States Of Obligation

Author : Yanni Kotsonis
Publisher : University of Toronto Press
ISBN 13 : 1442696338
Total Pages : 504 pages
Book Rating : 4.34/5 ( download)

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Download or read book States of Obligation written by Yanni Kotsonis and published by University of Toronto Press. This book was released on 2014-09-24 with total page 504 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Beginning in the 1860s, the Russian Empire replaced a poll tax system that originated with Peter the Great with a modern system of income and excise taxes. Russia began a transformation of state fiscal power that was also underway across Western Europe and North America. States of Obligation is the first sustained study of the Russian taxation system, the first to study its European and transatlantic context, and the first to expose the essential continuities between the fiscal practices of the Russian Empire and the Soviet Union. Using a wealth of materials from provincial and local archives across Russia, Yanni Kotsonis examines how taxation was simultaneously a revenue-raising and a state-building tool, a claim on the person and a way to produce a new kind of citizenship. During successive political, wartime, and revolutionary crises between 1855 and 1928, state fiscal power was used to forge social and financial unity and fairness and a direct relationship with individual Russians. State power eventually overwhelmed both the private sector economy and the fragile realm of personal privacy. States of Obligation is at once a study in Russian economic history and a reflection on the modern state and the modern citizen.

Author : Abner Greene
Publisher : Harvard University Press
ISBN 13 : 0674065174
Total Pages : 346 pages
Book Rating : 4.78/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Against Obligation written by Abner Greene and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2012-04-13 with total page 346 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Do citizens of a nation such as the United States have a moral duty to obey the law? Do officials, when interpreting the Constitution, have an obligation to follow what that text meant when ratified? To follow precedent? To follow what the Supreme Court today says the Constitution means?These are questions of political obligation (for citizens) and interpretive obligation (for anyone interpreting the Constitution, often officials). Abner Greene argues that such obligations do not exist. Although citizens should obey some laws entirely, and other laws in some instances, no one has put forth a successful argument that citizens should obey all laws all the time. Greene's case is not only "against" obligation. It is also "for" an approach he calls "permeable sovereignty": all of our norms are on equal footing with the state's laws. Accordingly, the state should accommodate religious, philosophical, family, or tribal norms whenever possible. Greene shows that questions of interpretive obligation share many qualities with those of political obligation. In rejecting the view that constitutional interpreters must follow either prior or higher sources of constitutional meaning, Greene confronts and turns aside arguments similar to those offered for a moral duty of citizens to obey the law.

Author : Olivier De Schutter
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1107063752
Total Pages : 1123 pages
Book Rating : 4.54/5 ( download)

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Download or read book International Human Rights Law written by Olivier De Schutter and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2014-08-07 with total page 1123 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This fully updated edition offers coverage of new topics and a more student-friendly design, while retaining the original style and features.

Author : Ovadia Ezra
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1402041055
Total Pages : 205 pages
Book Rating : 4.51/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Moral Dilemmas in Real Life written by Ovadia Ezra and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-05-26 with total page 205 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Moral Dilemmas in Real Life purports to supply ways of thinking of, perhaps even dealing with, the ins and outs of ethical argument. The world today presents both individuals and communities with situations, which demand moral and ethical deliberations. From the more general issues of universal globalization to the very specific problems of every-day existence encountered by active agents, contemporary life is replete with moral and ethical conundrums. Any thinking person is required, so it seems, to be concerned, involved, or – at the very least – conversant with these issues and this book supplies the wherewithal needed. Applied ethics is that intellectual locale where theory meets praxis. Moral Dilemmas in Real Life is designed to make that meeting point explicit, by presenting a series of issues in well-grounded philosophical formulations. The book begins with the general relation between the individual and society – instilling ethical tension, and even clashes, between the private and the public in our discourse. Going on, from general to specific, it gradually narrows the ethical playing field to touch on medical ethics, the family, and the practice of punishment. In all cases, the book addresses both consensual and conventional social institutions and distortions thereof.

Author : Ziba Vaghri
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030846474
Total Pages : 429 pages
Book Rating : 4.73/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Monitoring State Compliance with the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child written by Ziba Vaghri and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-01-03 with total page 429 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book presents a discussion on human rights-based attributes for each article pertinent to the substantive rights of children, as defined in the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (UNCRC). It provides the reader with a unique and clear overview of the scope and core content of the articles, together with an analysis of the latest jurisprudence of the UN Committee on the Rights of the Child. For each article of the UNCRC, the authors explore the nature and scope of corresponding State obligations, and identify the main features that need to be taken into consideration when assessing a State’s progressive implementation of the UNCRC. This analysis considers which aspects of a given right are most important to track, in order to monitor States' implementation of any given right, and whether there is any resultant change in the lives of children. This approach transforms the narrative of legal international standards concerning a given right into a set of characteristics that ensure no aspect of said right is overlooked. The book develops a clear and comprehensive understanding of the UNCRC that can be used as an introduction to the rights and principles it contains, and to identify directions for future policy and strategy development in compliance with the UNCRC. As such, it offers an invaluable reference guide for researchers and students in the field of childhood and children’s rights studies, as well as a wide range of professionals and organisations concerned with the subject.

Author : Nataša Nedeski
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1108898343
Total Pages : 245 pages
Book Rating : 4.48/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Shared Obligations in International Law written by Nataša Nedeski and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2022-07-21 with total page 245 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There are various situations in which multiple states or international organizations are bound to an international obligation in the context of cooperative activities and the pursuit of common goals. This practical phenomenon of sharing international obligations raises questions regarding the performance of obligations (who is bound to do what) and international responsibility in case of a breach (who can be held responsible for what). This book puts forward a concept of shared obligations that captures this practical phenomenon and enables scholars and practitioners to tackle these questions. In doing so, it engages in positive law-based categorization and systematization, building on existing categorizations of obligations and putting forward new typologies of shared obligations. Ultimately, it is contended that the sharing of obligations has relevant legal implications: it can influence the content and performance of obligations as well as the responsibility relations that arise in case of a breach.

Author : Andrew Clapham
Publisher : OUP Oxford
ISBN 13 : 0191018627
Total Pages : 2518 pages
Book Rating : 4.26/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Human Rights Obligations of Non-State Actors written by Andrew Clapham and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2006-03-02 with total page 2518 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The threats to human rights posed by non-state actors are of increasing concern. Human rights activists increasingly address the activity of multinational corporations, the policies of international organizations such as the World Bank and the World Trade Organization, and international crimes committed by entities such as armed opposition groups and terrorists. This book presents an approach to human rights that goes beyond the traditional focus on states and outlines the human rights obligations of non-state actors. Furthermore, it addresses some of the ways in which these entities can be held legally accountable for their actions in various jurisdictions. The political debate concerning the appropriateness of expanding human rights scrutiny to non-state actors is discussed and dissected. For some, extending human rights into these spheres trivializes human rights and allows abusive governments to distract us from ongoing violations. For others such an extension is essential if human rights are properly to address the current concerns of women and workers. The main focus of the book, however, is on the legal obligations of non-state actors. The book discusses how developments in the fields of international responsibility and international criminal law have implications for building a framework for the human rights obligations of non-state actors in international law. In turn these international developments have drawn on the changing ways in which human rights are implemented in national law. A selection of national jurisdictions, including the United States, South Africa and the United Kingdom are examined with regard to the application of human rights law to non-state actors. The book's final part includes suggestions with regard to understanding the parameters of the human rights obligations of non-state actors. Key to understanding the legal obligations of non-state actors are concepts such as dignity and democracy. While neither concept can unravel the dilemmas involved in the application of human rights law to non-state actors, a better understanding of the tensions surrounding these concepts can help us to understand what is at stake.

Author : James Crawford
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0199296979
Total Pages : 1364 pages
Book Rating : 4.72/5 ( download)

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Download or read book The Law of International Responsibility written by James Crawford and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2010-05-20 with total page 1364 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The law of international responsibility is one of international law's core foundational topics. Written by international experts, this book provides an overview of the modern law of international responsibility, both as it applies to states and to international organizations, with a focus on the ILC's work.

Author : Steven L. B. Jensen
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1316519236
Total Pages : 351 pages
Book Rating : 4.33/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Social Rights and the Politics of Obligation in History written by Steven L. B. Jensen and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2022-01-06 with total page 351 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A pioneering study in the history of social rights, filling a significant gap in human rights scholarship and practice.

Author : Maria Monnheimer
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1108899307
Total Pages : 353 pages
Book Rating : 4.07/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Due Diligence Obligations in International Human Rights Law written by Maria Monnheimer and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2021-02-18 with total page 353 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With the importance of non-State actors ever increasing, the traditional State-centric approach of international law is being put to the test. In particular, significant accountability lacunae have emerged in the field of human rights protection. To address these challenges, this book makes a case for extraterritorial due diligence obligations of States in international human rights law. It traces back how due diligence obligations evolved on the international plane and develops a general analytical framework making the broad and vague notion of due diligence more approachable. The framework is applied to different fields of international law which provides guidance on how due diligence obligations can be better conceptualized. Drawing inspiration from these developments, the book analyses how extraterritorial human rights due diligence obligations could operate in practice and foster global human rights protection.