The Conception Of Value

Author : H. Paul Grice
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780199243877
Total Pages : 178 pages
Book Rating : 4.75/5 ( download)

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Download or read book The Conception of Value written by H. Paul Grice and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2001 with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The works of Paul Grice collected in this volume present his metaphysical defence of value, and represent a modern attempt to provide a metaphysical foundation for value.

Author : Erich H. Rast
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
ISBN 13 : 1793616957
Total Pages : 234 pages
Book Rating : 4.51/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Theory of Value Structure written by Erich H. Rast and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2022-03-08 with total page 234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The theory of value structure concerns the meaning of “better than” and “good,” as well as the way in which values serve as a basis for rational decision making. Drawing methodologically from economics and theories of decision making, the aim of serious axiology in metaethics is to do justice to problems that have puzzled philosophers of value for centuries. Can value comparisons be cyclic? Are all values comparable with each other and can decision makers just add up different aspects of an evaluation to determine the best course of action? A Theory of Value Structure: From Values to Decisions starts with a thorough introduction to the modeling of “better than” comparisons from a normative perspective. In the philosophical part of the book, Erich H. Rast argues that aspects of “better than” comparisons can differ qualitatively so much that one aspect may outrank another. Consequently, the classical weighted sum aggregation model fails. Values cannot always be summed up and comparisons may be fundamentally noncompensatory, an indeterminacy that explains problems like the apparent nontransitivity of “better than” and hard cases in decision making. Using a lexicographic method of value comparisons, Rast develops a multidimensional theory of “better than” and shows how and to which extent it can be combined with standard methods of decision making under uncertainty by using rank-dependent utility theory.

Author : William Smart
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 102 pages
Book Rating : 4.71/5 ( download)

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Download or read book An Introduction to the Theory of Value written by William Smart and published by . This book was released on 1891 with total page 102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Author : Natàlia Cantó Milà
Publisher : transcript Verlag
ISBN 13 : 3839403731
Total Pages : 243 pages
Book Rating : 4.30/5 ( download)

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Download or read book A Sociological Theory of Value written by Natàlia Cantó Milà and published by transcript Verlag. This book was released on 2015-07-31 with total page 243 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this book, Natàlia Cantó Milà elaborates on Georg Simmel's relational approach to a theory of value, pointing at the heuristic possibilities that this approach offers to modern sociology and to a sociology of modernity. She does so by focusing on the theory of value Simmel developed in his »The Philosophy of Money«, delivering an alternative reading of this book that views its theory of value as its main axial point. Simmel's theory of value is depicted by Cantó Milà as including an intrinsically sociological aspect, since economic as well as moral, ethic and aesthetic values are conceived as resulting from human relations.

Author : D. Graeber
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 0312299060
Total Pages : 344 pages
Book Rating : 4.64/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Toward an Anthropological Theory of Value written by D. Graeber and published by Springer. This book was released on 2001-12-13 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Now a widely cited classic, this innovative book is the first comprehensive synthesis of economic, political, and cultural theories of value. David Graeber reexamines a century of anthropological thought about value and exchange, in large measure to find a way out of ongoing quandaries in current social theory, which have become critical at the present moment of ideological collapse in the face of Neoliberalism. Rooted in an engaged, dynamic realism, Graeber argues that projects of cultural comparison are in a sense necessarily revolutionary projects: He attempts to synthesize the best insights of Karl Marx and Marcel Mauss, arguing that these figures represent two extreme, but ultimately complementary, possibilities in the shape such a project might take. Graeber breathes new life into the classic anthropological texts on exchange, value, and economy. He rethinks the cases of Iroquois wampum, Pacific kula exchanges, and the Kwakiutl potlatch within the flow of world historical processes, and recasts value as a model of human meaning-making, which far exceeds rationalist/reductive economist paradigms.

Author : Ernesto Screpanti
Publisher : Open Book Publishers
ISBN 13 : 178374782X
Total Pages : 134 pages
Book Rating : 4.25/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Labour and Value: Rethinking Marx’s Theory of Exploitation written by Ernesto Screpanti and published by Open Book Publishers. This book was released on 2019-10-09 with total page 134 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this book Ernesto Screpanti provides a rigorous examination of Marx’s theory of exploitation, one of the cornerstones of Marxist thought. With precision and clarity, he identifies the holes in traditional readings of Marx’s theory before advancing his own original interpretation, drawing on contemporary philosophy and economic theory to provide a refreshingly interdisciplinary exegesis. Screpanti’s arguments are delivered with perspicuity and verve: this is a book that aims to spark a debate. He exposes ambiguities present in Marx’s exposition of his own theory, especially when dealing with the employment contract and the notions of ‘abstract labor’ and ‘labor value’, and he argues that these ambiguities have given rise to misunderstandings in previous analyses of Marx’s theory of exploitation. Screpanti’s own interpretation is a meticulously argued counterpoint to these traditional interpretations. Labour and Value is a significant contribution to the theory of economics, particularly Marxist economics. It will also be of great interest to scholars in other disciplines including sociology, political science, and moral and political philosophy. Screpanti’s clear and engaging writing style will attract the interested general reader as well as the academic theorist.

Author : Robin Attfield
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1000029166
Total Pages : 219 pages
Book Rating : 4.61/5 ( download)

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Download or read book A Theory of Value and Obligation written by Robin Attfield and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2020-07-20 with total page 219 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Originally published in 1987 and re-issued in 2020 with a new Preface, this book presents and elaborates interrelated solutions to a number of problems in moral philosophy, from the location of intrinsic value and the nature of a worthwhile life, via the limits of obligation and the nature of justice, to the status of moral utterances. After developing a biocentric account of moral standing, the author locates worthwhile life in the development of the generic capacities of a creature, whether human or nonhuman, and presents an account of relative intrinsic value which later generates a theory of interspecific justice. This value-theory also informs a consequentialist understanding of obligation, of moral rightness and of supererogation. The understanding thus supplied is shown to cope with the problems of integrity, of justice and of the ‘Repugnant Conclusion’ in population ethics. A cognitivist account of ethical conclusions such as those so far reached is then defended against non-cognitivist and relativist objections and a far-reaching naturalist theory is defended, integrating earlier conclusions with an account of the logic of the fundamental ethical concepts. This wide-ranging volume which maps the whole area of morality is thoroughly argued with reference both to contemporary philosophical developments and to classical theories.

Author : Ralph Barton Perry
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 766 pages
Book Rating : 4.44/5 ( download)

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Download or read book General Theory of Value written by Ralph Barton Perry and published by . This book was released on 1926 with total page 766 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Author : Richard Dean
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0199285721
Total Pages : 281 pages
Book Rating : 4.23/5 ( download)

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Download or read book The Value of Humanity in Kant's Moral Theory written by Richard Dean and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2006-05-11 with total page 281 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The humanity formulation of Kant's Categorical Imperative demands that we treat humanity as an end in itself. Because this principle resonates with currently influential ideals of human rights and dignity, contemporary readers often find it compelling, even if the rest of Kant's moral philosophy leaves them cold. Moreover, some prominent specialists in Kant's ethics have recently turned to the humanity formulation as the most theoretically central and promising principle of Kant'sethics. Nevertheless, it has received less attention than many other aspects of Kant's ethics. Richard Dean offers the most sustained and systematic examination of the humanity formulation to date. He presents an original analysis of what it means to treat humanity as an end in itself, and examinesthe implications both for Kant scholarship and for practical guidance on specific moral issues.

Author : Barbara Herrnstein Smith
Publisher : Harvard University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780674167858
Total Pages : 250 pages
Book Rating : 4.56/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Contingencies of Value written by Barbara Herrnstein Smith and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 1988 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Charges of abandoned standards issue from government offices; laments for the loss of the best that has been thought and said resound through university corridors. While revisionists are perplexed by questions of value, critical theory--haunted by the heresy of relativism--remains captive to classical formulas. Barbara Herrnstein Smith's book confronts the conceptual problems and sociopolitical conflicts at the heart of these issues and raises their discussion to a new level of sophistication. Polemical without being rancorous, Contingencies of Value mounts a powerful critique of traditional conceptions of value, taste, judgment, and justification. Through incisive discussions of works by, among others, David Hume, Immanuel Kant, Northrop Frye, Georges Bataille, Jacques Derrida, Richard Rorty, and Jürgen Habermas, Smith develops an illuminating alternative framework for the explanation of these topics. All value, she argues, is radically contingent. Neither an objective property of things nor merely a subjective response to them, it is the variable effect of numerous interacting economies that is, systems of apportionment and circulation of "goods." Aesthetic value, moral value, and the truth-value of judgments are no exceptions, though traditional critical theory, ethics, and philosophy of language have always tried to prove otherwise. Smith deals in an original way with a wide variety of contemporary issues--from the relation between popular and high culture to the conflicting conception of human motives and actions in economic theory and classical humanism. In an important final chapter, she addresses directly the crucial problem of relativism and explains why a denial of the objectivity of value does not--as commonly feared and charged--produce either a fatuous egalitarianism or moral and political paralysis.