Thermoacoustic Combustion Instability Control

Author : Dan Zhao
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0323899188
Total Pages : 1145 pages
Book Rating : 4.85/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Thermoacoustic Combustion Instability Control written by Dan Zhao and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2023-02-13 with total page 1145 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Thermoacoustic Combustion Instability Control: Engineering Applications and Computer Codes provides a unique opportunity for researchers, students and engineers to access recent developments from technical, theoretical and engineering perspectives. The book is a compendium of the most recent advances in theoretical and computational modeling and the thermoacoustic instability phenomena associated with multi-dimensional computing methods and recent developments in signal-processing techniques. These include, but are not restricted to a real-time observer, proper orthogonal decomposition (POD), dynamic mode decomposition, Galerkin expansion, empirical mode decomposition, the Lattice Boltzmann method, and associated numerical and analytical approaches. The fundamental physics of thermoacoustic instability occurs in both macro- and micro-scale combustors. Practical methods for alleviating common problems are presented in the book with an analytical approach to arm readers with the tools they need to apply in their own industrial or research setting. Readers will benefit from practicing the worked examples and the training provided on computer coding for combustion technology to achieve useful results and simulations that advance their knowledge and research. Focuses on applications of theoretical and numerical modes with computer codes relevant to combustion technology Includes the most recent modeling and analytical developments motivated by empirical experimental observations in a highly visual way Provides self-contained chapters that include a comprehensive, introductory section that ensures any readers new to this topic are equipped with required technical terms

Author : Xiaoling Chen
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.03/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Modeling and Control of Thermoacoustics in a One-dimensional Combustor written by Xiaoling Chen and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation examines the model-based optimization of sensor placement, estimation, and control for the active suppression of thermoacoustic instabilities in a one-dimensional combustor. This research is motivated by the increasing use of lean premixed combustion for emission reduction in gas turbine combustors. Thermoacoustic instability is a potentially damaging side effect of lean premixed combustion, caused by the unstable coupling between acoustics and unsteady heat release. There is extensive existing literature on the suppression of this instability, using both passive means such as Helmholtz resonators and active stability control. Much of the work on active combustion stability control relies on the injection of an additional acoustic excitation or fuel supply to break the above undesirable unstable coupling, thereby suppressing instability. Researchers have shown the promise of active combustion instability control both in simulations and laboratory experiments, for both single and multiple modes of instability. Active combustion stability control remains relatively scarce in industrial practice, despite the rich existing literature indicating its potential for success. Several important research questions need to be answered in order to help bridge this gap. First, while much of the recent research on active combustion stability control assumes one-dimensional combustion dynamics, an open question remains regarding the importance of other dynamic effects in the combustor, such as the dynamic interactions between multiple flames. Second, the degree to which the placement of sensors and actuators in a combustor affects the accuracy with which combustion instability dynamics can be estimated remains relatively unexplored in the literature. Third, the suitability of traditional linear model-based estimation and control techniques for stabilizing combustion instabilities with nonlinear heat release dynamics also remains relatively unexplored in the literature. The overarching goal of this dissertation is to address the above gaps using a combination of optimal sensor placement, optimal estimation, and optimal control. Towards this goal, the dissertation makes six specific contributions to the literature: 1. First, the author performs an experimental comparison between thermoacoustic instabilities in single- versus multi-nozzle combustion systems (Chapter 2). This study shows that the dynamic interactions between multiple flames in a multi-nozzle combustor have a non-trivial impact on thermoacoustic instability, especially the time scales of the transient instabilities. This helps characterize and understand the constraints on the practical applicability of one-dimensional combustion instability models for multi-nozzle systems, including the models used in the remainder of this dissertation. 2. Second, the author optimizes the design of a laboratory characterization experiment for a one-dimensional combustor (Chapter 3). This optimization utilizes Fisher information analysis for optimal combustion instability characterization, for the first time. 3. Third, the dissertation shows, using a mix of simulation-based and experimental studies, that the above use of optimal experimental design improves combustion instability parameterization accuracy (Chapter 4). Moreover, by furnishing more accurate combustion instability models, one is able to achieve higher levels of confidence in the robustness of the resulting combustion stability controllers. 4. Fourth, the dissertation presents a novel algorithm that makes it possible to estimate combustion heat release rates from multi-microphone measurements of the resulting acoustic signatures, in a manner that does not require the modeling of heat release dynamics (Chapter 5). This is important because it simplifies the online estimation of heat release dynamics, compared to model-based estimation methods requiring a heat release model. 5. Fifth, the dissertation studies the impact of sensor placement on the observability and LQG control of combustion instabilities governed by a linear $n-\tau$ heat release model (Chapter 6). This work highlights the importance of placing acoustic sensors at specific locations like the pressure mode anti-node points, including the acoustically closed combustor boundary. 6. Finally, the author develops a computational framework for the co-simulation of linear combustor acoustics, model-based combustion stability control, and nonlinear heat release dynamics governed by a level-set solver (Chapter 7). To the best of the author's knowledge, this is the first framework in the literature enabling the simulation-based study of the efficacy of linear control for combustion instabilities characterized by nonlinear heat release dynamics. In making the above contributions to the literature, this dissertation builds on the well-established idea that linear model-based estimation and control can be effective in suppressing combustion instability. The novelty of the dissertation lies in: 1. Pushing the above idea further by examining the degree to which its efficacy can be enhanced further through the use of information theory to optimize sensor placement and experimental design for estimation/control applications. 2. Building a framework that makes it possible to study the efficacy of model-based linear estimation/control in the context of thermo-acoustic instabilities driven by nonlinear heat release dynamics.

