The Discovery Of Practical Reason Plato Aristotle And The Development Of A Notion Of Deliberation

Author : David Vincent Johnson
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 828 pages
Book Rating : 4.01/5 ( download)

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Download or read book The Discovery of Practical Reason : Plato, Aristotle, and the Development of a Notion of Deliberation written by David Vincent Johnson and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 828 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Author : C. M. M. Olfert
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0190695374
Total Pages : 256 pages
Book Rating : 4.78/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Aristotle on Practical Truth written by C. M. M. Olfert and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2017-09-06 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Aristotle's theories of truth, practical reasoning, and action are some of the most influential theories in the history of philosophy. It is surprising, then, that so little attention has been given to his notion of practical truth. In Aristotle on Practical Truth, C.M.M. Olfert gives the first book-length treatment of this notion and the role of truth in our practical lives overall. She offers a novel account of practical truth: practical truth is the distinguishing function (ergon) of our capacity for practical reason, and it is a special kind of truth which shares a standard of correctness with our desires. According to this account, practical truth is the truth about what is good simpliciter (haplôs) for a particular person in her particular situation. As such, it conforms to Aristotle's technical theory of truth. Olfert argues that, understood in this way, Aristotle's notion of practical truth is an attractive idea that illuminates the core of his practical philosophy. But it is also an idea that challenges a common view, often attributed to Aristotle, that in practical reasoning, we aim at action or acting well as our primary goals, while in theoretical reasoning, we aim primarily at truth and knowledge. Olfert shows that in dialogues such as Charmides, Protagoras, and Republic, Plato describes practical reasoning as being concerned equally and inseparably with grasping the truth and with acting well. She then argues that Aristotle develops this Platonic picture with his notion of practical truth, and with a technical notion of rational action as fitting ourselves to the world. Using key texts from the Nicomachean and Eudemian Ethics, as well as De Anima, Metaphysics, De Interpretatione and Categories, among others, Olfert demonstrates that practical truth deserves to be taken seriously as a central and plausible Aristotelian idea.

Author : Francesca Alesse
Publisher : BRILL
ISBN 13 : 9004385398
Total Pages : 285 pages
Book Rating : 4.99/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Aristotle on Prescription written by Francesca Alesse and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2018-10-22 with total page 285 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Aristotle on Prescription explores Aristotle’s deep reflections on rule-making as a process that is both distinct from that of particular deliberation and decision-making and fundamental to it, operating at the level both of the individual and of society as a whole.

Author : Christine Marion Korsgaard
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN 13 : 0191564591
Total Pages : 357 pages
Book Rating : 4.98/5 ( download)

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Download or read book The Constitution of Agency written by Christine Marion Korsgaard and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2014-05-14 with total page 357 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Christine M. Korsgaard is one of today's leading moral philosophers: this volume collects ten influential papers by her on practical reason and moral psychology. Korsgaard draws on the work of important figures in the history of philosophy such as Plato, Aristotle, Kant, and Hume, showing how their ideas can inform the solution of contemporary and traditional philosophical problems, such as the foundations of morality and practical reason, the nature of agency, and the role of the emotions in action. In Part 1, The Principles of Practical Reason, Korsgaard defends the view that the principles of practical reason are constitutive principles of action. By governing our actions in accordance with Kant's categorical imperative and the principle of instrumental reason, she argues, we take control of our own movements and so render ourselves active, self-determining beings. She criticizes rival attempts to give a normative foundation to the principles of practical reason, challenges the claims of the principle of maximizing one's own interests to be a rational principle, and argues for some deep continuities between Plato's account of the connection between justice and agency and Kant's account of the connection between autonomy and agency. In Part II, Moral Virtue and Moral Psychology, Korsgaard takes up the question of the role of our more passive or receptive faculties--our emotions and responses --in constituting our agency. She sketches a reading of the Nicomachean Ethics, based on the idea that our emotions can serve as perceptions of good and evil, and argues that this view of the emotions is at the root of the apparent differences between Aristotle and Kant's accounts of morality. She argues that in fact, Aristotle and Kant share a distinctive view about the locus of moral value and the nature of human choice that, among other things, gives them account of what it means to act rationally that is superior to other accounts. In Part III, Other Reflections, Korsgaard takes up question how we come to view one another as moral agents in Hume's philosophy. She examines the possible clash between the agency of the state and that of the individual that led to Kant's paradoxical views about revolution. And finally, she discusses her methodology in an account of what it means to be a constructivist moral philosopher. The essays are united by an introduction in which Korsgaard explains their connections to each other and to her current work.

Author : C. M. M. Olfert
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0190281014
Total Pages : 256 pages
Book Rating : 4.14/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Aristotle on Practical Truth written by C. M. M. Olfert and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2017-09-06 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Aristotle's theories of truth, practical reasoning, and action are some of the most influential theories in the history of philosophy. It is surprising, then, that so little attention has been given to his notion of practical truth. In Aristotle on Practical Truth, C.M.M. Olfert gives the first book-length treatment of this notion and the role of truth in our practical lives overall. She offers a novel account of practical truth: practical truth is the distinguishing function (ergon) of our capacity for practical reason, and it is a special kind of truth which shares a standard of correctness with our desires. According to this account, practical truth is the truth about what is good simpliciter (haplôs) for a particular person in her particular situation. As such, it conforms to Aristotle's technical theory of truth. Olfert argues that, understood in this way, Aristotle's notion of practical truth is an attractive idea that illuminates the core of his practical philosophy. But it is also an idea that challenges a common view, often attributed to Aristotle, that in practical reasoning, we aim at action or acting well as our primary goals, while in theoretical reasoning, we aim primarily at truth and knowledge. Olfert shows that in dialogues such as Charmides, Protagoras, and Republic, Plato describes practical reasoning as being concerned equally and inseparably with grasping the truth and with acting well. She then argues that Aristotle develops this Platonic picture with his notion of practical truth, and with a technical notion of rational action as fitting ourselves to the world. Using key texts from the Nicomachean and Eudemian Ethics, as well as De Anima, Metaphysics, De Interpretatione and Categories, among others, Olfert demonstrates that practical truth deserves to be taken seriously as a central and plausible Aristotelian idea.

Author : Pavlos Kontos
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1000399095
Total Pages : 300 pages
Book Rating : 4.97/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Aristotle on the Scope of Practical Reason written by Pavlos Kontos and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2021-06-10 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers a new account of Aristotle’s practical philosophy. Pavlos Kontos argues that Aristotle does not restrict practical reason to its action-guiding and motivational role; rather, practical reason remains practical in the full sense of the term even when its exercise does not immediately concern the guidance of our present actions. To elucidate why this wider scope of practical reason is important, Kontos brings into the foreground five protagonists that have long been overlooked: (a) spectators or judges who make non-motivational judgments about practical matters that do not interact with their present deliberations and actions; (b) legislators who exercise practical reason to establish constitutions and laws; (c) hopes as an active engagement with moral luck and its impact on our individual lives; (d) prayers as legislators’ way to deal with the moral luck hovering around the birth of constitutions and the prospect of a utopia; and (e) people who are outsiders or marginal cases of the responsibility community because they are totally deprived of practical reason. Building on a wide range of interpretations of Aristotle’s practical philosophy (from the ancient commentators to contemporary analytic and continental philosophers), Kontos offers new insights about Aristotle’s philosophical contribution to the current debates about radical evil, moral luck, hope, utopia, internalism and externalism, and the philosophy of law. Aristotle on the Scope of Practical Reason will appeal to researchers and advanced students interested in Aristotle’s ethics, ancient philosophy, and the history of practical philosophy.

Author : Aristotle
Publisher : Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
ISBN 13 : 9781539784388
Total Pages : 152 pages
Book Rating : 4.8X/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Nicomachean Ethics written by Aristotle and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2016-10-27 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Ethics of Aristotle is one half of a single treatise of which his Politics is the other half. Both deal with one and the same subject. This subject is what Aristotle calls in one place the "philosophy of human affairs;" but more frequently Political or Social Science. In the two works taken together we have their author's whole theory of human conduct or practical activity, that is, of all human activity which is not directed merely to knowledge or truth. The Nicomachean Ethics is the name normally given to Aristotle's best-known work on ethics. The work, which plays a pre-eminent role in defining Aristotelian ethics, consists of ten books, originally separate scrolls, and is understood to be based on notes from his lectures at the Lyceum. The title is often assumed to refer to his son Nicomachus, to whom the work was dedicated or who may have edited it (although his young age makes this less likely). Alternatively, the work may have been dedicated to his father, who was also called Nicomachus. The theme of the work is a Socratic question previously explored in the works of Plato, Aristotle's friend and teacher, of how men should best live. In his Metaphysics, Aristotle described how Socrates, the friend and teacher of Plato, had turned philosophy to human questions, whereas Pre-Socratic philosophy had only been theoretical. Ethics, as now separated out for discussion by Aristotle, is practical rather than theoretical, in the original Aristotelian senses of these terms. In other words, it is not only a contemplation about good living, because it also aims to create good living. It is therefore connected to Aristotle's other practical work, the Politics, which similarly aims at people becoming good. Ethics is about how individuals should best live, while the study of politics is from the perspective of a law-giver, looking at the good of a whole community.

Author : Ronald Dmitri Milo
Publisher : De Gruyter Mouton
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 116 pages
Book Rating : 4.15/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Aristotle on Practical Knowledge and Weakness of Will written by Ronald Dmitri Milo and published by De Gruyter Mouton. This book was released on 1966 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Author : A. W. Price
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780198709350
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.58/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Virtue and Reason in Plato and Aristotle written by A. W. Price and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this authoritative discussion of the philosophy of Plato and Aristotle, A. W. Price considers four related areas: eudaimonia, or living and acting well, as the ultimate end of action; virtues of character in relation to the emotions, and to one another; practical reasoning, especially from an end to ways or means; and acrasia, or action that is contrary to the agent's own judgement of what is best. The focal concept is that of eudaimonia, which both Plato and Aristotle view as an abstract goal that is valuable enough to motivate action. Virtue has a double role to play in making its achievement possible, both in proposing subordinate ends apt to the context, and in protecting the agent against temptations to discard them too easily. For both purposes, Price suggests that virtues need to form a unity--but one that can be conceived in various ways. Among the tasks of deliberation is to work out how, and whether, to pursue some putative end in context. Aristotle returns to early Plato in finding it problematic that one should consciously sacrifice acting well to some incidental attraction; Plato later finds this possible by postulating schism within the soul. Price maintains that it is their emphasis upon the centrality of action within human life that makes the reflections of these ancient philosophers perennially relevant.

Author : James Warren
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1107025443
Total Pages : 247 pages
Book Rating : 4.48/5 ( download)

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Download or read book The Pleasures of Reason in Plato, Aristotle, and the Hellenistic Hedonists written by James Warren and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2014-11-27 with total page 247 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How did ancient philosophers understand the relationship between human capacities for thinking and our experiences of pleasure and pain?