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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 130 pages
Book Rating : 4.11/5 ( download)
Download or read book Study of Alternatives written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 130 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : United States. National Park Service
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 74 pages
Book Rating : 4.68/5 ( download)
Download or read book Study of Alternatives written by United States. National Park Service and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 74 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 266 pages
Book Rating : 4.90/5 ( download)
Download or read book A Study of Alternatives to the Davis (West Virginia) Pumped Storage Project written by and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 266 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309310164
Total Pages : 280 pages
Book Rating : 4.61/5 ( download)
Download or read book A Framework to Guide Selection of Chemical Alternatives written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2014-10-29 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Historically, regulations governing chemical use have often focused on widely used chemicals and acute human health effects of exposure to them, as well as their potential to cause cancer and other adverse health effects. As scientific knowledge has expanded there has been an increased awareness of the mechanisms through which chemicals may exert harmful effects on human health, as well as their effects on other species and ecosystems. Identification of high-priority chemicals and other chemicals of concern has prompted a growing number of state and local governments, as well as major companies, to take steps beyond existing hazardous chemical federal legislation. Interest in approaches and policies that ensure that any new substances substituted for chemicals of concern are assessed as carefully and thoroughly as possible has also burgeoned. The overarching goal of these approaches is to avoid regrettable substitutions, which occur when a toxic chemical is replaced by another chemical that later proved unsuitable because of persistence, bioaccumulation, toxicity, or other concerns. Chemical alternative assessments are tools designed to facilitate consideration of these factors to assist stakeholders in identifying chemicals that may have the greatest likelihood of harm to human and ecological health, and to provide guidance on how the industry may develop and adopt safer alternatives. A Framework to Guide Selection of Chemical Alternatives develops and demonstrates a decision framework for evaluating potentially safer substitute chemicals as primarily determined by human health and ecological risks. This new framework is informed by previous efforts by regulatory agencies, academic institutions, and others to develop alternative assessment frameworks that could be operationalized. In addition to hazard assessments, the framework incorporates steps for life-cycle thinking - which considers possible impacts of a chemical at all stages including production, use, and disposal - as well as steps for performance and economic assessments. The report also highlights how modern information sources such as computational modeling can supplement traditional toxicology data in the assessment process. This new framework allows the evaluation of the full range of benefits and shortcomings of substitutes, and examination of tradeoffs between these risks and factors such as product functionality, product efficacy, process safety, and resource use. Through case studies, this report demonstrates how different users in contrasting decision contexts with diverse priorities can apply the framework. This report will be an essential resource to the chemical industry, environmentalists, ecologists, and state and local governments.
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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 388 pages
Book Rating : 4.69/5 ( download)
Download or read book Public Transportation Alternatives Analysis in Wayne/Oakland/Macomb Counties written by and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 118 pages
Book Rating : 4.90/5 ( download)
Download or read book Statue of Liberty National Monument (N.M.), Analysis of Alternatives (environmental Assessment (EA)) for General Management Plan (GMP) (NY.NJ) B1; General Management Plan (GMP) (1982) written by and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 118 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 720 pages
Book Rating : 4.18/5 ( download)
Download or read book Kenosha-Racine-Milwaukee, Alternatives Analysis written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 720 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Hajime Kojima
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9811324476
Total Pages : 130 pages
Book Rating : 4.75/5 ( download)
Download or read book Alternatives to Animal Testing written by Hajime Kojima and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-12-27 with total page 130 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book presents recent advances in the pure sciences that are of significance in the quest for alternatives to the use of animals in research and describes a variety of practical applications of the three key guiding principles for the more ethical use of animals in experiments – replacement, reduction, and refinement, collectively known as the 3Rs. Important examples from across the world of implementation of the 3Rs in the testing of cosmetics, chemicals, pesticides, and biologics, including vaccines, are described, with additional information on relevant regulations. The coverage also encompasses emerging approaches to alternative tests and the 3Rs. The book is based on the most informative contributions delivered at the Asian Congress 2016 on Alternatives and Animal Use in the Life Sciences. It will be of value for those working in R&D, for graduate students, and for educators in various fields, including the pharmaceutical and cosmetic sciences, pharmacology, toxicology, and animal welfare. The free, open access distribution of Alternatives to Animal Testing is enabled by the Creative Commons Attribution license in International version 4: CC BY 4.0.
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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 276 pages
Book Rating : 4.88/5 ( download)
Download or read book Branson Transit Study, Alternatives Analysis written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Michael E. Kraft
Publisher : CQ Press
ISBN 13 : 1506358179
Total Pages : 899 pages
Book Rating : 4.78/5 ( download)
Download or read book Public Policy written by Michael E. Kraft and published by CQ Press. This book was released on 2017-04-28 with total page 899 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Public Policy: Politics, Analysis, and Alternatives, students come to understand how and why policy analysis is used to assess policy alternatives. To encourage critical and creative thinking on issues ranging from the federal deficit to health care reform to climate change, authors Michael Kraft and Scott Furlong introduce and fully integrate an evaluative approach to policy. The Sixth Edition of Public Policy offers a fully revised, concise review of institutions, policy actors, and major theoretical models as well as a discussion of the nature of policy analysis and its practice. Both the exposition and data have been updated to reflect major policy controversies and developments through the end of 2016, including new priorities of the Donald Trump administration.