Author : R. I. Sujith
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030811352
Total Pages : 484 pages
Book Rating : 4.58/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Thermoacoustic Instability written by R. I. Sujith and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-12-14 with total page 484 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book systematically presents the consolidated findings of the phenomenon of self-organization observed during the onset of thermoacoustic instability using approaches from dynamical systems and complex systems theory. Over the last decade, several complex dynamical states beyond limit cycle oscillations such as quasiperiodicity, frequency-locking, period-n, chaos, strange non-chaos, and intermittency have been discovered in thermoacoustic systems operated in laminar and turbulent flow regimes. During the onset of thermoacoustic instability in turbulent systems, an ordered acoustic field and large coherent vortices emerge from the background of turbulent combustion. This emergence of order from disorder in both temporal and spatiotemporal dynamics is explored in the contexts of synchronization, pattern formation, collective interaction, multifractality, and complex networks. For the past six decades, the spontaneous emergence of large amplitude, self-sustained, tonal oscillations in confined combustion systems, characterized as thermoacoustic instability, has remained one of the most challenging areas of research. The presence of such instabilities continues to hinder the development and deployment of high-performance combustion systems used in power generation and propulsion applications. Even with the advent of sophisticated measurement techniques to aid experimental investigations and vast improvements in computational power necessary to capture flow physics in high fidelity simulations, conventional reductionist approaches have not succeeded in explaining the plethora of dynamical behaviors and the associated complexities that arise in practical combustion systems. As a result, models and theories based on such approaches are limited in their application to mitigate or evade thermoacoustic instabilities, which continue to be among the biggest concerns for engine manufacturers today. This book helps to overcome these limitations by providing appropriate methodologies to deal with nonlinear thermoacoustic oscillations, and by developing control strategies that can mitigate and forewarn thermoacoustic instabilities. The book is also beneficial to scientists and engineers studying the occurrence of several other instabilities, such as flow-induced vibrations, compressor surge, aeroacoustics and aeroelastic instabilities in diverse fluid-mechanical environments, to graduate students who intend to apply dynamical systems and complex systems approach to their areas of research, and to physicists who look for experimental applications of their theoretical findings on nonlinear and complex systems.

Author : Timothy C. Lieuwen
Publisher : AIAA (American Institute of Aeronautics & Astronautics)
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 688 pages
Book Rating : 4.26/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Combustion Instabilities in Gas Turbine Engines written by Timothy C. Lieuwen and published by AIAA (American Institute of Aeronautics & Astronautics). This book was released on 2005 with total page 688 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers gas turbine users and manufacturers a valuable resource to help them sort through issues associated with combustion instabilities. In the last ten years, substantial efforts have been made in the industrial, governmental, and academic communities to understand the unique issues associated with combustion instabilities in low-emission gas turbines. The objective of this book is to compile these results into a series of chapters that address the various facets of the problem. The Case Studies section speaks to specific manufacturer and user experiences with combustion instabilities in the development stage and in fielded turbine engines. The book then goes on to examine The Fundamental Mechanisms, The Combustor Modeling, and Control Approaches.

Author : National Aeronautics and Space Adm Nasa
Publisher : Independently Published
ISBN 13 : 9781793905758
Total Pages : 28 pages
Book Rating : 4.54/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Characterization and Simulation of the Thermoacoustic Instability Behavior of an Advanced, Low Emissions Combustor Prototype written by National Aeronautics and Space Adm Nasa and published by Independently Published. This book was released on 2019-01-13 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Extensive research is being done toward the development of ultra-low-emissions combustors for aircraft gas turbine engines. However, these combustors have an increased susceptibility to thermoacoustic instabilities. This type of instability was recently observed in an advanced, low emissions combustor prototype installed in a NASA Glenn Research Center test stand. The instability produces pressure oscillations that grow with increasing fuel/air ratio, preventing full power operation. The instability behavior makes the combustor a potentially useful test bed for research into active control methods for combustion instability suppression. The instability behavior was characterized by operating the combustor at various pressures, temperatures, and fuel and air flows representative of operation within an aircraft gas turbine engine. Trends in instability behavior versus operating condition have been identified and documented, and possible explanations for the trends provided. A simulation developed at NASA Glenn captures the observed instability behavior. The physics-based simulation includes the relevant physical features of the combustor and test rig, employs a Sectored 1-D approach, includes simplified reaction equations, and provides time-accurate results. A computationally efficient method is used for area transitions, which decreases run times and allows the simulation to be used for parametric studies, including control method investigations. Simulation results show that the simulation exhibits a self-starting, self-sustained combustion instability and also replicates the experimentally observed instability trends versus operating condition. Future plans are to use the simulation to investigate active control strategies to suppress combustion instabilities and then to experimentally demonstrate active instability suppression with the low emissions combustor prototype, enabling full power, stable operation. DeLaat, John C. and Paxson, Daniel E. Glenn Research Cent

