The Social Basis Of Scientific Discoveries

Author : Augustine Brannigan
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521236959
Total Pages : 224 pages
Book Rating : 4.59/5 ( download)

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Download or read book The Social Basis of Scientific Discoveries written by Augustine Brannigan and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1981-10-29 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What constitutes a scientific discovery? How do discoveries happen and how are they recognised as such? These are questions of central concern to scientists and philosophers. In this book, Augustine Brannigan provides a critical examination of the major theories which have been devised to account for discoveries and innovations in science, and develops a fresh alternative. Dr Brannigan begins by arguing that most theories fall into one of two classes: mentalistic theories, which describe how ideas come into the mind, and cultural theories, which describe how they 'mature' in a particular culture. His account reveals a series of empirical and methodological problems that make these existing models untenable and he proposes as an alternative a sociological approach, which draws attention not to what makes discoveries happen, but to the processes whereby certain achievements are recognised and labelled as discoveries. This approach is illustrated in detail with a number of important scientific cases. The book throws light not only on the conventional character of discoveries but also on the folk elements in popular theories about discovery, such as genius, gestalt switch and simultaneous invention.

Author : Mark Addis
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030237699
Total Pages : 192 pages
Book Rating : 4.91/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Scientific Discovery in the Social Sciences written by Mark Addis and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-09-12 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume offers selected papers exploring issues arising from scientific discovery in the social sciences. It features a range of disciplines including behavioural sciences, computer science, finance, and statistics with an emphasis on philosophy. The first of the three parts examines methods of social scientific discovery. Chapters investigate the nature of causal analysis, philosophical issues around scale development in behavioural science research, imagination in social scientific practice, and relationships between paradigms of inquiry and scientific fraud. The next part considers the practice of social science discovery. Chapters discuss the lack of genuine scientific discovery in finance where hypotheses concern the cheapness of securities, the logic of scientific discovery in macroeconomics, and the nature of that what discovery with the Solidarity movement as a case study. The final part covers formalising theories in social science. Chapters analyse the abstract model theory of institutions as a way of representing the structure of scientific theories, the semi-automatic generation of cognitive science theories, and computational process models in the social sciences. The volume offers a unique perspective on scientific discovery in the social sciences. It will engage scholars and students with a multidisciplinary interest in the philosophy of science and social science.

Author : Karl Popper
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1134470029
Total Pages : 545 pages
Book Rating : 4.20/5 ( download)

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Download or read book The Logic of Scientific Discovery written by Karl Popper and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2005-11-04 with total page 545 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Described by the philosopher A.J. Ayer as a work of 'great originality and power', this book revolutionized contemporary thinking on science and knowledge. Ideas such as the now legendary doctrine of 'falsificationism' electrified the scientific community, influencing even working scientists, as well as post-war philosophy. This astonishing work ranks alongside The Open Society and Its Enemies as one of Popper's most enduring books and contains insights and arguments that demand to be read to this day.

Author : G. Gore
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 0429623011
Total Pages : 221 pages
Book Rating : 4.11/5 ( download)

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Download or read book The Scientific Basis of National Progress written by G. Gore and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-05-29 with total page 221 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Published in 1970: The leading idea of the book is that present knowledge only enables us to maintain our present state, that national progress is the result of new ideas, and that the chief source of new ideas is original research. That as advance has its origin in new knowledge; unless new discoveries are made, new inventions and improvements must sooner or later cease. Another prominent idea is, that truth is essentially the same in all divisions of knowledge, and that the mental powers and processes employed in detecting it are the same in all subjects.

Author : Kimberley A. McGrath
Publisher : Gale Cengage
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 1206 pages
Book Rating : 4.98/5 ( download)

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Download or read book World of Scientific Discovery written by Kimberley A. McGrath and published by Gale Cengage. This book was released on 1999 with total page 1206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Scientific milestones and the people who made them possible.

Author : Neil Schlager
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780787639327
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.2X/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Science and Its Times written by Neil Schlager and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Author : Xiaoling Shu
Publisher : University of California Press
ISBN 13 : 0520339991
Total Pages : 263 pages
Book Rating : 4.96/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Knowledge Discovery in the Social Sciences written by Xiaoling Shu and published by University of California Press. This book was released on 2020-02-04 with total page 263 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Knowledge Discovery in the Social Sciences helps readers find valid, meaningful, and useful information. It is written for researchers and data analysts as well as students who have no prior experience in statistics or computer science. Suitable for a variety of classes—including upper-division courses for undergraduates, introductory courses for graduate students, and courses in data management and advanced statistical methods—the book guides readers in the application of data mining techniques and illustrates the significance of newly discovered knowledge. Readers will learn to: • appreciate the role of data mining in scientific research • develop an understanding of fundamental concepts of data mining and knowledge discovery • use software to carry out data mining tasks • select and assess appropriate models to ensure findings are valid and meaningful • develop basic skills in data preparation, data mining, model selection, and validation • apply concepts with end-of-chapter exercises and review summaries

Author : Susan E. Cozzens
Publisher : State University of New York Press
ISBN 13 : 1438400012
Total Pages : 254 pages
Book Rating : 4.13/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Social Control and Multiple Discovery in Science written by Susan E. Cozzens and published by State University of New York Press. This book was released on 1989-07-01 with total page 254 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recognition for accomplishment is a major institutional reward in the scientific community, thus regulating disputes over credit for discovery, can be viewed as an important problem in social control. Cozzens examines a well-known dispute — one that took place with the discovery of the opiate receptor in neuropharmacological research. The issues Cozzens discusses — priority disputes, social control, and norms and morals — are important throughout the sciences; they are crucial factors in the lives of scientists, the functioning of scientific communities, and the day-to-day operations of scientific organizations.

Author : Norman W. Storer
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 198 pages
Book Rating : 4.95/5 ( download)

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Download or read book The Social System of Science written by Norman W. Storer and published by . This book was released on 1966 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.42/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Science and Its Times written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: