Analysis Of Needs For Enforcement Of Pfas In Articles And Chemical Products

Author : Krause, Maren
Publisher : Nordic Council of Ministers
ISBN 13 : 9289378018
Total Pages : 191 pages
Book Rating : 4.17/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Analysis of needs for enforcement of PFAS in articles and chemical products written by Krause, Maren and published by Nordic Council of Ministers. This book was released on with total page 191 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Available online: https://pub.norden.org/temanord2024-510/ Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a large group of substances that have been widely used for decades due to their surface-active properties. However, their characteristic resistance to degradation in combination with other properties of concern for human health and the environment has resulted in regulatory actions such as restrictions towards this group of substances, in the EU and globally. Compliance with restrictions as well as enforcement by authorities is key to reduce intentional use of restricted PFAS in articles and chemical products. To analyse PFAS accurately, robust and reliable analytical methods are required. This report evaluates the current situation related to PFAS-analyses and enforcement (including challenges and needs) and propose measures/strategies to enable and/or improve enforcement of, and compliance with current and future, PFAS restrictions.

Author : Diana Twede
Publisher : DEStech Publications, Inc
ISBN 13 : 1605951358
Total Pages : 584 pages
Book Rating : 4.55/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Cartons, Crates and Corrugated Board, Second Edition written by Diana Twede and published by DEStech Publications, Inc. This book was released on 2014-12-22 with total page 584 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: New expanded second edition with key technical, regulatory and marketing developments from the past 10 years in the packaging industryCovers the materials, processes, and design of virtually all paper and fiberboard packaging for end-products, displays, storage and distributionNew information on European and global standards, selection criteria for paperboard, as well as emerging sustainability initiativesExplains recent tests, measurements and costs with ready-to-use calculations Ten years ago, the first edition of Cartons, Crates and Corrugated Board quickly became the standard reference book for wood- and paper-based packaging. Endorsed by TAPPI and other professional societies and used as a textbook worldwide, the book has now been extensively revised and updated by a team formed by the original authors and two additional authors. While preserving the critical performance and design data of the previous edition, this second expanded edition offers new information on the technologies, tests and regulations impacting the paper and corrugated industries worldwide, with a special focus on Europe and Japan. New information has been added on tests and novel designs for folded cartons, as well as expanded discussions of paperboard selection for specific applications, emerging barrier packaging, food contact and migration, and the dynamics and opportunities of corrugated in distribution systems. Recent developments on recycling and sustainability are also highlighted.

Author : Institute of Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 9780309077767
Total Pages : 170 pages
Book Rating : 4.61/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Cost of Environmental-Related Health Effects written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1981-02-01 with total page 170 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Author : Thomas P. Knepper
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3642218717
Total Pages : 183 pages
Book Rating : 4.12/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Polyfluorinated Chemicals and Transformation Products written by Thomas P. Knepper and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-09-21 with total page 183 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Due to their unparalleled effectiveness and efficiency, polyfluorinated chemicals (PFC) have become essential in numerous technical applications. However, many PFCs brought to market show limited biodegradability, and their environmental persistence combined with toxic and bioaccumulative potential have become a matter of concern in some instances. This volume highlights the synthesis of PFCs, focusing on substances with improved application and environmental properties, which are a challenge for synthetic chemists. Further, modern mass spectrometric techniques for the detection and identification of biotransformation products of PFCs are described. The sorption and leaching behavior of PFC in soil is also addressed in order to predict their fate in the environment. Several contributions discuss the monitoring of PFCs in European surface, ground and drinking waters, treatment options for PFC removal from drinking water, occurrence in food, and the human biomonitoring of PFCs.

Author : Gretta Goldenman
Publisher : Nordic Council of Ministers
ISBN 13 : 9289360658
Total Pages : 194 pages
Book Rating : 4.54/5 ( download)

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Download or read book The cost of inaction written by Gretta Goldenman and published by Nordic Council of Ministers. This book was released on 2019-03-17 with total page 194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: PFAS (per and polyfluoroalkylsubstances) are known to be extremely difficult to degrade in the environment and to be bioaccumulative and toxic. Exposure to PFAS is suspected to increase the risk of adverse health effects, such as impacts on the thyroid gland, the liver, fat metabolism and the immune system. This study estimates the socioeconomic costs that may result from impacts on human health and the environment from the use of PFAS. Better awareness of the costs and problems associated with PFAS exposure will assist decision-makers and the general public to make more efficient and timely risk management decisions. Findings indicate that the costs are substantial, with annual health-related costs estimated to 2.8 – 4.6 billion EUR for the Nordic countries and 52 – 84 billion EUR for all EEA countries. Overall non-health costs are estimated at 46 million – 11 billion EUR for the Nordic countries.Upon request the excel spreadsheets used for the monetarisation and valuation in this report can also be provided along with a guidance on how to use the estimation of costs for value transfer. Please contact any of the consultants or members of the steering group from the Swedish Chemicals Agency or the Danish Environmental Protection Agency if you are interested in receiving these excel spreadsheets.

