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Author : John Connelly
Publisher : Penn State Press
ISBN 13 : 9780271047966
Total Pages : 338 pages
Book Rating : 4.68/5 ( download)
Download or read book Universities Under Dictatorship written by John Connelly and published by Penn State Press. This book was released on 2010-11-01 with total page 338 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : John Connelly
Publisher : Penn State Press
ISBN 13 : 0271093498
Total Pages : 317 pages
Book Rating : 4.99/5 ( download)
Download or read book Universities Under Dictatorship written by John Connelly and published by Penn State Press. This book was released on 2005-10-17 with total page 317 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dictatorships destroy intellectual freedom, yet universities need it. How, then, can universities function under dictatorships? Are they more a support or a danger for the system? In this volume, leading experts from five countries explore the many dimensions of accommodation and conflict, control and independence, as well as subservience and resistance that characterized the relationship of universities to dictatorial regimes in communist and fascist states during the twentieth century: Nazi Germany, Mussolini’s Italy, Francoist Spain, Maoist China, the Soviet Union, and the Soviet bloc countries of Czechoslovakia, East Germany, Hungary, and Poland. Comparisons across these cases reveal that the higher-education policies of modern dictatorships were characterized by a basic conflict of aims. On the one hand, universities were supposed to propagate reigning ideology and serve as training grounds for a dependable elite. Consequently, university autonomy was restricted, research used for political legitimation, personnel policies subjected to political calculus, and many undesired scholars simply put out on the street. On the other hand, modern dictatorships needed well-educated scientists, physicians, teachers, and engineers for the implementation of their political, economic, and military agendas. Communist and fascist leaders thus confronted the basic question of whether universities should be seen primarily as producers of ideology and functionaries loyal to the party line or as places where indispensable knowledge was made available. Dictatorships that opted to subject universities to rigorous political control reduced their scholarly productivity. But if the institutes of higher learning were left with too much autonomy, there was a danger that they would go astray politically. Besides the editors, the contributors are Ruth Ben-Ghiat, Michael David-Fox, Jan Havránek, Ralph Jessen, György Péteri, Miguel Ángel Ruiz Carnicer, and Douglas Stiffler.
Author : Jennifer Gandhi
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521155717
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.11/5 ( download)
Download or read book Political Institutions under Dictatorship written by Jennifer Gandhi and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2010-07-26 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Often dismissed as window-dressing, nominally democratic institutions, such as legislatures and political parties, play an important role in non-democratic regimes. In a comprehensive cross-national study of all non-democratic states from 1946 to 2002 that examines the political uses of these institutions by dictators, Gandhi finds that legislative and partisan institutions are an important component in the operation and survival of authoritarian regimes. She examines how and why these institutions are useful to dictatorships in maintaining power, analyzing the way dictators utilize institutions as a forum in which to organize political concessions to potential opposition in an effort to neutralize threats to their power and to solicit cooperation from groups outside of the ruling elite. The use of legislatures and parties to co-opt opposition results in significant institutional effects on policies and outcomes under dictatorship.
Author : Anne Meng
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1108834892
Total Pages : 277 pages
Book Rating : 4.96/5 ( download)
Download or read book Constraining Dictatorship written by Anne Meng and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2020-08-20 with total page 277 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Examining constitutional rules and power-sharing in Africa reveals how some dictatorships become institutionalized, rule-based systems.
Author : Celia Donert
Publisher : Central European University Press
ISBN 13 : 9633864283
Total Pages : 260 pages
Book Rating : 4.89/5 ( download)
Download or read book Making Sense of Dictatorship written by Celia Donert and published by Central European University Press. This book was released on 2022-03-22 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How did political power function in the communist regimes of Central and Eastern Europe after 1945? Making Sense of Dictatorship addresses this question with a particular focus on the acquiescent behavior of the majority of the population until, at the end of the 1980s, their rejection of state socialism and its authoritarian world. The authors refer to the concept of Sinnwelt, the way in which groups and individuals made sense of the world around them. The essays focus on the dynamics of everyday life and the extent to which the relationship between citizens and the state was collaborative or antagonistic. Each chapter addresses a different aspect of life in this period, including modernization, consumption and leisure, and the everyday experiences of “ordinary people,” single mothers, or those adopting alternative lifestyles. Empirically rich and conceptually original, the essays in this volume suggest new ways to understand how people make sense of everyday life under dictatorial regimes.