Author : Xiaofeng Sun
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 012408074X
Total Pages : 556 pages
Book Rating : 4.44/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Fundamentals of Aeroacoustics with Applications to Aeropropulsion Systems written by Xiaofeng Sun and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2020-10-14 with total page 556 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fundamentals of Aeroacoustics with Applications to Aeropropulsion Systems from the Shanghai Jiao Tong University Press Aerospace series, is the go-to reference on the topic, providing a modern take on the fundamental theory and applications relating to prediction and control of all major noise sources in aeropropulsion systems. This important reference compiles the latest knowledge and research advances, considering both the physics of aerodynamic noise generation in aero-engines and related numerical prediction techniques. Additionally, it introduces new vortex sound interaction models, a transfer element method, and a combustion instability model developed by the authors. Focusing on propulsion systems from inlet to exit, including combustion noise, this new resource will aid graduate students, researchers, and R&D engineers in solving the aircraft noise problems that currently challenge the industry. Updates the knowledge-base on the sound source generated by aeropropulsion systems, from inlet to exit, including combustion noise Covers new aerodynamic noise control technology aimed at the low-noise design of next generation aero-engines, including topics such as aerodynamic noise and aero-engine noise control Includes new, cutting-edge models and methods developed by an author team led by the editor-in-chief of the Chinese Journal of Aeronautics and Astronautics Considers both the physics of aerodynamic noise generation in aero-engines and related numerical prediction techniques

Author : National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
Publisher : Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
ISBN 13 : 9781721677191
Total Pages : 30 pages
Book Rating : 4.94/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Validation of an Adaptive Combustion Instability Control Method for Gas-Turbine Engines written by National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2018-08-20 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper describes ongoing testing of an adaptive control method to suppress high frequency thermo-acoustic instabilities like those found in lean-burning, low emission combustors that are being developed for future aircraft gas turbine engines. The method called Adaptive Sliding Phasor Averaged Control, was previously tested in an experimental rig designed to simulate a combustor with an instability of about 530 Hz. Results published earlier, and briefly presented here, demonstrated that this method was effective in suppressing the instability. Because this test rig did not exhibit a well pronounced instability, a question remained regarding the effectiveness of the control methodology when applied to a more coherent instability. To answer this question, a modified combustor rig was assembled at the NASA Glenn Research Center in Cleveland, Ohio. The modified rig exhibited a more coherent, higher amplitude instability, but at a lower frequency of about 315 Hz. Test results show that this control method successfully reduced the instability pressure of the lower frequency test rig. In addition, due to a certain phenomena discovered and reported earlier, the so called Intra-Harmonic Coupling, a dramatic suppression of the instability was achieved by focusing control on the second harmonic of the instability. These results and their implications are discussed, as well as a hypothesis describing the mechanism of intra-harmonic coupling. Kopasakis, George and DeLaat, John C. and Chang, Clarence T. Glenn Research Center NASA/TM-2004-213198, AIAA Paper 2004-4028, E-14698

Author : Forman A. Williams
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 0429973683
Total Pages : 492 pages
Book Rating : 4.80/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Combustion Theory written by Forman A. Williams and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-03-05 with total page 492 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Combustion Theory delves deeper into the science of combustion than most other texts and gives insight into combustions from a molecular and a continuum point of view. The book presents derivations of the basic equations of combustion theory and contains appendices on the background of subjects of thermodynamics, chemical kinetics, fluid dynamics, and transport processes. Diffusion flames, reactions in flows with negligible transport and the theory of pre-mixed flames are treated, as are detonation phenomena, the combustion of solid propellents, and ignition, extinction, and flamibility pehnomena.

Author :
Publisher : Cuvillier Verlag
ISBN 13 : 3736919050
Total Pages : 156 pages
Book Rating : 4.51/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Investigations of Thermoacoustic Oscillations:Modeling, Identification and Control written by and published by Cuvillier Verlag. This book was released on 2006-07-10 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Author : Tim C. Lieuwen
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1139576836
Total Pages : 427 pages
Book Rating : 4.33/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Unsteady Combustor Physics written by Tim C. Lieuwen and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2012-08-27 with total page 427 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Developing clean, sustainable energy systems is a pre-eminent issue of our time. Most projections indicate that combustion-based energy conversion systems will continue to be the predominant approach for the majority of our energy usage. Unsteady combustor issues present the key challenge associated with the development of clean, high-efficiency combustion systems such as those used for power generation, heating or propulsion applications. This comprehensive study is unique, treating the subject in a systematic manner. Although this book focuses on unsteady combusting flows, it places particular emphasis on the system dynamics that occur at the intersection of the combustion, fluid mechanics and acoustic disciplines. Individuals with a background in fluid mechanics and combustion will find this book to be an incomparable study that synthesises these fields into a coherent understanding of the intrinsically unsteady processes in combustors.