson and published by Farrar, Straus and Giroux. This book was released on 2019-11-19 with total page 118 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The truth is that the people of the United States are at the present time dominated and driven by two kinds of officially propagated fear: fear of the Soviet Union and fear of the income tax. These two terrors have been adjusted so as to complement one another and thus to keep the citizen of our free society under the strain of a double pressure from which he finds himself unable to escape -- like the man in the old Western story, who, chased into a narrow ravine by a buffalo, is confronted with a grizzly bear. If we fail to accept the tax, the Russian buffalo will butt and trample us, and if we try to defy the tax, the federal bear will crush us. The 60,000 officials who are appointed to check on us taxpayers are checked on, themselves, it seems, by another group of agents set to watch them. And supplementing these officials -- since private citizens are paid by the Internal Revenue Service to report on other people's delinquencies, and their names of course are never revealed -- there is a whole host of amateur investigators. . . Does this kind of spying and delation differ much in its incitement to treachery from that which is encouraged in the Soviet Union?

Author : Steven A. Bank
Publisher : The Urban Insitute
ISBN 13 : 9780877667407
Total Pages : 248 pages
Book Rating : 4.03/5 ( download)

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Download or read book War and Taxes written by Steven A. Bank and published by The Urban Insitute. This book was released on 2008 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Introduction: This book explores the long history of American taxation during times of war. As political scientist David Mayhew recently observed, since it's founding in 1789, the United States has conducted hot wars for some 38 years, occupied the South militarily for a decade, waged the Cold War for several decades, and staged countless smaller actions against Indian tribes or foreign powers. The cost of these activities has been immense, with important and lasting consequences for the tax system, the economy, and the nation's political structure. By focusing on tax legislation, we hope to identify some of these consequences. But we are not interested in simply recounting statutory details. Rather, we hope to illuminate the politics of war taxation, with a special focus on the influence of arguments concerning "shaped sacrifice" in shaping wartime tax policy. Moreover, we aim to shed light on a less examined aspect of this history by offering a detailed account of wartime opposition to increased taxes.

Author : Sarah Elizabeth Kreps
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 019086530X
Total Pages : 337 pages
Book Rating : 4.06/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Taxing Wars written by Sarah Elizabeth Kreps and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2018 with total page 337 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Why have the wars in Afghanistan and Iraq lasted longer than any others in American history? One view is that the move to an all-volunteer force and drones have allowed the wars to continue almost unnoticed for years. Taxing Wars suggests how Americans bear the burden in treasure has also changed, with recent wars financed by debt rather than taxes. This shift has eroded accountability and contributed to the phenomenon of perpetual war"--

Author : William Mannen
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
ISBN 13 : 1793607109
Total Pages : 199 pages
Book Rating : 4.02/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Arms, Revenue, and Entitlements written by William Mannen and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2020-07-02 with total page 199 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the second half of the twentieth century, strategic and economic conditions compelled the U.S. government to start running budget deficits on a permanent basis. A new role of global leadership in containing communism required a robust military establishment. The federal government overwhelmingly relied for general revenue on an income tax code that also could not impede economic growth. And general revenue increasingly funded transfer payments in an expanding entitlement state. Fiscal overstretch resulted in unending deficits that continue to this day. At first the shift to deficit normality was not obvious. The Truman and Eisenhower administrations attempted to hold the line on deficits, but this commitment gradually waned in subsequent years. Arms, Revenue, and Entitlements: U.S. Deficits in the Cold War, 1945–1991 looks at the Cold War era from a budgetary perspective and how defense spending, income tax reductions, and entitlement programs all contributed to the emergence of the deficit normative state. As national debt continues to climb in the twenty-first century, Arms, Revenue, and Entitlements shows how the U.S. reached this point and how a comprehensive policy approach might again restore fiscal stability.

Author : Lillian Doris
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781258331030
Total Pages : 322 pages
Book Rating : 4.39/5 ( download)

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Download or read book The American Way in Taxation written by Lillian Doris and published by . This book was released on 2012-05-01 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Author : Michael Cosgrove
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1351293060
Total Pages : 317 pages
Book Rating : 4.68/5 ( download)

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Download or read book The Cost of Winning written by Michael Cosgrove and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-02-06 with total page 317 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In The Cost of Winning, Michael H. Cosgrove describes how the United States used economic policies to contain the Soviet Union during the post-World War n era and how those policies turned a vibrant American economy into one of broken promises and declining power. Cosgrove defines and examines the five economic building blocks used to contain the Soviets in America's Golden Age: the Marshall Plan, free trade, federal income tax policy, the American defense umbrella, and plentiful and cheap oil from the Middle East. He explains how policies supporting these building blocks allowed U.S. taxpayers to both contain the Soviets and enjoy a rapidly rising standard of living. America's economic superstate began to crumble, however, with President Nixon's August 1971 decision to abandon the gold quasi-standard and Saudi Arabia's 1973 decision to cut oil shipments to America. Lean years for the American economy set in. When the American economy could no longer deliver the American dream, entitlements were increased in an attempt to fill the gap between expectations and what the private sector could provide. Since the early 1970s, real purchasing power has been steadily eroding for approximately 75 million private sector workers. The American dream that a good education would lead to a decent job and a rising standard of living in a safe neighborhood has been dashed. Violent crime in America increases while expenditures on public safety rapidly increase. Will America be the first world power to reverse its relative decline? Cosgrove maintains that Congress must initiate the upward process by restructuring itself. Rather than meeting in Washington, D.C., Congress should meet a maximum three to four months per year at a different site each year to achieve "American revitalization." Cosgrove's solutions to the problems of crime include law enforcement through use of bounty hunters to identify and capture alleged criminals, and to establish a fixed penalty system for violent crimes to make costs of committing crime clearer to everyone. Certain to be controversial, this intriguing examination of the state of affairs in the United States, and the author's recommended policies will be compelling reading for sociologists, policymakers, economists, and scholars with an interest in applied public policy for the long haul.