Author : Ronald J. Daniels
Publisher : JHU Press
ISBN 13 : 1421442698
Total Pages : 337 pages
Book Rating : 4.93/5 ( download)
Download or read book What Universities Owe Democracy written by Ronald J. Daniels and published by JHU Press. This book was released on 2021-10-05 with total page 337 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Introduction -- American dreams : access, mobility, fairness -- Free minds : educating democratic citizens -- Hard facts : knowledge creation and checking power -- Purposeful pluralism : dialogue across difference on campus -- Conclusion.
Author : Claudia Calirman
Publisher : Duke University Press
ISBN 13 : 0822351536
Total Pages : 247 pages
Book Rating : 4.35/5 ( download)
Download or read book Brazilian Art Under Dictatorship written by Claudia Calirman and published by Duke University Press. This book was released on 2012-05-28 with total page 247 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Non la biennale de Sao Paulo -- Antonio Manuel: experimental exercise of freedom? -- Artur Barrio: a visual aesthetics for the third world -- Cildo Meireles: an explosive art -- Conclusion: Opening the wounds : longing for closure.
Author : Jessica L. P. Weeks
Publisher : Cornell University Press
ISBN 13 : 0801455235
Total Pages : 265 pages
Book Rating : 4.30/5 ( download)
Download or read book Dictators at War and Peace written by Jessica L. P. Weeks and published by Cornell University Press. This book was released on 2014-09-08 with total page 265 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Why do some autocratic leaders pursue aggressive or expansionist foreign policies, while others are much more cautious in their use of military force? The first book to focus systematically on the foreign policy of different types of authoritarian regimes, Dictators at War and Peace breaks new ground in our understanding of the international behavior of dictators. Jessica L. P. Weeks explains why certain kinds of regimes are less likely to resort to war than others, why some are more likely to win the wars they start, and why some authoritarian leaders face domestic punishment for foreign policy failures whereas others can weather all but the most serious military defeat. Using novel cross-national data, Weeks looks at various nondemocratic regimes, including those of Saddam Hussein and Joseph Stalin; the Argentine junta at the time of the Falklands War, the military government in Japan before and during World War II, and the North Vietnamese communist regime. She finds that the differences in the conflict behavior of distinct kinds of autocracies are as great as those between democracies and dictatorships. Indeed, some types of autocracies are no more belligerent or reckless than democracies, casting doubt on the common view that democracies are more selective about war than autocracies.
Author : Ronald Wintrobe
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521794497
Total Pages : 404 pages
Book Rating : 4.98/5 ( download)
Download or read book The Political Economy of Dictatorship written by Ronald Wintrobe and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2000-09-25 with total page 404 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although much of the world still lives today, as always, under dictatorship, the behaviour of these regimes and of their leaders often appears irrational and mysterious. In The Political Economy of Dictatorship, Ronald Wintrobe uses rational choice theory to model dictatorships: their strategies for accumulating power, the constraints on their behavior, and why they are often more popular than is commonly accepted. The book explores both the politics and the economics of dictatorships, and the interaction between them. The questions addressed include: What determines the repressiveness of a regime? Can political authoritarianism be 'good' for the economy? After the fall, who should be held responsible for crimes against human rights? The book contains many applications, including chapters on Nazi Germany, Soviet Communism, South Africa under apartheid, the ancient Roman Empire and Pinochet's Chile. It also provides a guide to the policies which should be followed by the democracies towards dictatorships.
Author : Alexander Dukalskis
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0197520138
Total Pages : 265 pages
Book Rating : 4.30/5 ( download)
Download or read book Making the World Safe for Dictatorship written by Alexander Dukalskis and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2021 with total page 265 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Making the World Safe for Dictatorship is about how authoritarian states manage their image abroad using both "promotional" tactics of persuasion and "obstructive" tactics of repression. All states attempt to manage their global image to some degree, but authoritarian states in the post-Cold War era have special incentives to do so given the predominance of democracy as an international norm. Alexander Dukalskis looks at the tactics that authoritarian states use for image management and the ways in which their strategies vary from one state to another. Moreover, Dukalskis looks at the degree to which some authoritarian states succeed in using image management to enhance their internal and external security, and, in turn, to make their world safe for dictatorship.
