Architecture And Evolution Of The Crust During Continental Arc Magmatism

Author : Glenn J. Woodsworth
Publisher : Geological Society of America
ISBN 13 : 0813700582
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.88/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Architecture and Evolution of the Crust during Continental Arc Magmatism written by Glenn J. Woodsworth and published by Geological Society of America. This book was released on 2020-07-06 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Author : Glenn James Woodsworth
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780813756585
Total Pages : 40 pages
Book Rating : 4.88/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Architecture and Evolution of the Crust During Continental Arc Magmatism written by Glenn James Woodsworth and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Originally prepared for the GSA Thompson Field Forum that ran from Terrace to Prince Rupert, British Columbia, this guide describes the geology along the Skeena River transect of the Coast Mountains batholith, the largest Cordilleran batholith of western North America and one of the largest continental-margin batholiths in the world. The last guide to this area was published in 1983 and this new volume is the only modern overview of the last decades of work. The authors use the transect as a basis to examine the growth of the Coast Mountains batholith as a whole, emphasizing commonalities and variations with the batholith and how these traits may reflect magmatic processes that create convergent-margin batholiths.

Author : Rodolphe Cattin
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1789451302
Total Pages : 277 pages
Book Rating : 4.06/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Himalaya: Dynamics of a Giant, Tectonic Units and Structure of the Himalaya written by Rodolphe Cattin and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2023-08-29 with total page 277 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Author : Donald P. Porcelli
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
ISBN 13 : 1501509055
Total Pages : 864 pages
Book Rating : 4.56/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Noble Gases written by Donald P. Porcelli and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2018-12-17 with total page 864 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Volume 47 of Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry introduces to Noble Gases. Although the mass spectrometry principles are not complex, the tricks involved in getting better data are often self taught or passed on by working with individuals who themselves are pushing the boundaries further. Furthermore, much of the exciting new science is linked with technical developments that allow us to move beyond the current measurement capabilities. Be they better crushing devices, laser resonance time of flight, multiple collection or compressor sources - the technical issues are central to progress. Contents: Noble Gases – Noble Science An Overview of Noble Gas Geochemistry and Cosmochemistry Noble Gases in the Solar System Noble Gases in the Moon and Meteorites: Radiogenic Components and Early Volatile Chronologies Cosmic-Ray-Produced Noble Gases in Meteorites Martian Noble Gases Origin of Noble Gases in the Terrestrial Planets Noble Gas Isotope Geochemistry of Mid-Ocean Ridge and Ocean Island Basalts: Characterization of Mantle Source Reservoirs Noble Gases and Volatile Recycling at Subduction Zones The Storage and Transport of Noble Gases in the Subcontinental Lithosphere Models for the Distribution of Terrestrial Noble Gases and the Evolution of the Atmosphere Production, Release and Transport of Noble Gases in the Continental Crust Tracing Fluid Origin, Transport and Interaction in the Crust Noble Gases in Lakes and Ground Waters Noble Gases in Ocean Waters and Sediments Cosmic-Ray-Produced Noble Gases in Terrestrial Rocks: Dating Tools for Surface Processes K-Ar and Ar-Ar Dating (U-Th)/He Dating: Techniques, Calibrations, and Applications

Author : R. Sharma
Publisher : Geological Society of London
ISBN 13 : 1786204037
Total Pages : 387 pages
Book Rating : 4.35/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Crustal Architecture and Evolution of the Himalaya-Karakoram-Tibet Orogen written by R. Sharma and published by Geological Society of London. This book was released on 2019-09-27 with total page 387 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume comprises 17 contributions that address the architecture and geodynamic evolution of the Himalaya–Karakoram–Tibet (HKT) system, covering wide aspects, from the active seismicity of the present day to the remnants of the Proterozoic orogen. The articles investigate the HKT system at different scales, blending field research with laboratory studies. The role of various lithospheric components and their inheritance in the geodynamic and magmatic evolution of the HKT system through time, and their links to global geological events, are studied in the field. The laboratory research focuses on the (sub-)micrometre scale, detailing micro-structural geology, crystal chemistry, geochronology, and the study of circulating fluids, their preservation (trapped in fluid inclusions) and their evolution, distribution, migration and interaction with the solid host. An orogen over 2000 km long can be understood only if the processes at the nanometre and micrometre scales are taken into account. The contributions in this volume successfully combine these scales to enhance our understanding of the HKT system.

Author : Stephanie B. Grocke
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 303 pages
Book Rating : 4.83/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Magma Dynamics and Evolution in Continental Arcs written by Stephanie B. Grocke and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 303 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Constraining the magma evolution and dynamics that lead to the eruption of large volume continental arc systems is fundamental to our understanding of continental crust formation. An investigation into the magmagenesis that results in the formation of the Central Volcanic Zone (CVZ) in the Andes of South America, situated atop overthickened continental crust (80 km thick), provides insights into large volume silicic magma reservoirs and how they evolve prior to their potentially catastrophic explosive eruption on the Earth's surface. A focused case study of the Cerro Guacha Caldera Complex (CGCC), a nested volcanic system in the Altiplano-Puna Volcanic Complex of SW Bolivia, puts constraints on the progressive stages of development of the magmatic underpinnings of the caldera complex. Whole rock data, in conjunction with matrix glass, mineral compositions and melt inclusions, are used to infer processes that gave rise to the formation of the Guacha II Caldera, the younger of two main collapse features, formed from the supereruption of the Tara Ignimbrite (800 km3 DRE) at 3.49 ± 0.01 Ma. The eruptive history of the Guacha II Caldera from pre-caldera to post-caldera is fully represented, allowing magma dynamics associated with a complete caldera cycle, from pre-climactic (catastrophic caldera-forming) magma accumulation through to post-climactic effusions that are part of the resurgent history of the caldera, to be examined. Analysis of the high-K, calcalkaline suite of andesite to high Si-rhyolite Tara pyroclastic deposits provides insights into the storage conditions and magma dynamics leading up to a supervolcanic eruption. The Tara eruptive products define a liquid line of descent from the basal andesite lava (62 wt % SiO2) to the high-silica rhyolite post-collapse Chajnantor Dome lava (78 wt.% SiO2), with major and trace element trends consistent with fractionation of quartz, plagioclase, orthopyroxene, hornblende, sanidine, biotite, and Fe-Ti oxides. Isotope ratios span a significant range in 87Sr/86Sr (0.709 to 0.713) and a relatively narrow range in 143Nd/144Nd (0.512179 to 0.512297) and [delta]18O[subscript (qtz)] (+8.68 to +8.43[per mil]). These data require AFC processes to explain both the isotope and trace element compositions in the Tara magmas. Geothermobarometry reveals pre-eruptive temperatures (~800 - 950 °C), pressures (~200 MPa), and H2O contents (~5 wt%) that suggest storage of a large-volume rhyodacite magma reservoir between 5 and 9 km depth in the upper crust. Analyses of quartz-hosted melt inclusions from pumices in the climactic plinian and ignimbrite phase of eruption reveal that pre-eruptive H2O contents in the plinian pumice overlap with those in the ignimbrite pumice (2.2 to 6.0 and 2.1 to 5.4 wt.% H2O, respectively). The ignimbrite magma, however, contains higher CO2 (630 versus

Author : Dennis Brown
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3540885587
Total Pages : 492 pages
Book Rating : 4.80/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Arc-Continent Collision written by Dennis Brown and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-06-29 with total page 492 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Arc-continent collision has been one of the important tectonic processes in the formation of mountain belts throughout geological time, and it continues to be so today along tectonically active plate boundaries such as those in the SW Pacific or the Caribbean. Arc-continent collision is thought to have been one of the most important process involved in the growth of the continental crust over geological time, and may also play an important role in its recycling back into the mantle via subduction. Understanding the geological processes that take place during arc-continent collision is therefore of importance for our understanding of how collisional orogens evolve and how the continental crust grows or is destroyed. Furthermore, zones of arc-continent collision are producers of much of the worlds primary economic wealth in the form of minerals, so understanding the processes that take place during these tectonic events is of importance in modeling how this mineral wealth is formed and preserved. This book brings together seventeen papers that are dedicated to the investigation of the tectonic processes that take place during arc-continent collision. It is divided into four sections that deal firstly with the main players involved in any arc-continent collision; the continental margin, the subduction zone, and finally the volcanic arc and its mineral deposits. The second section presents eight examples of arc-continent collisions that range from being currently active through to Palaeoproterozoic in age. The third section contains two papers, one that deals with the obduction of large-slab ophiolites and a second that presents a wide range of physical models of arc-continent collision. The fourth section brings everything that comes before together into a discussion of the processes of arc-continent collision.

Author : G.F. Zellmer
Publisher : Geological Society of London
ISBN 13 : 1862396892
Total Pages : 294 pages
Book Rating : 4.90/5 ( download)

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Download or read book The Role of Volatiles in the Genesis, Evolution and Eruption of Arc Magmas written by G.F. Zellmer and published by Geological Society of London. This book was released on 2015-03-17 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The subduction zone volatile cycle is key to understanding the petrogenesis, transport, storage and eruption of arc magmas. Volatiles control the flux of slab components into the mantle wedge, are responsible for melt generation through lowering the solidi of mantle materials and influence the crystallizing phase assemblages in the overriding crust. Further, the rates and extents of degassing during magma storage and decompression affect magma rheology, ultimately control eruption style and have consequences for the environmental impact of explosive arc volcanism. This book highlights recent progress in constraining the role of volatiles in magmatic processes. Individual book sections are devoted to tracing volatiles from the subducting slab to the overriding crust, their role in subvolcanic processes and eruption triggering, as well as magmatic-hydrothermal systems and volcanic degassing. For the first time, all aspects of the overarching theme of volatile cycling are covered in detail within a single volume.

Author : Dale H. Burns
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 177 pages
Book Rating : 4.11/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Crustal Architecture and Magma Dynamics in a Large Continental Magmatic System written by Dale H. Burns and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 177 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The ~1 Myr history of the Purico-Chascon volcanic complex (PCVC) records significant changes in the production and storage of magmas in the crust. At ~1 Ma activity at the PCVC initiated with the eruption of a large 80-100 km3 crystal-rich dacite ignimbrite with restricted whole rock 87Sr/86Sr isotope ratios between 0.7085-0.7090. In-situ analyses of plagioclase from the Purico ignimbrite have 87Sr/86Sr=0.7087-0.7090. The dacite magma accumulated and evolved at relatively low temperatures around 800-850 °C in the upper crust at 4-8 km depth. Minor andesite and rhyolite pumice late in the sequence have similar restricted whole rock 87Sr/86Sr=0.7089-0.7091. The radiogenic isotopes of this 0.98 Ma activity are consistent with all these compositions resulting from 50 to 70% crustal assimilation by parental Central Andean "baseline" magmas at depths between 15-30 km. The final eruptions at the PCVC occurred 0.18 Ma producing three small 5 km3 crystal-rich dacite lava domes with whole rock 87Sr/86Sr ratios 0.7075 to 0.7081 containing abundant basaltic-andesite enclaves with whole rock 87Sr/86Sr ratios of 0.7057- 0.7061. Plagioclase and amphibole from samples from the largest of these domes, Cerro Chascon, record two distinct magmatic environments; an upper crustal environment identical to the Purico ignimbrite and a second deeper, ~15-20 km depth, higher temperature (~922-1001 °C) environment consistent with conditions recorded in the basaltic andesite enclaves. Accordingly, plagioclase cores in the host dacite lava and enclaves have enriched in-situ 87Sr/86Sr isotopic compositions of 0.7083 to 0.7095 while plagioclase rims and microphenocrysts in the enclaves have 87Sr/86Sr isotope ratios from 0.7057 to 0.7065 and 0.7062 to 0.7064 respectively. Lavas from Cerro Chascon also contain abundant Fo82 olivine with spinel and basaltic melt inclusions that crystallized in a deep crustal environment (1250 °C) consistent with a lower crustal MASH zone. The high baseline isotopic ratios observed in bulk rock and plagioclase crystals from Cerro Chascon (0.7057-0.7065) are consistent with MASH processes. The evolution of the PCVC is a microcosm of the Andean arc in this region where, from 10 - 1 Ma, dominantly dacitic upper crustal magmatism of the Altiplano-Puna Volcanic Complex ignimbrite flare-up persisted until ~1 Ma, when smaller volume, more heterogeneous and less isotopically enriched basaltic andesite to dacite composite volcanoes signal a return to steady state arc volcanism. I suggest that the PCVC captures the transition of the Andean arc from flare-up to steady state. The temporal trend at the PCVC is consistent with a waning thermal flux. High magmatic fluxes during the flare-up would have resulted in elevated geothermal gradients and efficient crustal processing leading to a dominantly dacitic