The Many Valued and Nonmonotonic Turn in Logic

Download The Many Valued and Nonmonotonic Turn in Logic PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 008054939X
Total Pages : 691 pages
Book Rating : 4.92/5 ( download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis The Many Valued and Nonmonotonic Turn in Logic by : Dov M. Gabbay

Download or read book The Many Valued and Nonmonotonic Turn in Logic written by Dov M. Gabbay and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2007-08-13 with total page 691 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The present volume of the Handbook of the History of Logic brings together two of the most important developments in 20th century non-classical logic. These are many-valuedness and non-monotonicity. On the one approach, in deference to vagueness, temporal or quantum indeterminacy or reference-failure, sentences that are classically non-bivalent are allowed as inputs and outputs to consequence relations. Many-valued, dialetheic, fuzzy and quantum logics are, among other things, principled attempts to regulate the flow-through of sentences that are neither true nor false. On the second, or non-monotonic, approach, constraints are placed on inputs (and sometimes on outputs) of a classical consequence relation, with a view to producing a notion of consequence that serves in a more realistic way the requirements of real-life inference. Many-valued logics produce an interesting problem. Non-bivalent inputs produce classically valid consequence statements, for any choice of outputs. A major task of many-valued logics of all stripes is to fashion an appropriately non-classical relation of consequence.The chief preoccupation of non-monotonic (and default) logicians is how to constrain inputs and outputs of the consequence relation. In what is called “left non-monotonicity , it is forbidden to add new sentences to the inputs of true consequence-statements. The restriction takes notice of the fact that new information will sometimes override an antecedently (and reasonably) derived consequence. In what is called “right non-monotonicity , limitations are imposed on outputs of the consequence relation. Most notably, perhaps, is the requirement that the rule of or-introduction not be given free sway on outputs. Also prominent is the effort of paraconsistent logicians, both preservationist and dialetheic, to limit the outputs of inconsistent inputs, which in classical contexts are wholly unconstrained.In some instances, our two themes coincide. Dialetheic logics are a case in point. Dialetheic logics allow certain selected sentences to have, as a third truth value, the classical values of truth and falsity together. So such logics also admit classically inconsistent inputs. A central task is to construct a right non-monotonic consequence relation that allows for these many-valued, and inconsistent, inputs.The Many Valued and Non-Monotonic Turn in Logic is an indispensable research tool for anyone interested in the development of logic, including researchers, graduate and senior undergraduate students in logic, history of logic, mathematics, history of mathematics, computer science, AI, linguistics, cognitive science, argumentation theory, and the history of ideas. Detailed and comprehensive chapters covering the entire range of modal logic. Contains the latest scholarly discoveries and interprative insights that answers many questions in the field of logic.

Pluralism, Transnationalism and Culture in Asian Law

Download Pluralism, Transnationalism and Culture in Asian Law PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Flipside Digital Content Company Inc.
ISBN 13 : 9814786675
Total Pages : 318 pages
Book Rating : 4.76/5 ( download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Pluralism, Transnationalism and Culture in Asian Law by : Gary F Bell

Download or read book Pluralism, Transnationalism and Culture in Asian Law written by Gary F Bell and published by Flipside Digital Content Company Inc.. This book was released on 2018-02-14 with total page 318 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book stems from a symposium held at the Faculty of Law of the National University of Singapore in honour of the pioneer in the field of legal pluralism, Professor M.B. Hooker. It gathers essays from admirers and friends who add their own contributions on legal pluralism, transnationalism and culture in Asia. The book opens with an account of M.B. Hooker colourful and prolific career. The authors then approach legal pluralism through legal theory, legal anthropology, comparative law, law and religion, constitutional law, even Islamic art, thus reflecting the broad approaches of Professor Hooker's scholarship. While most of the book focuses mainly on Southeast Asia, it also reaches out to all of Asia up to Israel, and even includes a chapter comparing Indonesia and Egypt.

R-Calculus, II: Many-Valued Logics

Download R-Calculus, II: Many-Valued Logics PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 9811692947
Total Pages : 281 pages
Book Rating : 4.49/5 ( download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis R-Calculus, II: Many-Valued Logics by : Wei Li

Download or read book R-Calculus, II: Many-Valued Logics written by Wei Li and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-04-12 with total page 281 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This second volume of the book series shows R-calculus is a combination of one monotonic tableau proof system and one non-monotonic one. The R-calculus is a Gentzen-type deduction system which is non-monotonic, and is a concrete belief revision operator which is proved to satisfy the AGM postulates and the DP postulates. It discusses the algebraical and logical properties of tableau proof systems and R-calculi in many-valued logics. This book offers a rich blend of theory and practice. It is suitable for students, researchers and practitioners in the field of logic. Also it is very useful for all those who are interested in data, digitization and correctness and consistency of information, in modal logics, non monotonic logics, decidable/undecidable logics, logic programming, description logics, default logics and semantic inheritance networks.

