The Scientific Image

Author : Bas C. Van Fraassen
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780198244271
Total Pages : 260 pages
Book Rating : 4.74/5 ( download)

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Download or read book The Scientific Image written by Bas C. Van Fraassen and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 1980-12-11 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this book van Fraassen develops an alternative to scientific realism by constructing and evaluating three mutually reinforcing theories.

Author : Dominic Murphy
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 0262517442
Total Pages : 423 pages
Book Rating : 4.47/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Psychiatry in the Scientific Image written by Dominic Murphy and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2012-01-13 with total page 423 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An analysis of the understanding, classification, and explanation of mental disorders that proposes that psychiatry adopt the best practices of the cognitive sciences. In Psychiatry in the Scientific Image, Dominic Murphy looks at psychiatry from the viewpoint of analytic philosophy of science, considering three issues: how we should conceive of, classify, and explain mental illness. If someone is said to have a mental illness, what about it is mental? What makes it an illness? How might we explain and classify it? A system of psychiatric classification settles these questions by distinguishing the mental illnesses and showing how they stand in relation to one another. This book explores the philosophical issues raised by the project of explaining and classifying mental illness. Murphy argues that the current literature on mental illness—exemplified by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—is an impediment to research; it lacks a coherent concept of the mental and a satisfactory account of disorder, and yields too much authority to commonsense thought about the mind. He argues that the explanation of mental illness should meet the standards of good explanatory practice in the cognitive neurosciences, and that the classification of mental disorders should group symptoms into conditions based on the causal structure of the normal mind.

Author : Bas. C. van Fraassen
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0198244274
Total Pages : 248 pages
Book Rating : 4.71/5 ( download)

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Download or read book The Scientific Image written by Bas. C. van Fraassen and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 1980-12-11 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presenting an empiricist alternative to both logical positivism and scientific realism, this book insists on a literal understanding of the language of science and on an irreducibly pragmatic dimension of theory acceptance.

Author : Joseph Rouse
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 022629370X
Total Pages : 430 pages
Book Rating : 4.07/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Articulating the World written by Joseph Rouse and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2015-11-13 with total page 430 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Naturalism as a guiding philosophy for modern science both disavows any appeal to the supernatural or anything else transcendent to nature, and repudiates any philosophical or religious authority over the workings and conclusions of the sciences. A longstanding paradox within naturalism, however, has been the status of scientific knowledge itself, which seems, at first glance, to be something that transcends and is therefore impossible to conceptualize within scientific naturalism itself. In Articulating the World, Joseph Rouse argues that the most pressing challenge for advocates of naturalism today is precisely this: to understand how to make sense of a scientific conception of nature as itself part of nature, scientifically understood. Drawing upon recent developments in evolutionary biology and the philosophy of science, Rouse defends naturalism in response to this challenge by revising both how we understand our scientific conception of the world and how we situate ourselves within it.

Author : Alan J. Rocke
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 0226723356
Total Pages : 403 pages
Book Rating : 4.58/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Image and Reality written by Alan J. Rocke and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2010-05-15 with total page 403 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nineteenth-century chemists were faced with a particular problem: how to depict the atoms and molecules that are beyond the direct reach of our bodily senses. In visualizing this microworld, these scientists were the first to move beyond high-level philosophical speculations regarding the unseen. In Image and Reality, Alan Rocke focuses on the community of organic chemists in Germany to provide the basis for a fuller understanding of the nature of scientific creativity. Arguing that visual mental images regularly assisted many of these scientists in thinking through old problems and new possibilities, Rocke uses a variety of sources, including private correspondence, diagrams and illustrations, scientific papers, and public statements, to investigate their ability to not only imagine the invisibly tiny atoms and molecules upon which they operated daily, but to build detailed and empirically based pictures of how all of the atoms in complicated molecules were interconnected. These portrayals of “chemical structures,” both as mental images and as paper tools, gradually became an accepted part of science during these years and are now regarded as one of the central defining features of chemistry. In telling this fascinating story in a manner accessible to the lay reader, Rocke also suggests that imagistic thinking is often at the heart of creative thinking in all fields. Image and Reality is the first book in the Synthesis series, a series in the history of chemistry, broadly construed, edited by Angela N. H. Creager, John E. Lesch, Stuart W. Leslie, Lawrence M. Principe, Alan Rocke, E.C. Spary, and Audra J. Wolfe, in partnership with the Chemical Heritage Foundation.