upper crust (0 to 35 km) that fed the large volume Purico ignimbrite. As magmatic flux and thermal energy wanes, crustal isotherms relax resulting in greater thermal contrast between parental magmas, crust and remnant upper crustal dacite magma. This manifests in more heterogeneity and the survival of less isotopically enriched magmas in the upper crust. These arc scale magma dynamics are recorded even at the intra-crystalline scale. Individual crystals from Cerro Chascon also record vital information on the crystallization and evolution of mantle-derived magmas in continental magmatic arcs. Fo2 olivine, olivine hosted spinel, and basaltic melt inclusions record the crystallization of olivine at1250 °C in conditions consistent with a lower crustal (~70 km depth) MASH zone. Another significant crystallization event appears to have occurred at ~20 km depth, characterized by the crystallization of high An plagioclase (An--24) at ~1100-1050 °C followed by high-Al amphibole (~12-15 wt.% Al2O3) at ~1000-950 °C. The appearance of amphibole on the liquidus appears to have resulted from a nearly 2-fold increase in melt water content following ~45% crystallization of high An plagioclase. Following this extensive crystallization the highly crystalline mafic magma ascended into the upper crust and interacted with the remnant crystal mush from the Purico ignimbrite magma reservoir. Low An plagioclase (An3955), low Al amphibole (~6-9 wt.% Al2O3), sanidine, and biotite retain the chemical composition of the Purico ignimbrite magma, whereas, olivine, high An plagioclase, and high Al amphibole record the mafic recharge magma. The textures and compositions observed in Cerro Chascon are common in both continental and oceanic magmatic arcs worldwide and I propose that multiple crystallization events and upper crustal assimilation are fundamental processes intrinsic to arc magmatism. I have also used in situ 87Sr/86Sr isotope ratios in plagioclase from andesite, dacite, and rhyolite pumice from the ~1 Ma Purico ignimbrite to determine the cause for compositional zoning in the Purico ignimbrite magma reservoir. Andesite pumice contains two texturally, compositionally, and isotopically distinct types of plagioclase, small (500 [micro]m) subhedral to euhedral crystals with high MgO (130-490 ppm) and low 87Sr/86r crystals (0.7076-0.7084) record a hot (900 °C) andesite magma derived from an ~20 km deep magma reservoir. In contrast, the second type of plagioclase in the andesite appear to broken fragments of larger crystals and have significantly lower MgO (90-240 ppm), higher 87Sr/86Sr (0.7096-0.7114), and appears to be derived from the lower temperature (crystallized at ~800-900 °C), upper crustal (10 km) plutonic basement. Dacite pumice also contains two texturally and compositionally distinct types of plagioclase. However, both types have very restricted MgO (b.d.l.-200 ppm) and 87Sr/86Sr (0.7085-0.7095) ratios and appear to have grown at ~850°C. These crystals are also significantly larger (1000 [micro]m) than plagioclase from the andesite pumice and have clear euhedral rims. Rhyolite pumice from the Purico ignimbrite also contains distinct types of plagioclase. Both types of plagioclase are similar in size (

Author : Robert S. Hildebrand
Publisher : Geological Society of America
ISBN 13 : 0813725321
Total Pages : 113 pages
Book Rating : 4.21/5 ( download)

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Download or read book The Tectonic Setting and Origin of Cretaceous Batholiths within the North American Cordillera written by Robert S. Hildebrand and published by Geological Society of America. This book was released on 2017-10-03 with total page 113 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this Special Paper, Hildebrand and Whalen present a big-picture, paradigm-busting synthesis that examines the tectonic setting, temporal relations, and geochemistry of many plutons within Cretaceous batholithic terranes of the North American Cordillera. In addition to their compelling tectonic synthesis, they argue that most of the batholiths are not products of arc magmatism as commonly believed, but instead were formed by slab failure during and after collision. They show that slab window and Precambrian TTG suites share many geochemical similarities with Cretaceous slab failure rocks. Geochemical and isotopic data indicate that the slab failure magmas were derived dominantly from the mantle and thus have been one of the largest contributors to growth of continental crust. The authors also note that slab failure plutons emplaced into the epizone are commonly associated with Cu-Au porphyries, as well as Li-Cs-Ta pegmatites.