R-Calculus, III: Post Three-Valued Logic

Download R-Calculus, III: Post Three-Valued Logic PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 9811942706
Total Pages : 284 pages
Book Rating : 4.09/5 ( download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis R-Calculus, III: Post Three-Valued Logic by : Wei Li

Download or read book R-Calculus, III: Post Three-Valued Logic written by Wei Li and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-11-19 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This third volume of the book series shows R-calculus is a Gentzen-typed deduction system which is non-monotonic, and is a concrete belief revision operator which is proved to satisfy the AGM postulates and the DP postulates. In this book, R-calculus is taken as Tableau-based/sequent-based/multisequent-based to preserve the satisfiability of the Theory/sequent/multisequent to revise, or sequent-based, to preserve the satisfiability of the sequent to revise. The R-calculi for Post and three-valued logic is given. This book offers a rich blend of theory and practice. It is suitable for students, researchers and practitioners in the field of logic.

Deductive Systems in Traditional and Modern Logic

Download Deductive Systems in Traditional and Modern Logic PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : MDPI
ISBN 13 : 303943358X
Total Pages : 298 pages
Book Rating : 4.82/5 ( download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Deductive Systems in Traditional and Modern Logic by : Alex Citkin

Download or read book Deductive Systems in Traditional and Modern Logic written by Alex Citkin and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2020-11-18 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book provides a contemporary view on different aspects of the deductive systems in various types of logics including term logics, propositional logics, logics of refutation, non-Fregean logics, higher order logics and arithmetic.

R-Calculus, IV: Propositional Logic

Download R-Calculus, IV: Propositional Logic PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 9811986339
Total Pages : 264 pages
Book Rating : 4.38/5 ( download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis R-Calculus, IV: Propositional Logic by : Wei Li

Download or read book R-Calculus, IV: Propositional Logic written by Wei Li and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-03-27 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This fourth volume of the book series combines propositional logic and R-calculus for a new point of view to consider belief revision. It gives the R-calculi for propositional logic, description logics, propositional modal logic, logic programming, ⇝-propositional logic, semantic networks, and three-valued logic, etc.. Applications of R-calculus in logic of supersequents are also given. This book offers a rich blend of theory and practice. It is suitable for students, researchers and practitioners in the field of logic.

Transnational Law

Download Transnational Law PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1107028310
Total Pages : 411 pages
Book Rating : 4.19/5 ( download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Transnational Law by : Miguel Maduro

Download or read book Transnational Law written by Miguel Maduro and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2014-05 with total page 411 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines the effects of law's de-nationalisation by placing European law in the context of transnational law.

Relations: Concrete, Abstract, And Applied - An Introduction

Download Relations: Concrete, Abstract, And Applied - An Introduction PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : World Scientific
ISBN 13 : 9811220360
Total Pages : 573 pages
Book Rating : 4.64/5 ( download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Relations: Concrete, Abstract, And Applied - An Introduction by : Herbert Toth

Download or read book Relations: Concrete, Abstract, And Applied - An Introduction written by Herbert Toth and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2020-06-22 with total page 573 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book is intended as an invitation to the topic of relations on a rather general basis. It fills the gap between the basic knowledge offered in countless introductory papers and books (usually comprising orders and equivalences) and the highly specialized monographs on mainly relation algebras, many-valued (fuzzy) relations, or graphs. This is done not only by presenting theoretical results but also by giving hints to some of the many interesting application areas (also including their respective theoretical basics).This book is a new — and the first of its kind — compilation of known results on binary relations. It offers relational concepts in both reasonable depth and broadness, and also provides insight into the vast diversity of theoretical results as well as application possibilities beyond the commonly known examples.This book is unique by the spectrum of the topics it handles. As indicated in its title these are:

David Makinson on Classical Methods for Non-Classical Problems

Download David Makinson on Classical Methods for Non-Classical Problems PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9400777590
Total Pages : 432 pages
Book Rating : 4.90/5 ( download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis David Makinson on Classical Methods for Non-Classical Problems by : Sven Ove Hansson

Download or read book David Makinson on Classical Methods for Non-Classical Problems written by Sven Ove Hansson and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-12-20 with total page 432 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The volume analyses and develops David Makinson’s efforts to make classical logic useful outside its most obvious application areas. The book contains chapters that analyse, appraise, or reshape Makinson’s work and chapters that develop themes emerging from his contributions. These are grouped into major areas to which Makinsons has made highly influential contributions and the volume in its entirety is divided into four sections, each devoted to a particular area of logic: belief change, uncertain reasoning, normative systems and the resources of classical logic. Among the contributions included in the volume, one chapter focuses on the “inferential preferential method”, i.e. the combined use of classical logic and mechanisms of preference and choice and provides examples from Makinson’s work in non-monotonic and defeasible reasoning and belief revision. One chapter offers a short autobiography by Makinson which details his discovery of modern logic, his travels across continents and reveals his intellectual encounters and inspirations. The chapter also contains an unusually explicit statement on his views on the (limited but important) role of logic in philosophy.

CRITIQUE OF IMPURE REASON

Download CRITIQUE OF IMPURE REASON PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Studies in Theory and Behavior
ISBN 13 : 0578886464
Total Pages : 886 pages
Book Rating : 4.66/5 ( download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis CRITIQUE OF IMPURE REASON by : Steven James Bartlett

Download or read book CRITIQUE OF IMPURE REASON written by Steven James Bartlett and published by Studies in Theory and Behavior. This book was released on 2021-09-01 with total page 886 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Critique of Impure Reason: Horizons of Possibility and Meaning comprises a major and important contribution to philosophy. It inaugurates a revolutionary paradigm shift in philosophical thought by providing compelling and long-sought-for solutions to a wide range of philosophical problems. In the process, the massive work fundamentally transforms the way in which the concepts of reference, meaning, and possibility are understood. The book includes a Foreword by the celebrated German philosopher and physicist Carl Friedrich von Weizsäcker. In Kant’s Critique of Pure Reason we find an analysis of the preconditions of experience and of knowledge. In contrast, but yet in parallel, the new Critique focuses upon the ways—unfortunately very widespread and often unselfconsciously habitual—in which many of the concepts that we employ conflict with the very preconditions of meaning and of knowledge. This is a book about the boundaries of frameworks and about the unrecognized conceptual confusions in which we become entangled when we attempt to transgress beyond the limits of the possible and meaningful. We tend either not to recognize or not to accept that we all-too-often attempt to trespass beyond the boundaries of the frameworks that make knowledge possible and the world meaningful. The Critique of Impure Reason proposes a bold, ground-breaking, and startling thesis: that a great many of the major philosophical problems of the past can be solved through the recognition of a viciously deceptive form of thinking to which philosophers as well as non-philosophers commonly fall victim. For the first time, the book advances and justifies the criticism that a substantial number of the questions that have occupied philosophers fall into the category of “impure reason,” violating the very conditions of their possible meaningfulness. The purpose of the study is twofold: first, to enable us to recognize the boundaries of what is referentially forbidden—the limits beyond which reference becomes meaningless—and second, to avoid falling victims to a certain broad class of conceptual confusions that lie at the heart of many major philosophical problems. As a consequence, the boundaries of possible meaning are determined. Bartlett, the author or editor of more than 20 books, is responsible for identifying this widespread and delusion-inducing variety of error, metalogical projection. It is a previously unrecognized and insidious form of erroneous thinking that undermines its own possibility of meaning. It comes about as a result of the pervasive human compulsion to seek to transcend the limits of possible reference and meaning. Based on original research and rigorous analysis combined with extensive scholarship, the Critique of Impure Reason develops a self-validating method that makes it possible to recognize, correct, and eliminate this major and pervasive form of fallacious thinking. In so doing, the book provides at last provable and constructive solutions to a wide range of major philosophical problems. CONTENTS AT A GLANCE Preface Foreword by Carl Friedrich von Weizsäcker Acknowledgments Avant-propos: A philosopher’s rallying call Introduction A note to the reader A note on conventions PART I WHY PHILOSOPHY HAS MADE NO PROGRESS AND HOW IT CAN 1 Philosophical-psychological prelude 2 Putting belief in its place: Its psychology and a needed polemic 3 Turning away from the linguistic turn: From theory of reference to metalogic of reference 4 The stepladder to maximum theoretical generality PART II THE METALOGIC OF REFERENCE A New Approach to Deductive, Transcendental Philosophy 5 Reference, identity, and identification 6 Self-referential argument and the metalogic of reference 7 Possibility theory 8 Presupposition logic, reference, and identification 9 Transcendental argumentation and the metalogic of reference 10 Framework relativity 11 The metalogic of meaning 12 The problem of putative meaning and the logic of meaninglessness 13 Projection 14 Horizons 15 De-projection 16 Self-validation 17 Rationality: Rules of admissibility PART III PHILOSOPHICAL APPLICATIONS OF THE METALOGIC OF REFERENCE Major Problems and Questions of Philosophy and the Philosophy of Science 18 Ontology and the metalogic of reference 19 Discovery or invention in general problem-solving, mathematics, and physics 20 The conceptually unreachable: “The far side” 21 The projections of the external world, things-in-themselves, other minds, realism, and idealism 22 The projections of time, space, and space-time 23 The projections of causality, determinism, and free will 24 Projections of the self and of solipsism 25 Non-relational, agentless reference and referential fields 26 Relativity physics as seen through the lens of the metalogic of reference 27 Quantum theory as seen through the lens of the metalogic of reference 28 Epistemological lessons learned from and applicable to relativity physics and quantum theory PART IV HORIZONS 29 Beyond belief 30 Critique of Impure Reason: Its results in retrospect SUPPLEMENT The Formal Structure of the Metalogic of Reference APPENDIX I: The Concept of Horizon in the Work of Other Philosophers APPENDIX II: Epistemological Intelligence References Index About the author