Author : Elias Heckman Henderson
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 244 pages
Book Rating : 4.Q1/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Henderson's War Tax Guide written by Elias Heckman Henderson and published by . This book was released on 1918 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Author : Ewell D. Moore
Publisher : Forgotten Books
ISBN 13 : 9781330431788
Total Pages : 37 pages
Book Rating : 4.82/5 ( download)

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Download or read book War Tax written by Ewell D. Moore and published by Forgotten Books. This book was released on 2015-06-25 with total page 37 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Excerpt from War Tax: A Complete Analysis and Explanation of Normal Taxes and Special War Taxes Now Imposed by the Federal Government, Including Tables and Examples, Applied to Corporations, Partnerships, Individuals, Etc On Octobers 3, 1917, Congress enacted the most far-reaching War Tax law ever known to the American people. It became immediately effective. The details of the numerous War Taxes are of interest to every person earning over $1,000 a year, and to every corporation partnership or other concern, and every individual engaged in business. This book tells the taxpayer what the War Taxes are, when, where and how they must be paid, and helps him to solve his own tax problems arising from this legislation and to make the, returns required by the law. Severe penalties fall upon those who, through ignorance or otherwise, fail to make returns in the manner and at the time prescribed by law, and who do not pay promptly the taxes found to be due. It is important to note that the rates given here are the combined taxes of the old and the new laws. No reference need be made to the old revenue law in figuring the taxes now in effect. War Income Tax (Effective from Jan. 1, 1917) On Individuals Every person, a citizen or resident of the United States, who received more than $1000 net income in the preceding calendar year, if unmarried, and more than $2000 if married, must pay income tax. This tax applies to every citizen or resident of the United States as to his or her net income from all sources within and without the United States, and to every non-resident alien as to his or her net income from sources within the United States, including the interest on bonds, notes and other interest-bearing obligations, not specifically exempted. Income Defined Income includes gains, profits and income from salaries, wages or compensation for personal services of every character, or from professions, vocations, businesses, trade, commerce or sales, or dealings in property, real or personal, growing out of the ownership or use of or interest in real or personal property; also from interest, rent, dividends, securities, or the transaction of any business carried on for gain or profit, and income derived from any source whatever. Net income is that which remains after the deductions herein enumerated are made. Normal And Additional Taxes Defined The Income Tax on individuals is divided into two parts, the Normal tax and the Additional or Surtax. Both are computed on the net income for the preceding calendar year ending December 31. The Normal tax is a fixed rate on the net income above the personal exemptions stated above. The Additional or Surtax is a graduated tax on net incomes above $5000. The Rates The Normal tax on an unmarried person's net income is 2 per cent on the amount of income over $1000 and not over $3000, and 4 percent on the amount of income over $3000. The Normal tax on a married person's net income is 2 per cent on the amount of income over $2000 and not over $4000, and 4 per cent on the amount of income over $4000. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.

Author : Heather Hendershot
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 0226326764
Total Pages : 271 pages
Book Rating : 4.64/5 ( download)

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Download or read book What's Fair on the Air? written by Heather Hendershot and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2011-07-15 with total page 271 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The rise of right-wing broadcasting during the Cold War has been mostly forgotten today. But in the 1950s and ’60s you could turn on your radio any time of the day and listen to diatribes against communism, civil rights, the United Nations, fluoridation, federal income tax, Social Security, or JFK, as well as hosannas praising Barry Goldwater and Jesus Christ. Half a century before the rise of Rush Limbaugh and Glenn Beck, these broadcasters bucked the FCC’s public interest mandate and created an alternate universe of right-wing political coverage, anticommunist sermons, and pro-business bluster. A lively look back at this formative era, What’s Fair on the Air? charts the rise and fall of four of the most prominent right-wing broadcasters: H. L. Hunt, Dan Smoot, Carl McIntire, and Billy James Hargis. By the 1970s, all four had been hamstrung by the Internal Revenue Service, the FCC’s Fairness Doctrine, and the rise of a more effective conservative movement. But before losing their battle for the airwaves, Heather Hendershot reveals, they purveyed ideological notions that would eventually triumph, creating a potent brew of religion, politics, and dedication to free-market economics that paved the way for the rise of Ronald Reagan, the Moral Majority, Fox News, and the Tea Party.

Author : Paul B. Stephan
Publisher : Aspen Publishers
ISBN 13 : 9781565421578
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.74/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Federal Income Taxation written by Paul B. Stephan and published by Aspen Publishers. This book was released on 1997 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Professor Series on Federal Income Taxation covers all major aspects of Federal Income Taxation of individuals. Cases, statutory sections, Revenue Rulings and Revenue Procedures are discussed and cited. Major topics include: definition of income (inclusions and exclusions); deductions; timing issues; capital gains and losses; and attribution. Author Paul B. Stephan III is a professor of law at the University of Virginia Law School. He has taught and written about tax law since 1979. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Special features: A Capsule Summary, ideal for night-before-the-exam review A helpful glossary of tax terms, To help you through this complex area of law Essay questions and answers, For practice applying the black-letter law to fact patterns Detailed tables, including Table of Cases, Table of IRC references, Table of References to Revenue Rulings and Procedures, and Table of Treasury Regulations) Detailed Subject-Matter Index --------------------------------------------------------------------------------