The Dative Alternation Investigating Grammatical Variation

Author : Michelle Blum
Publisher : GRIN Verlag
ISBN 13 : 3346499774
Total Pages : 27 pages
Book Rating : 4.76/5 ( download)

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Download or read book The Dative Alternation. Investigating Grammatical Variation written by Michelle Blum and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2021-09-27 with total page 27 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Project Report from the year 2019 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Linguistics, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, language: English, abstract: The phenomenon under investigation was the dative alternation, i.e. the factors influencing the choice between the NP/noun phrase dative ("I give him the book") and the PP/prepositional phrase dative ("I give the book to him"). It is generally assumed, that factors holding an influence over the dative choice are, among others, the syntactic complexity/length of the indirect object and the verbs used. In order to find out which factor is more influential in the choice, both factors were considered in the study. Some verbs, like give, promise, lend and mail, have a tendency towards the usage with the NP dative - that means that they would not be used with the PP dative, and this would thus mean that the NP dative would be used more often when these verbs occur - if the verb choice influences the dative form more than the syntactic complexity, that is.

Author : Eva Zehentner
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
ISBN 13 : 311063385X
Total Pages : 496 pages
Book Rating : 4.56/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Competition in Language Change written by Eva Zehentner and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2019-06-17 with total page 496 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book addresses one of the most pervasive questions in historical linguistics – why variation becomes stable rather than being eliminated – by revisiting the so far neglected history of the English dative alternation. The alternation between a nominal and a prepositional ditransitive pattern (John gave Mary a book vs. John gave a book to Mary) emerged in Middle English and is closely connected to broader changes at that time. Accordingly, the main quantitative investigation focuses on ditransitive patterns in the Penn-Helsinki Parsed Corpus of Middle English; in addition, the book employs an Evolutionary Game Theory model. The results are approached from an ‘evolutionary construction grammar’ perspective, combining evolutionary thinking with diachronic constructionist notions, and the alternation’s emergence is interpreted as a story of constructional innovation, competition, cooperation and co-evolution. The book not only provides a thorough and detailed analysis of the history of one of the most-discussed syntactic phenomena in English, but by fusing two frameworks and employing two different methodologies also presents a highly innovative approach to a problem of relevance to historical linguistics in general.

Author : Mark J. van der Laan
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1441997822
Total Pages : 628 pages
Book Rating : 4.21/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Targeted Learning written by Mark J. van der Laan and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-06-17 with total page 628 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The statistics profession is at a unique point in history. The need for valid statistical tools is greater than ever; data sets are massive, often measuring hundreds of thousands of measurements for a single subject. The field is ready to move towards clear objective benchmarks under which tools can be evaluated. Targeted learning allows (1) the full generalization and utilization of cross-validation as an estimator selection tool so that the subjective choices made by humans are now made by the machine, and (2) targeting the fitting of the probability distribution of the data toward the target parameter representing the scientific question of interest. This book is aimed at both statisticians and applied researchers interested in causal inference and general effect estimation for observational and experimental data. Part I is an accessible introduction to super learning and the targeted maximum likelihood estimator, including related concepts necessary to understand and apply these methods. Parts II-IX handle complex data structures and topics applied researchers will immediately recognize from their own research, including time-to-event outcomes, direct and indirect effects, positivity violations, case-control studies, censored data, longitudinal data, and genomic studies.

Author : Marie-Louise Häfner
Publisher : GRIN Verlag
ISBN 13 : 3656634580
Total Pages : 22 pages
Book Rating : 4.84/5 ( download)

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Download or read book The English dative alternation written by Marie-Louise Häfner and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2014-04-10 with total page 22 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seminar paper from the year 2013 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Linguistics, grade: 1,7, Humboldt-University of Berlin (Anglistik), language: English, abstract: Most speakers of English are unconsciously proficient in combining all kinds of information in order to form the grammatical structure they use for language production. In this essay I attempt to describe one of these complex structures linguistically, namely the nature of dative verbs. Understanding the syntactic patterns of the verb is a challenging task – not only for the acquisition of English as a second language, but for linguistic research just as much. We're occupied with transitive verbs that take more than one internal argument.There is a great number of alternations in English grammar which do not involve a change in the transitivity of the verb (Levin 1993), one of them being the Dative Alternation, which will be the topic of this essay. I will begin by introducing some general findings of research in this field whereupon a list of verbs will follow which presents groups of verbs that do or do not perform the alternation. At the core of my dissertation I will compare two different approaches on the subject, namely the works of Manfred Krifka and Rappaport Hovav & Levin. They represent two sites of the debate concerning the semantics of the dative alternation. Whilst the former defends the so-called polysemy view, the latter are enthusiastic for the single meaning approach. I will go into more detail in section 4. In the final analysis I'm going to introduce a brief study of the dative alternation in different variants of English, namely British, Australian and American English.

Author : Günter Rohdenburg
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter
ISBN 13 : 3110900017
Total Pages : 573 pages
Book Rating : 4.19/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Determinants of Grammatical Variation in English written by Günter Rohdenburg and published by Walter de Gruyter. This book was released on 2011-08-02 with total page 573 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What factors influence the choice between alternative grammatical structures such as the following: a lit / a lighted cigarette, more full / fuller of convincing arguments, the main thesis of the book / the book's main thesis, take hostage a group of 15 holiday makers / take a group of 15 holidaymakers hostage, conceding that the argument is convincing / conceding the argument to be convincing? This is the central issue explored in this volume, which contains a unique selection of innovative in-depth empirical studies written in a broadly functional framework. The factors investigated include the following: phonological influences (such as the principle of rhythmic alternation and optimal syllable structure), frequency, pervasive semantic and pragmatic aspects (including iconicity, markedness, grammaticalization and typological tendencies), information structure, processing complexity and horror aequi (the avoidance of identity effects).

Author : Elena Seoane
Publisher : John Benjamins Publishing Company
ISBN 13 : 9027258457
Total Pages : 355 pages
Book Rating : 4.58/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Corpus-based Approaches to Register Variation written by Elena Seoane and published by John Benjamins Publishing Company. This book was released on 2021-12-15 with total page 355 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As the first collective volume to focus exclusively on corpus-based approaches to register variation, this book provides an exhaustive account of the range and depth of possibilities that the domain of register variation in English has to offer. It illustrates register variation analysis in different theoretical frameworks, such as Probabilistic Grammar, Systemic Functional Linguistics, and Information Theory, and proposes a new framework within the Text Linguistic Approach: the continuous-situational analytical framework. Several of the contributions apply Multi-Dimensional Analysis to corpus data in order to unveil register (dis)similarities, while others rely on logistic regression models and periodization techniques based on Kullback-Leibler divergence. The volume includes both inter-register and intra-register variation analysis of a wide spectrum of varieties, speakers and periods: British and American English, learner varieties, L2 varieties, and also contains diachronic studies covering early and late Modern English. This broad scope should be a source of inspiration for anyone interested in historical and ongoing register variation in a vast range of varieties of English worldwide.

Author : Benedikt Szmrecsanyi
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1108865399
Total Pages : 237 pages
Book Rating : 4.95/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Comparative Variation Analysis written by Benedikt Szmrecsanyi and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2023-09-07 with total page 237 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Taking an interdisciplinary stance, this pioneering book shows what we can learn about the grammatical choices that people make based on both observational and experimental data. It conducts detailed state-of-the-art analyses, and discusses the findings within the context of current theoretical models of grammatical variation in World Englishes.

Author : Patrick Hanks
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 0262312867
Total Pages : 479 pages
Book Rating : 4.68/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Lexical Analysis written by Patrick Hanks and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2013-01-25 with total page 479 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A lexically based, corpus-driven theoretical approach to meaning in language that distinguishes between patterns of normal use and creative exploitations of norms. In Lexical Analysis, Patrick Hanks offers a wide-ranging empirical investigation of word use and meaning in language. The book fills the need for a lexically based, corpus-driven theoretical approach that will help people understand how words go together in collocational patterns and constructions to make meanings. Such an approach is now possible, Hanks writes, because of the availability of new forms of evidence (corpora, the Internet) and the development of new methods of statistical analysis and inferencing. Hanks offers a new theory of language, the Theory of Norms and Exploitations (TNE), which makes a systematic distinction between normal and abnormal usage—between rules for using words normally and rules for exploiting such norms in metaphor and other creative use of language. Using hundreds of carefully chosen citations from corpora and other texts, he shows how matching each use of a word against established contextual patterns plays a large part in determining the meaning of an utterance. His goal is to develop a coherent and practical lexically driven theory of language that takes into account the immense variability of everyday usage and that shows that this variability is rule governed rather than random. Such a theory will complement other theoretical approaches to language, including cognitive linguistics, construction grammar, generative lexicon theory, priming theory, and pattern grammar.

Author : Nicole Tracy-Ventura
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1351137891
Total Pages : 453 pages
Book Rating : 4.98/5 ( download)

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Download or read book The Routledge Handbook of Second Language Acquisition and Corpora written by Nicole Tracy-Ventura and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2020-12-16 with total page 453 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Routledge Handbook of Second Language Acquisition and Corpora is a state-of-the-art collection of cutting-edge scholarship at the intersection of second language acquisition and learner corpus research. It draws on data-driven, statistical analysis to outline the background, methods, and outcomes of language learning, with a range of global experts providing detailed guidelines and findings. The volume is organized into five sections: Methodological and theoretical contributions to the study of learner language using corpora – setting the scene Key aspects in corpus design, annotation, and analysis for SLA Corpora in SLA theory and practice SLA constructs and corpora Future directions This is a ground-breaking collection of essays offering incisive and essential reading for anyone with an interest in second language acquisition, learner corpus research, and applied linguistics.

Author : Beth Levin
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 0226475336
Total Pages : 366 pages
Book Rating : 4.32/5 ( download)

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Download or read book English Verb Classes and Alternations written by Beth Levin and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 1993-09 with total page 366 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this rich reference work, Beth Levin classifies over 3,000 English verbs according to shared meaning and behavior. Levin starts with the hypothesis that a verb's meaning influences its syntactic behavior and develops it into a powerful tool for studying the English verb lexicon. She shows how identifying verbs with similar syntactic behavior provides an effective means of distinguishing semantically coherent verb classes, and isolates these classes by examining verb behavior with respect to a wide range of syntactic alternations that reflect verb meaning. The first part of the book sets out alternate ways in which verbs can express their arguments. The second presents classes of verbs that share a kernel of meaning and explores in detail the behavior of each class, drawing on the alternations in the first part. Levin's discussion of each class and alternation includes lists of relevant verbs, illustrative examples, comments on noteworthy properties, and bibliographic references. The result is an original, systematic picture of the organization of the verb inventory. Easy to use, English Verb Classes and Alternations sets the stage for further explorations of the interface between lexical semantics and syntax. It will prove indispensable for theoretical and computational linguists, psycholinguists, cognitive scientists, lexicographers, and teachers of English as a second language.