The Radiation Legacy Of The Soviet Nuclear Complex

Author : Nikolai N. Egorov
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1134197144
Total Pages : 277 pages
Book Rating : 4.49/5 ( download)

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Download or read book The Radiation Legacy of the Soviet Nuclear Complex written by Nikolai N. Egorov and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-04-08 with total page 277 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A study of the legacy of nuclear contamination in the Soviet Union. It gives the location and characteristics of the accumulated radioactive material and wastes by each sector, from ore and mining to use and disposal. It describes types of storage, capacity and utilization, age and location. It gives information on the territories and locations contaminated, by normal operations and by accidents, from which strategic plans for remediation can be formulated.

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.98/5 ( download)

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Download or read book The Radiation Legacy of the Soviet Nuclear Complex written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Author : N. D. Rosenberg
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.20/5 ( download)

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Download or read book International Cooperation to Address the Radioactive Legacy in States of the Former Soviet Union written by N. D. Rosenberg and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The end of the Cold War allows a comprehensive assessment of the nature and extent of the residual contamination derivative from the atomic defense and nuclear power enterprise in the former Soviet Union. The size of the problem is considerable; some 6.3 x 10{sup 7} TBq (6.4 x 10{sup 8} m{sup 3}) of radioactive waste from the Soviet Union weapons and power complex was produced throughout all stages of the nuclear fuel cycle. The resulting contamination occurs at sites throughout the former Soviet Union where nuclear fuels were mined, milled, enriched, fabricated, and used in defense and power reactors. In addition, liquid radioactive wastes from nuclear reprocessing have been discharged to lakes, rivers, reservoirs and other surface impoundments; military and civilian naval reactor effluents were released to sea as well as stabilized on land. Finally, nuclear testing residuals from atmospheric and underground nuclear tests at the Semipalatinsk and Novaya Zemlya test sites and peaceful nuclear tests conducted throughout the area of the former Soviet Union pose risks to human health and the environment. Through a program of international scientific exchange, cooperative approaches to address these threats provide former Soviet scientists with expertise and technologies developed in the United States, Europe, and elsewhere to design comprehensive and long term remedial solutions. The role of the international community to address these challenges is essential because the emerging states of the former Soviet Union share common nuclear residuals that cross newly established national borders. In addition, the widespread post-Soviet radioactive contamination hampers economic recovery and--in some cases--poses proliferation concerns. Also important is the widespread perception throughout these countries that the Soviet nuclear legacy poses a grave threat to the human population. A new paradigm of ''national security'' encompasses more than the historical activities of nuclear weapon production, testing, and deterrence and now includes the environment, human and economic health, and the proliferation of weapons-of-mass destruction. For these reasons the fall of the Soviet Union provides a new imperative and opportunity for systematic, comprehensive and interdisciplinary international efforts to begin to solve these important environmental problems. The environmental degradation from nuclear contamination affecting states of the former Soviet Union is a large topic, and a full description is outside the scope of this paper. A comprehensive overview of environmental concerns and radioactive waste production, inventories, and impacted sites is provided by others. Portions of the summaries provided here are drawn from these works.

Author : Edward Teller
Publisher : Praeger
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 346 pages
Book Rating : 4.71/5 ( download)

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Download or read book The Legacy of Hiroshima written by Edward Teller and published by Praeger. This book was released on 1975 with total page 346 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Author : César Sequeira
Publisher : Woodhead Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1782424393
Total Pages : 549 pages
Book Rating : 4.90/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Chemistry, Energy and the Environment written by César Sequeira and published by Woodhead Publishing. This book was released on 2014-01-30 with total page 549 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Focuses on key developments in the environmentally-friendly production of energy and its conservation through an enhanced understanding of the chemical processes involved.

Author : Marco De Andreis
Publisher : SIPRI Research Reports
ISBN 13 : 9780198291978
Total Pages : 148 pages
Book Rating : 4.73/5 ( download)

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Download or read book The Soviet Nuclear Weapon Legacy written by Marco De Andreis and published by SIPRI Research Reports. This book was released on 1995 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The breakup of the Soviet Union left a cold war nuclear legacy consisting of tens of thousands of nuclear weapons and a sprawling infrastructure for their production and maintenance. This book examines the fate of this vast nuclear weapon complex and the unprecedented non-proliferation challenges associated with the breakup of a nuclear weapon state. It describes the high-level diplomatic bargaining efforts to consolidate in Russia the nuclear weapons based in newly independent Belarus, Kazakhstan and Ukraine and to strengthen central control over these weapons. It surveys the problems associated with dismantling nuclear weapons and the difficulties involved in safely storing and disposing of large stockpiles of fissile material. It reviews the key provisions of the principal nuclear arms control measures and initiatives, including the START I and START II treaties. Finally, the book assesses the contribution of international assistance programmes to the denuclearization process under way in the former Soviet Union.

Author : Dennis Bley
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9401000972
Total Pages : 404 pages
Book Rating : 4.70/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Risk Methodologies for Technological Legacies written by Dennis Bley and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 404 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Cold War Era left the major participants, the United States and the former Soviet Union (FSU), with large legacies in terms of both contamination and potential accidents. Facility contamination and environmental degradation, as well as the accident vulnerable facilities and equipment, are a result of weapons development, testing, and production. Although the countries face similar issues from similar activities, important differences in waste management practices make the potential environmental and health risks of more immediate concern in the FSU and Eastern Europe. In the West, most nuclear and chemical waste is stored in known contained locations, while in the East, much of the equivalent material is unconfined, contaminating the environment. In the past decade, the U.S. started to address and remediate these Cold War legacies. Costs have been very high, and the projected cost estimates for total cleanup are still increasing. Currently in Russia, the resources for starting such major activities continue to be unavailable.

Author : Russian Academy of Sciences
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309177367
Total Pages : 235 pages
Book Rating : 4.68/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Cleaning Up Sites Contaminated with Radioactive Materials written by Russian Academy of Sciences and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2009-01-23 with total page 235 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This publication features papers presented at the Workshop on Cleaning Up Sites Contaminated with Radioactive Materials, held in Moscow in June 2007. This activity was organized by the National Academies in cooperation with the Russian Academy of Sciences and with funding provided by the Russell Family Foundation. The workshop was designed to promote exchanges of information on specific contaminated sites in Russia and elsewhere and to stimulate greater attention to the severity of the problems and the urgent need to clean up sites of concern to the local and international communities.

Author : Jonathan D. Oldfield
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1000393348
Total Pages : 146 pages
Book Rating : 4.47/5 ( download)

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Download or read book The Soviet Union and Global Environmental Change written by Jonathan D. Oldfield and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2021-05-26 with total page 146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book argues that the Soviet Union was a highly influential actor in furthering understandings of society-nature interaction on the international stage and played a key role in helping to shape, conceptualize and assess the relationship between humankind and the Earth system. It considers how humankind’s capacity to affect physical and biological systems at a global scale was acknowledged and studied by Soviet scientists, discusses how the interaction between Soviet and Western scientists stimulated the development of new technologies and insights, which simultaneously facilitated a more profound understanding of the Earth’s physical and biological systems, and explores how Soviet scientists drew upon pre-revolutionary intellectual traditions in order to make sense of society-nature interaction and did so in collaboration with a range of international initiatives. Overall, the book provides a deep analysis of how Soviet scientists conceptualized society-nature interaction and influenced the understanding of global physical and biological systems. Furthermore, it is argued that this intellectual legacy remains of importance today with respect to the activities of Russian science and contemporary global environmental challenges.

Author : Akira Iriye
Publisher : Harvard University Press
ISBN 13 : 0674045726
Total Pages : 1004 pages
Book Rating : 4.29/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Global Interdependence written by Akira Iriye and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2014-01-14 with total page 1004 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Global Interdependence provides a new account of world history from the end of World War II to the present, an era when transnational communities began to challenge the long domination of the nation-state. In this single-volume survey, leading scholars elucidate the political, economic, cultural, and environmental forces that have shaped the planet in the past sixty years. Offering fresh insight into international politics since 1945, Wilfried Loth examines how miscalculations by both the United States and the Soviet Union brought about a Cold War conflict that was not necessarily inevitable. Thomas Zeiler explains how American free-market principles spurred the creation of an entirely new economic order--a global system in which goods and money flowed across national borders at an unprecedented rate, fueling growth for some nations while also creating inequalities in large parts of the Middle East, Latin America, and Africa. From an environmental viewpoint, J. R. McNeill and Peter Engelke contend that humanity has entered a new epoch, the Anthropocene era, in which massive industrialization and population growth have become the most powerful influences upon global ecology. Petra Goedde analyzes how globalization has impacted indigenous cultures and questions the extent to which a generic culture has erased distinctiveness and authenticity. She shows how, paradoxically, the more cultures blended, the more diversified they became as well. Combining these different perspectives, volume editor Akira Iriye presents a model of transnational historiography in which individuals and groups enter history not primarily as citizens of a country but as migrants, tourists, artists, and missionaries--actors who create networks that transcend traditional geopolitical boundaries.