Author : Jaap Brakel
Publisher : Leuven University Press
ISBN 13 : 9789058670632
Total Pages : 268 pages
Book Rating : 4.35/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Philosophy of Chemistry written by Jaap Brakel and published by Leuven University Press. This book was released on 2000 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book addresses themes in the newly emerging discipline of philosophy of chemistry, in particular issues in connection with discussions in general philosophy of science on natural kinds, reduction and ceteris paribus laws. The philosophical issue addressed in all chapters is the relation between, on the one hand, the manifest image (the daily practice or common-sense-life-form) and on the other the scientific image, both of which claim to be the final arbiter of "everything."With respect to chemistry, the question raised is this: Where does this branch of science fit in, with the manifest or scientific image? Most philosophers and chemists probably would reply unhesitatingly, the scientific image. The aim of this book is to raise doubts about that self-evidence. It is argued that chemistry is primarily the science of manifest substances, whereas "micro" or "submicro" scientific talk--though important, useful, and insightful--does not change what matters, namely the properties of manifest substances.These manifest substances, their properties and uses cannot be reduced to talk of molecules or solutions of the Schrödinger equation. If "submicroscopic" quantum mechanics were to be wrong, it would not affect all (or any) "microlevel" chemical knowledge of molecules. If molecular chemistry were to be wrong, it wouldn't disqualify knowledge of, say, water--not at the "macrolevel" (e.g. its viscosity at 50 C), nor at the pre- or protoscientific manifest level (e.g. ice is frozen water).

Author : Horst Bredekamp
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 022625884X
Total Pages : 209 pages
Book Rating : 4.43/5 ( download)

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Download or read book The Technical Image written by Horst Bredekamp and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 209 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The use of images has been critical to the pursuit of science for centuries. This book explores, within an art historical framework how to comprehend images not as illustrative representations, but as productive agents and distinctive multi-layered elements of the epistemic process. If scientific images play a constructive role in shaping the findings and insights they illustrate, the representation of an observation in images, however mechanical, however detached from the individual researcher s choices their appearance may be, likewise becomes an instance of the style of a period, a mindset, a research collective, and a device. The Technical Image emerges from an institute in Germany, which has married art and historical analysis of technical images, and serves as a methodological reference and inspiration for visual representation in the sciences. The work opens with a series of methodological chapters that introduce a set of questions about representations in sciences and medicine, and the core of the work consists of historical case studies around specific images that in turn illustrate themes ranging from "objectivity and evidence" to "digital images." Within these case studies are also definitions and elaborations of selected terms that have in recent years become key concepts in the analysis of scientific imagery."

Author : Sebastian Normandin
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9400724454
Total Pages : 377 pages
Book Rating : 4.57/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Vitalism and the Scientific Image in Post-Enlightenment Life Science, 1800-2010 written by Sebastian Normandin and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-15 with total page 377 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Vitalism is understood as impacting the history of the life sciences, medicine and philosophy, representing an epistemological challenge to the dominance of mechanism over the last 200 years, and partly revived with organicism in early theoretical biology. The contributions in this volume portray the history of vitalism from the end of the Enlightenment to the modern day, suggesting some reassessment of what it means both historically and conceptually. As such it includes a wide range of material, employing both historical and philosophical methodologies, and it is divided fairly evenly between 19th and 20th century historical treatments and more contemporary analysis. This volume presents a significant contribution to the current literature in the history and philosophy of science and the history of medicine.

Author : Stathis Psillos
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1134619820
Total Pages : 360 pages
Book Rating : 4.25/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Scientific Realism written by Stathis Psillos and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2005-08-02 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Scientific realism is the optimistic view that modern science is on the right track. This book argues that the history of science does not undermine this notion, suggesting it as the best philosophical account of science.

Author : James Nguyen
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1009007343
Total Pages : 154 pages
Book Rating : 4.44/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Scientific Representation written by James Nguyen and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2022-09-01 with total page 154 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Element presents a philosophical exploration of the notion of scientific representation. It does so by focussing on an important class of scientific representations, namely scientific models. Models are important in the scientific process because scientists can study a model to discover features of reality. But what does it mean for something to represent something else? This is the question discussed in this Element. The authors begin by disentangling different aspects of the problem of representation and then discuss the dominant accounts in the philosophical literature: the resemblance view and inferentialism. They find them both wanting and submit that their own preferred option, the so-called DEKI account, not only eschews the problems that beset these conceptions, but further provides a comprehensive answer to the question of how scientific representation works. This title is also available as Open Access on Cambridge Core.