The Sciences

Author : David I. Spivak
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 0262320533
Total Pages : 495 pages
Book Rating : 4.35/5 ( download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Download or read book Category Theory for the Sciences written by David I. Spivak and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2014-10-17 with total page 495 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An introduction to category theory as a rigorous, flexible, and coherent modeling language that can be used across the sciences. Category theory was invented in the 1940s to unify and synthesize different areas in mathematics, and it has proven remarkably successful in enabling powerful communication between disparate fields and subfields within mathematics. This book shows that category theory can be useful outside of mathematics as a rigorous, flexible, and coherent modeling language throughout the sciences. Information is inherently dynamic; the same ideas can be organized and reorganized in countless ways, and the ability to translate between such organizational structures is becoming increasingly important in the sciences. Category theory offers a unifying framework for information modeling that can facilitate the translation of knowledge between disciplines. Written in an engaging and straightforward style, and assuming little background in mathematics, the book is rigorous but accessible to non-mathematicians. Using databases as an entry to category theory, it begins with sets and functions, then introduces the reader to notions that are fundamental in mathematics: monoids, groups, orders, and graphs—categories in disguise. After explaining the “big three” concepts of category theory—categories, functors, and natural transformations—the book covers other topics, including limits, colimits, functor categories, sheaves, monads, and operads. The book explains category theory by examples and exercises rather than focusing on theorems and proofs. It includes more than 300 exercises, with solutions. Category Theory for the Sciences is intended to create a bridge between the vast array of mathematical concepts used by mathematicians and the models and frameworks of such scientific disciplines as computation, neuroscience, and physics.

Author : Herbert Alexander Simon
Publisher : MIT Press (MA)
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 156 pages
Book Rating : 4.16/5 ( download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Download or read book The Sciences of the Artificial written by Herbert Alexander Simon and published by MIT Press (MA). This book was released on 1969 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Sciences of the Artificialreveals the design of an intellectual structure aimed at accommodating those empirical phenomena that are "artificial" rather than "natural." The goal is to show how empirical sciences of artificial systems are possible, even in the face of the contingent and teleological character of the phenomena, their attributes of choice and purpose. Developing in some detail two specific examples—human psychology and engineering design—Professor Simon describes the shape of these sciences as they are emerging from developments of the past 25 years. "Artificial" is used here in a very specific sense: to denote systems that have a given form and behavior only because they adapt (or are adapted), in reference to goals or purposes, to their environment. Thus, both man-made artifacts and man himself, in terms of his behavior, are artificial. Simon characterizes an artificial system as an interface between two environments—inner and outer. These environments lie in the province of "natural science," but the interface, linking them, is the realm of "artificial science." When an artificial system adapts successfully, its behavior shows mostly the shape of the outer environment and reveals little of the structure or mechanisms of the inner. The inner environment becomes significant for behavior only when a system reaches the limits of its rationality and adaptability, and contingency degenerates into necessity.

Author : David Cahan
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 9780226089270
Total Pages : 480 pages
Book Rating : 4.74/5 ( download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Download or read book From Natural Philosophy to the Sciences written by David Cahan and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2003-09-15 with total page 480 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the 19th century, much of the modern scientific enterprise took shape: scientific disciplines were formed, institutions and communities were founded and unprecedented applications to and interactions with other aspects of society and culture occurred. taught us about this exciting time and identify issues that remain unexamined or require reconsideration. They treat scientific disciplines - biology, physics, chemistry, the earth sciences, mathematics and the social sciences - in their specific intellectual and sociocultural contexts as well as the broader topics of science and medicine; science and religion; scientific institutions and communities; and science, technology and industry. From Natural Philosophy to the Sciences should be valuable for historians of science, but also of great interest to scholars of all aspects of 19th-century life and culture.

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 638 pages
Book Rating : 4.61/5 ( download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Download or read book A History of the Sciences written by and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 638 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Author : Marina Frasca-Spada
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521659390
Total Pages : 460 pages
Book Rating : 4.96/5 ( download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Download or read book Books and the Sciences in History written by Marina Frasca-Spada and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2000-11-02 with total page 460 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book, published in 2000, examines the intersection between science and books from early medieval times to the nineteenth century.

Author : Filmer Stuart Cuckow Northrop
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 402 pages
Book Rating : 4.43/5 ( download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Download or read book The Logic of the Sciences and the Humanities written by Filmer Stuart Cuckow Northrop and published by . This book was released on 1959 with total page 402 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Author : Norbert M. Seel
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1441914277
Total Pages : 3643 pages
Book Rating : 4.79/5 ( download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Download or read book Encyclopedia of the Sciences of Learning written by Norbert M. Seel and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-10-05 with total page 3643 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the past century, educational psychologists and researchers have posited many theories to explain how individuals learn, i.e. how they acquire, organize and deploy knowledge and skills. The 20th century can be considered the century of psychology on learning and related fields of interest (such as motivation, cognition, metacognition etc.) and it is fascinating to see the various mainstreams of learning, remembered and forgotten over the 20th century and note that basic assumptions of early theories survived several paradigm shifts of psychology and epistemology. Beyond folk psychology and its naïve theories of learning, psychological learning theories can be grouped into some basic categories, such as behaviorist learning theories, connectionist learning theories, cognitive learning theories, constructivist learning theories, and social learning theories. Learning theories are not limited to psychology and related fields of interest but rather we can find the topic of learning in various disciplines, such as philosophy and epistemology, education, information science, biology, and – as a result of the emergence of computer technologies – especially also in the field of computer sciences and artificial intelligence. As a consequence, machine learning struck a chord in the 1980s and became an important field of the learning sciences in general. As the learning sciences became more specialized and complex, the various fields of interest were widely spread and separated from each other; as a consequence, even presently, there is no comprehensive overview of the sciences of learning or the central theoretical concepts and vocabulary on which researchers rely. The Encyclopedia of the Sciences of Learning provides an up-to-date, broad and authoritative coverage of the specific terms mostly used in the sciences of learning and its related fields, including relevant areas of instruction, pedagogy, cognitive sciences, and especially machine learning and knowledge engineering. This modern compendium will be an indispensable source of information for scientists, educators, engineers, and technical staff active in all fields of learning. More specifically, the Encyclopedia provides fast access to the most relevant theoretical terms provides up-to-date, broad and authoritative coverage of the most important theories within the various fields of the learning sciences and adjacent sciences and communication technologies; supplies clear and precise explanations of the theoretical terms, cross-references to related entries and up-to-date references to important research and publications. The Encyclopedia also contains biographical entries of individuals who have substantially contributed to the sciences of learning; the entries are written by a distinguished panel of researchers in the various fields of the learning sciences.

Author : Jean-Henri Fabre
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 426 pages
Book Rating : 4.80/5 ( download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Download or read book The Story-book of Science written by Jean-Henri Fabre and published by . This book was released on 1917 with total page 426 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A book about metals, plants, animals, and planets.

Author : Dan Rockmore
Publisher : Dartmouth College Press
ISBN 13 : 1512601039
Total Pages : 378 pages
Book Rating : 4.39/5 ( download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Download or read book What Are the Arts and Sciences? written by Dan Rockmore and published by Dartmouth College Press. This book was released on 2017-06-06 with total page 378 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What constitutes the study of philosophy or physics? What exactly does an anthropologist do, or a geologist or historian? In short, what are the arts and sciences? While many of us have been to college and many aspire to go, we may still wonder just what the various disciplines represent and how they interact. What are their origins, methods, applications, and unique challenges? What kind of people elect to go into each of these fields, and what are the big issues that motivate them? Curious to explore these questions himself, Dartmouth College professor and mathematician Dan Rockmore asked his colleagues to explain their fields and what it is that they do. The result is an accessible, entertaining, and enlightening survey of the ideas and subjects that contribute to a liberal education. The book offers a doorway to the arts and sciences for anyone intrigued by the vast world of ideas.

Author : Herbert A. Simon
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 0262537532
Total Pages : 256 pages
Book Rating : 4.37/5 ( download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Download or read book The Sciences of the Artificial, reissue of the third edition with a new introduction by John Laird written by Herbert A. Simon and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2019-08-13 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Herbert Simon's classic work on artificial intelligence in the expanded and updated third edition from 1996, with a new introduction by John E. Laird. Herbert Simon's classic and influential The Sciences of the Artificial declares definitively that there can be a science not only of natural phenomena but also of what is artificial. Exploring the commonalities of artificial systems, including economic systems, the business firm, artificial intelligence, complex engineering projects, and social plans, Simon argues that designed systems are a valid field of study, and he proposes a science of design. For this third edition, originally published in 1996, Simon added new material that takes into account advances in cognitive psychology and the science of design while confirming and extending the book's basic thesis: that a physical symbol system has the necessary and sufficient means for intelligent action. Simon won the Nobel Prize for Economics in 1978 for his research into the decision-making process within economic organizations and the Turing Award (considered by some the computer science equivalent to the Nobel) with Allen Newell in 1975 for contributions to artificial intelligence, the psychology of human cognition, and list processing. The Sciences of the Artificial distills the essence of Simon's thought accessibly and coherently. This reissue of the third edition makes a pioneering work available to a new audience.