Woman In France During The Eighteenth Century

Author : Annie K. Smart
Publisher : Rutgers University Press
ISBN 13 : 1644531046
Total Pages : 363 pages
Book Rating : 4.44/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Citoyennes written by Annie K. Smart and published by Rutgers University Press. This book was released on 2011-12-23 with total page 363 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Did women have a civic identity in eighteenth-century France? In Citoyennes: Women and the Ideal of Citizenship in Eighteenth-Century France, Annie Smart contends that they did. While previous scholarship has emphasized the ideal of domestic motherhood or the image of the republican mother, Smart argues persuasively that many pre-revolutionary and revolutionary texts created another ideal for women–the ideal of civic motherhood. Smart asserts that women were portrayed as possessing civic virtue, and as promoting the values and ideals of the public sphere. Contemporary critics have theorized that the eighteenth-century ideal of the Republic intentionally excluded women from the public sphere. According to this perspective, a discourse of “Rousseauean” domestic motherhood stripped women of an active civic identity, and limited their role to breastfeeding and childcare. Eighteenth-century France marked thus the division between a male public sphere of political action and a female private sphere of the home. Citoyennes challenges this position and offers an alternative model of female identity. This interdisciplinary study brings together a variety of genres to demonstrate convincingly that women were portrayed as civic individuals. Using foundational texts such as Jean-Jacques Rousseau’s Emile, or on Education (1762), revolutionary gouaches of Lesueur, and vaudeville plays of Year II of the Republic (1793/1794), this study brilliantly shows that in text and image, women were represented as devoted to both the public good and their families. In addition, Citoyennes offers an innovative interpretation of the home. Through re-examining sphere theory, this study challenges the tendency to equate the home with private concerns, and shows that the home can function as a site for both private life and civic identity. Citoyennes breaks new ground, for it both rectifies the ideal of domestic Rousseauean motherhood, and brings a fuller understanding to how female civic identity operated in important French texts and images. Published by University of Delaware Press. Distributed worldwide by Rutgers University Press.

Author : Daryl M. Hafter
Publisher : LSU Press
ISBN 13 : 0807158321
Total Pages : 265 pages
Book Rating : 4.26/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Women and Work in Eighteenth-Century France written by Daryl M. Hafter and published by LSU Press. This book was released on 2015-01-12 with total page 265 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the eighteenth century, French women were active in a wide range of employments-from printmaking to running whole-sale businesses-although social and legal structures frequently limited their capacity to work independently. The contributors to Women and Work in Eighteenth-Century France reveal how women at all levels of society negotiated these structures with determination and ingenuity in order to provide for themselves and their families. Recent historiography on women and work in eighteenth-century France has focused on the model of the "family economy," in which women's work existed as part of the communal effort to keep the family afloat, usually in support of the patriarch's occupation. The ten essays in this volume offer case studies that complicate the conventional model: wives of ship captains managed family businesses in their husbands' extended absences; high-end prostitutes managed their own households; female weavers, tailors, and merchants increasingly appeared on eighteenth-century tax rolls and guild membership lists; and female members of the nobility possessed and wielded the same legal power as their male counterparts. Examining female workers within and outside of the context of family, Women and Work in Eighteenth-Century France challenges current scholarly assumptions about gender and labor. This stimulating and important collection of essays broadens our understanding of the diversity, vitality, and crucial importance of women's work in the eighteenth-century economy.

Author : Julia Kavanagh
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 302 pages
Book Rating : 4.77/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Women in France During the Eighteenth Century written by Julia Kavanagh and published by . This book was released on 1893 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Author : Julia Kavanagh
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 348 pages
Book Rating : 4.98/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Woman in France During the Eighteenth Century written by Julia Kavanagh and published by . This book was released on 1850 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Author : Julia Kavanagh
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.21/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Woman in France During the Eighteenth Century written by Julia Kavanagh and published by . This book was released on 1950 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Author : Joan B. Landes
Publisher : Cornell University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780801494819
Total Pages : 294 pages
Book Rating : 4.18/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Women and the Public Sphere in the Age of the French Revolution written by Joan B. Landes and published by Cornell University Press. This book was released on 1988 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this provocative interdisciplinary essay, Joan B. Landes examines the impact on women of the emergence of a new, bourgeois organization of public life in the eighteenth century. She focuses on France, contrasting the role and representation of women under the Old Regime with their status during and after the Revolution. Basing her work on a wide reading of current historical scholarship, Landes draws on the work of Habermas and his followers, as well as on recent theories of representation, to re-create public-sphere theory from a feminist point of view.Within the extremely personal and patriarchal political culture of Old Regime France, elite women wielded surprising influence and power, both in the court and in salons. Urban women of the artisanal class often worked side by side with men and participated in many public functions. But the Revolution, Landes asserts, relegated women to the home, and created a rigidly gendered, essentially male, bourgeois public sphere. The formal adoption of "universal" rights actually silenced public women by emphasizing bourgeois conceptions of domestic virtue.In the first part of this book, Landes links the change in women's roles to a shift in systems of cultural representation. Under the absolute monarchy of the Old Regime, political culture was represented by the personalized iconic imagery of the father/king. This imagery gave way in bourgeois thought to a more symbolic system of representation based on speech, writing, and the law. Landes traces this change through the art and writing of the period. Using the works of Rousseau and Montesquieu as examples of the passage to the bourgeois theory of the public sphere, she shows how such concepts as universal reason, law, and nature were rooted in an ideologically sanctioned order of gender difference and separate public and private spheres. In the second part of the book, Landes discusses the discourses on women's rights and on women in society authored by Condorcet, Wollstonecraft, Gouges, Tristan, and Comte within the context of these new definitions of the public sphere. Focusing on the period after the execution of the king, she asks who got to be included as "the People" when men and women demanded that liberal and republican principles be carried to their logical conclusion. She examines women's roles in the revolutionary process and relates the birth of modern feminism to the silencing of the politically influential women of the Old Regime court and salon and to women's expulsion from public participation during and after the Revolution.

Author : Olivier Bernier
Publisher : Metropolitan Museum of Art
ISBN 13 : 0870992945
Total Pages : 170 pages
Book Rating : 4.40/5 ( download)

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Download or read book The Eighteenth-century Woman written by Olivier Bernier and published by Metropolitan Museum of Art. This book was released on 1981 with total page 170 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Author : Vera Lee
Publisher : Cambridge, Mass. : Schenkman Publishing Company
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 168 pages
Book Rating : 4.54/5 ( download)

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Download or read book The Reign of Women in Eighteenth-century France written by Vera Lee and published by Cambridge, Mass. : Schenkman Publishing Company. This book was released on 1975 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Author : Julia Kavanagh
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 348 pages
Book Rating : 4.86/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Woman in France during eighteenth century written by Julia Kavanagh and published by . This book was released on 1850 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Author : Julia Kavanagh
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9783337738051
Total Pages : 276 pages
Book Rating : 4.52/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Woman in France During the Eighteenth Century written by Julia Kavanagh and published by . This book was released on 2019-02-06 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: