Taming The Unknown

Author : Victor J. Katz
Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 0691204071
Total Pages : 502 pages
Book Rating : 4.79/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Taming the Unknown written by Victor J. Katz and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2020-04-07 with total page 502 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What is algebra? For some, it is an abstract language of x's and y’s. For mathematics majors and professional mathematicians, it is a world of axiomatically defined constructs like groups, rings, and fields. Taming the Unknown considers how these two seemingly different types of algebra evolved and how they relate. Victor Katz and Karen Parshall explore the history of algebra, from its roots in the ancient civilizations of Egypt, Mesopotamia, Greece, China, and India, through its development in the medieval Islamic world and medieval and early modern Europe, to its modern form in the early twentieth century. Defining algebra originally as a collection of techniques for determining unknowns, the authors trace the development of these techniques from geometric beginnings in ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia and classical Greece. They show how similar problems were tackled in Alexandrian Greece, in China, and in India, then look at how medieval Islamic scholars shifted to an algorithmic stage, which was further developed by medieval and early modern European mathematicians. With the introduction of a flexible and operative symbolism in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, algebra entered into a dynamic period characterized by the analytic geometry that could evaluate curves represented by equations in two variables, thereby solving problems in the physics of motion. This new symbolism freed mathematicians to study equations of degrees higher than two and three, ultimately leading to the present abstract era. Taming the Unknown follows algebra’s remarkable growth through different epochs around the globe.

Author : Hans Christian Von Baeyer
Publisher : Courier Corporation
ISBN 13 : 9780486414478
Total Pages : 276 pages
Book Rating : 4.77/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Taming the Atom written by Hans Christian Von Baeyer and published by Courier Corporation. This book was released on 2000-01-01 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fascinating, accessible study recounts the process of discovery, from atomism of the Greeks to quantum revolutions of the 1920s and the theories and conjectures of today. Topics include components of the atom, quantum mechanics, atomic landscape, atoms in isolation, more. "Lucid and entertaining." — The New York Times Book Review.

Author : Jeffrey M. Binder
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 0226822540
Total Pages : 328 pages
Book Rating : 4.49/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Language and the Rise of the Algorithm written by Jeffrey M. Binder and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2022-12-06 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A wide-ranging history of the algorithm. Bringing together the histories of mathematics, computer science, and linguistic thought, Language and the Rise of the Algorithm reveals how recent developments in artificial intelligence are reopening an issue that troubled mathematicians well before the computer age: How do you draw the line between computational rules and the complexities of making systems comprehensible to people? By attending to this question, we come to see that the modern idea of the algorithm is implicated in a long history of attempts to maintain a disciplinary boundary separating technical knowledge from the languages people speak day to day. Here Jeffrey M. Binder offers a compelling tour of four visions of universal computation that addressed this issue in very different ways: G. W. Leibniz’s calculus ratiocinator; a universal algebra scheme Nicolas de Condorcet designed during the French Revolution; George Boole’s nineteenth-century logic system; and the early programming language ALGOL, short for algorithmic language. These episodes show that symbolic computation has repeatedly become entangled in debates about the nature of communication. Machine learning, in its increasing dependence on words, erodes the line between technical and everyday language, revealing the urgent stakes underlying this boundary. The idea of the algorithm is a levee holding back the social complexity of language, and it is about to break. This book is about the flood that inspired its construction.

Author : Anne Chittleborough
Publisher : Wakefield Press
ISBN 13 : 9781862546035
Total Pages : 250 pages
Book Rating : 4.37/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Alas, for the Pelicans written by Anne Chittleborough and published by Wakefield Press. This book was released on 2002 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1802 a Frenchman and an Englishman famously encountered each other off the shores of South Australia. The voyages of discovery of Nicolas Baudin and Matthew Flinders opened the way for the increasingly rapid colonisation of 'Terra Australis'.

Author : Kenneth Morgan
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1350154784
Total Pages : 352 pages
Book Rating : 4.80/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Navigating by the Southern Cross written by Kenneth Morgan and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2021-01-28 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this comprehensive study, Kenneth Morgan provides an authoritative account of European exploration and discovery in Australia. The book presents a detailed chronological overview of European interests in the Australian continent, from initial speculations about the 'Great Southern Land' to the major hydrographic expeditions of the 19th century. In particular, he analyses the early crossings of the Dutch in the 17th century, the exploits of English 'buccaneer adventurer' William Dampier, the famous voyages of James Cook and Matthew Flinders, and the little-known French annexation of Australia in 1772. Introducing new findings and drawing on the latest in historiographical research, this book situates developments in navigation, nautical astronomy and cartography within the broader contexts of imperial, colonial, and maritime history.

Author : Rick Carson
Publisher : Harper Collins
ISBN 13 : 0061977861
Total Pages : 194 pages
Book Rating : 4.62/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Taming Your Gremlin (Revised Edition) written by Rick Carson and published by Harper Collins. This book was released on 2009-10-06 with total page 194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The completely updated edition of this classic includes powerful methods for freeing oneself from self-defeating behaviors and beliefs Your gremlin interprets your every experience. He has nothing good to say about you or anything you do. Just when you feel you’ve out-argued him, he changes his strategy. Grapple with him and you become more enmeshed. What he hates is simply being noticed. That’s the first step to his taming. This and many other powerful techniques await you. This is a low-key but tremendously effective approach to banishing the tenacious nemesis within. Readers will learn: How simply noticing their gremlin is the first step in gremlin taming. How to experiment playfully with new actions and attitudes. Simple exercises for tuning in to their true self and tuning out their gremlin…and much more.

Author : Karen Hunger Parshall
Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 0691235244
Total Pages : 640 pages
Book Rating : 4.40/5 ( download)

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Download or read book The New Era in American Mathematics, 1920–1950 written by Karen Hunger Parshall and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2022-02-22 with total page 640 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The 1920s witnessed the birth of a serious mathematical research community in America. Prior to this, mathematical research was dominated by scholars based in Europe-but World War I had made the importance of scientific and technological development clear to the American research community, resulting in the establishment of new scientific initiatives and infrastructure. Physics and chemistry were the beneficiaries of this renewed scientific focus, but the mathematical community also benefitted, and over time, began to flourish. Over the course of the next two decades, despite significant obstacles, this constellation of mathematical researchers, programs, and government infrastructure would become one of the strongest in the world. In this meticulously-researched book, Karen Parshall documents the uncertain, but ultimately successful, rise of American mathematics during this time. Drawing on research carried out in archives around the country and around the world, as well as on the secondary literature, she reveals how geopolitical circumstances shifted the course of international mathematics. She provides surveys of the mathematical research landscape in the 1920s, 30s, and 40s, introduces the key players and institutions in mathematics at that time, and documents the effect of the Great Depression and the second world war on the international mathematical community. The result is a comprehensive account of the shift of mathematics' "center of gravity" to the American stage"--

Author : Ehud R. Toledano
Publisher : Yale University Press
ISBN 13 : 0300126182
Total Pages : 288 pages
Book Rating : 4.81/5 ( download)

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Download or read book As If Silent and Absent written by Ehud R. Toledano and published by Yale University Press. This book was released on 2007-07-12 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This groundbreaking book reconceptualizes slavery through the voices of enslaved persons themselves, voices that have remained silent in the narratives of conventional history. Focusing in particular on the Islamic Middle East from the late eighteenth to the early twentieth century, Ehud R. Toledano examines how bonded persons experienced enslavement in Ottoman societies. He draws on court records and a variety of other unexamined primary sources to uncover important new information about the Africans and Circassians who were forcibly removed from their own societies and transplanted to Middle East cultures that were alien to them. Toledano also considers the experiences of these enslaved people within the context of the global history of slavery. The book looks at the bonds of slavery from an original perspective, moving away from the traditional master/slave domination paradigm toward the point of view of the enslaved and their responses to their plight. With keen and original insights, Toledano suggests new ways of thinking about enslavement.

Author : Shaul Kelner
Publisher : NYU Press
ISBN 13 : 1479859109
Total Pages : 393 pages
Book Rating : 4.08/5 ( download)

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Download or read book A Cold War Exodus written by Shaul Kelner and published by NYU Press. This book was released on 2024-04-23 with total page 393 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reveals the mass mobilization tactics that helped free Soviet Jews and reshaped the Jewish American experience from the Johnson era through the Reagan–Bush years What do these things have in common? Ingrid Bergman, Passover matzoh, Banana Republic®, the fitness craze, the Philadelphia Flyers, B-grade spy movies, and ten thousand Bar and Bat Mitzvah sermons? Nothing, except that social movement activists enlisted them all into the most effective human rights campaign of the Cold War. The plight of Jews in the USSR was marked by systemic antisemitism, a problem largely ignored by Western policymakers trying to improve relations with the Soviets. In the face of governmental apathy, activists in the United States hatched a bold plan: unite Jewish Americans to demand that Washington exert pressure on Moscow for change. A Cold War Exodus delves into the gripping narrative of how these men and women, through ingenuity and determination, devised mass mobilization tactics during a three-decade-long campaign to liberate Soviet Jews—an endeavor that would ultimately lead to one of the most significant mass emigrations in Jewish history. Drawing from a wealth of archival sources including the travelogues of thousands of American tourists who smuggled aid to Russian Jews, Shaul Kelner offers a compelling tale of activism and its profound impact, revealing how a seemingly disparate array of elements could be woven together to forge a movement and achieve the seemingly impossible. It is a testament to the power of unity, creativity, and the unwavering dedication of those who believe in the cause of human rights.

Author : Robert William Bennett
Publisher : Stanford Law & Politics
ISBN 13 : 9780804754095
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.98/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Taming the Electoral College written by Robert William Bennett and published by Stanford Law & Politics. This book was released on 2006 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines the history and weaknesses of the electoral college and proposes reforms that could be made to our electoral process without a constitutional amendment.