Author :
Publisher : DIANE Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1437981976
Total Pages : 21 pages
Book Rating : 4.71/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Safeguarding the Nation’s Drinking Water: EPA and Congressional Actions written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on with total page 21 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Author : Stenmarck, Åsa
Publisher : Nordic Council of Ministers
ISBN 13 : 9289348496
Total Pages : 121 pages
Book Rating : 4.92/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Hazardous substances in plastics written by Stenmarck, Åsa and published by Nordic Council of Ministers. This book was released on 2017-02-08 with total page 121 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The aim of the project is to create knowledge on how plastics recycling can increase without increasing the risk of emitting hazardous substances to the environment.The first general conclusion is that to be able to increase recycling there are measures needed at different levels. The following areas are of interest: • Legislation: new legislation is not necessary, but harmonisation and clear guidance to the existing one is. • Market: to create a market safety on content is needed. • If substances added are less hazardous the recycled raw material would be “more safe” to use. • There should be higher attention put on the knowledge of the recyclers. • Traceability and content: Further work on labelling reaching the recycle part of the value chain needs to be developed. It is also needed to develop a systematic approach towards risk assessments linked to recycling.

Author : Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
Publisher : Food & Agriculture Org.
ISBN 13 : 9251305056
Total Pages : 156 pages
Book Rating : 4.58/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Soil pollution: a hidden reality written by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 2018-04-30 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This document presents key messages and the state-of-the-art of soil pollution, its implications on food safety and human health. It aims to set the basis for further discussion during the forthcoming Global Symposium on Soil Pollution (GSOP18), to be held at FAO HQ from May 2nd to 4th 2018. The publication has been reviewed by the Intergovernmental Technical Panel on Soil (ITPS) and contributing authors. It addresses scientific evidences on soil pollution and highlights the need to assess the extent of soil pollution globally in order to achieve food safety and sustainable development. This is linked to FAO’s strategic objectives, especially SO1, SO2, SO4 and SO5 because of the crucial role of soils to ensure effective nutrient cycling to produce nutritious and safe food, reduce atmospheric CO2 and N2O concentrations and thus mitigate climate change, develop sustainable soil management practices that enhance agricultural resilience to extreme climate events by reducing soil degradation processes. This document will be a reference material for those interested in learning more about sources and effects of soil pollution.

Author : Vernor Vinge
Publisher : Tor Science Fiction
ISBN 13 : 1429981989
Total Pages : 626 pages
Book Rating : 4.89/5 ( download)

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Download or read book A Fire Upon The Deep written by Vernor Vinge and published by Tor Science Fiction. This book was released on 2010-04-01 with total page 626 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Now with a new introduction for the Tor Essentials line, A Fire Upon the Deep is sure to bring a new generation of SF fans to Vinge's award-winning works. A Hugo Award-winning Novel! “Vinge is one of the best visionary writers of SF today.”-David Brin Thousands of years in the future, humanity is no longer alone in a universe where a mind's potential is determined by its location in space, from superintelligent entities in the Transcend, to the limited minds of the Unthinking Depths, where only simple creatures, and technology, can function. Nobody knows what strange force partitioned space into these "regions of thought," but when the warring Straumli realm use an ancient Transcendent artifact as a weapon, they unwittingly unleash an awesome power that destroys thousands of worlds and enslaves all natural and artificial intelligence. Fleeing this galactic threat, Ravna crash lands on a strange world with a ship-hold full of cryogenically frozen children, the only survivors from a destroyed space-lab. They are taken captive by the Tines, an alien race with a harsh medieval culture, and used as pawns in a ruthless power struggle. Tor books by Vernor Vinge Zones of Thought Series A Fire Upon The Deep A Deepness In The Sky The Children of The Sky Realtime/Bobble Series The Peace War Marooned in Realtime Other Novels The Witling Tatja Grimm's World Rainbows End Collections Collected Stories of Vernor Vinge True Names At the Publisher's request, this title is being sold without Digital Rights Management Software (DRM) applied.

Author : Andrew H. Thalheimer
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780309446389
Total Pages : 230 pages
Book Rating : 4.84/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Use and Potential Impacts of AFFF Containing PFASs at Airports written by Andrew H. Thalheimer and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: TRB's Airport Cooperative Research Program (ACRP) Research Report 173: Use and Potential Impacts of AFFF Containing PFASs at Airports explores the potential environmental and health impacts of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) typically found in aqueous film-forming foams (AFFFs). The report describes methods that can be used to identify areas of potential concern at an airport and ways to implement management and remediation practices.