Signal Processing And Analysis Techniques For Nuclear Quadrupole Resonance Spectroscopy

Author : Cristian Monea
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030878619
Total Pages : 190 pages
Book Rating : 4.10/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Signal Processing and Analysis Techniques for Nuclear Quadrupole Resonance Spectroscopy written by Cristian Monea and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-10-11 with total page 190 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is about improving prohibited substances detection using the nuclear quadrupole resonance (NQR) technique at security checkpoints. The book proposes multiple signal processing and analysis techniques for improving detection of dangerous or contraband substances, such as explosives, narcotics, or toxic substances. Also, several hardware solutions are described and implemented in a custom-designed NQR spectrometer. A new approach to NQR signal detection is introduced using artificial intelligence/deep learning techniques. The book will be useful for for researchers and practitioners in the areas of electrical engineering, signal processing and analysis, applied spectroscopy, as well as for security or laboratory equipment manufacturers.

Author : Jacques Fraissard
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 904813062X
Total Pages : 292 pages
Book Rating : 4.27/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Explosives Detection using Magnetic and Nuclear Resonance Techniques written by Jacques Fraissard and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-07-06 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nuclear quadrupole resonance (NQR) a highly promising new technique for bulk explosives detection: relatively inexpensive, more compact than NMR, but with considerable selectivity. Since the NQR frequency is insensitive to long-range variations in composition, mixing explosives with other materials, such as the plasticizers in plastic explosives, makes no difference. The NQR signal strength varies linearly with the amount of explosive, and is independent of its distribution within the volume monitored. NQR spots explosive types in configurations missed by the X-ray imaging method. But if NQR is so good, why it is not used everywhere? Its main limitation is the low signal-to-noise ratio, particularly with the radio-frequency interference that exists in a field environment, NQR polarization being much weaker than that from an external magnetic field. The distinctive signatures are there, but are difficult to extract from the noise. In addition, the high selectivity is partly a disadvantage, as it is hard to build a multichannel system necessary to cover a wide range of target substances. Moreover, substances fully screened by metallic enclosures, etc. are difficult to detect. A workshop was held at St Petersburg in July 2008 in an attempt to solve these problems and make NQR the universal technique for the detection of bombs regardless of type. This book presents the essentials of the papers given there.

Author : Tomaž Apih
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9789400772670
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.7X/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Magnetic Resonance Detection of Explosives and Illicit Materials written by Tomaž Apih and published by Springer. This book was released on 2013-10-16 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Detection of concealed explosives is a notoriously difficult problem, and many different approaches have been proposed to solve this problem. Nuclear quadrupole resonance (NQR) is unique in many ways. It operates in a safe AM radio frequency range, and it can remotely detect unique “fingerprint” (NQR spectrum) of many explosives, such as TNT or RDX. As such, the detection of target does not depend on the shape or material of the container, or the presence of metallic object such as triggers etc. Spectra of chemically similar compounds differ enough that their presence never causes interference or false alarms. Unfortunately, widespread use is prevented due to low sensitivity, radiofrequency interference from the noisy environment, and inability to detect liquid explosives. This book presents current state of the art of the attempts to overcome NQR sensitivity problem, either by increasing the strengths of signals generated, or by increasing the specificity of the technique through a better understanding of the factors that affect the quadrupolar parameters of specific explosives. The use of these specific quadrupolar parameters is demonstrated on signal processing techniques that can detect weak signals, which are hidden in a noisy background. The problem of differentiation of liquid explosives and benign liquids in closed containers is approached by measurements of different nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) parameters. As shown, a couple of solutions has reached a prototype stage and could find their use in a near future.

Author : David J. Ariando
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3031602307
Total Pages : 340 pages
Book Rating : 4.06/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Portable Low-Field MRI Scanners written by David J. Ariando and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Author : Tomaž Apih
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9400772653
Total Pages : 168 pages
Book Rating : 4.56/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Magnetic Resonance Detection of Explosives and Illicit Materials written by Tomaž Apih and published by Springer. This book was released on 2013-10-02 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Detection of concealed explosives is a notoriously difficult problem, and many different approaches have been proposed to solve this problem. Nuclear quadrupole resonance (NQR) is unique in many ways. It operates in a safe AM radio frequency range, and it can remotely detect unique “fingerprint” (NQR spectrum) of many explosives, such as TNT or RDX. As such, the detection of target does not depend on the shape or material of the container, or the presence of metallic object such as triggers etc. Spectra of chemically similar compounds differ enough that their presence never causes interference or false alarms. Unfortunately, widespread use is prevented due to low sensitivity, radiofrequency interference from the noisy environment, and inability to detect liquid explosives. This book presents current state of the art of the attempts to overcome NQR sensitivity problem, either by increasing the strengths of signals generated, or by increasing the specificity of the technique through a better understanding of the factors that affect the quadrupolar parameters of specific explosives. The use of these specific quadrupolar parameters is demonstrated on signal processing techniques that can detect weak signals, which are hidden in a noisy background. The problem of differentiation of liquid explosives and benign liquids in closed containers is approached by measurements of different nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) parameters. As shown, a couple of solutions has reached a prototype stage and could find their use in a near future.

Author : J.C.J. Bart
Publisher : IOS Press
ISBN 13 : 1607501228
Total Pages : 824 pages
Book Rating : 4.20/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Plastics Additives written by J.C.J. Bart and published by IOS Press. This book was released on 2006-03-15 with total page 824 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Cover-to-cover reading of Plastics Additives, Advanced Industrial Analysis, is recommended for both professional analysts and plastics technologists. Professor Bart’s prose style is easy to read. A professional background in analytical chemistry is not assumed. Particularly valuable is the trove of good advice as to which approach might be best in a given situation. Every department with a serious interest in additive / property relations should invest in a copy.” -- PMAD Newsletter. This industrially relevant and up-to-date resource deals with all established and emerging analytical methods for in-polymer additive analysis of plastics formulations. Quality assurance and industrial troubleshooting all benefit from direct analysis modes. Plastics Additives comprises detailed coverage of solid-state spectroscopy, thermal analysis and pyrolysis, laser techniques, surface studies and microanalysis along with process analytics, quantitative analysis and modern method development and validation applied to additives in polymers. The book is organised for quick and easy reference and is extensively illustrated with over 200 figures, 300 flow diagrams and tables to facilitate rapid understanding of this topic, and it contains 4000 references. Emphasis is on understanding (principles and characteristics) and industrial applicability.

Author :
Publisher : ScholarlyEditions
ISBN 13 : 1481682393
Total Pages : 607 pages
Book Rating : 4.98/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Advances in Diagnostics and Screening Research and Application: 2013 Edition written by and published by ScholarlyEditions. This book was released on 2013-06-21 with total page 607 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advances in Diagnostics and Screening Research and Application: 2013 Edition is a ScholarlyEditions™ book that delivers timely, authoritative, and comprehensive information about Magnetic Resonance Angiography. The editors have built Advances in Diagnostics and Screening Research and Application: 2013 Edition on the vast information databases of ScholarlyNews.™ You can expect the information about Magnetic Resonance Angiography in this book to be deeper than what you can access anywhere else, as well as consistently reliable, authoritative, informed, and relevant. The content of Advances in Diagnostics and Screening Research and Application: 2013 Edition has been produced by the world’s leading scientists, engineers, analysts, research institutions, and companies. All of the content is from peer-reviewed sources, and all of it is written, assembled, and edited by the editors at ScholarlyEditions™ and available exclusively from us. You now have a source you can cite with authority, confidence, and credibility. More information is available at http://www.ScholarlyEditions.com/.

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 656 pages
Book Rating : 4.84/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 656 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Author : Maurice Marshall
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0080923143
Total Pages : 303 pages
Book Rating : 4.47/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Aspects of Explosives Detection written by Maurice Marshall and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2011-07-28 with total page 303 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Detection and quantification of trace chemicals is a major thrust of analytical chemistry. In recent years much effort has been spent developing detection systems for priority pollutants. Less mature are the detections of substances of interest to law enforcement and security personnel:in particular explosives. This volume will discuss the detection of these, not only setting out the theoretical fundamentals, but also emphasizing the remarkable developments in the last decade. Terrorist events—airplanes blown out of the sky (PanAm 103 over Lockerbie) and attacks on U.S. and European cities (Trade Center in New York and the Murrah Federal Building in Oklahoma City, railways in London and Madrid)--emphasize the danger of concealed explosives. However, since most explosives release little vapor, it was not possible to detect them by technology used on most organic substances. After PanAm 103 was downed over Scotland, the U.S. Congress requested automatic explosive detection equipment be placed in airports. This volume outlines the history of explosive detection research, the developments along the way, present day technologies, and what we think the future holds. Written by experts in the field who set out both the scientific issues and the practical context with authority Discusses and describes the threat Describes the theoretical background and practical applications of both trace and bulk explosives detection

Author : John Alec Sydney Smith
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 304 pages
Book Rating : 4.62/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Advances in Nuclear Quadrupole Resonance written by John Alec Sydney Smith and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: