Shaping Science

Author : Janet Vertesi
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 022669108X
Total Pages : 355 pages
Book Rating : 4.84/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Shaping Science written by Janet Vertesi and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2020-11-06 with total page 355 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Shaping Science, Janet Vertesi draws on a decade of immersive ethnography with NASA’s robotic spacecraft teams to create a comparative account of two great space missions of the early 2000s. Although these missions featured robotic explorers on the frontiers of the solar system bravely investigating new worlds, their commands were issued from millions of miles away by a very human team. By examining the two teams’ formal structures, decision-making techniques, and informal work practices in the day-to-day process of mission planning, Vertesi shows just how deeply entangled a team’s local organizational context is with the knowledge they produce about other worlds. Using extensive, embedded experiences on two NASA spacecraft teams, this is the first book to apply organizational studies of work to the laboratory environment in order to analyze the production of scientific knowledge itself. Engaging and deeply researched, Shaping Science demonstrates the significant influence that the social organization of a scientific team can have on the practices of that team and the results they yield.

Author : John Gurche
Publisher : Yale University Press
ISBN 13 : 0300182023
Total Pages : 364 pages
Book Rating : 4.26/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Shaping Humanity written by John Gurche and published by Yale University Press. This book was released on 2013-11-26 with total page 364 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Describes the process by which the author uses knowledge of fossil discoveries and comparative ape and human anatomy to create forensically accurate representations of human beings' ancient ancestors.

Author : Leah Ceccarelli
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 0226099083
Total Pages : 192 pages
Book Rating : 4.88/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Shaping Science with Rhetoric written by Leah Ceccarelli and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2010-11-15 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How do scientists persuade colleagues from diverse fields to cross the disciplinary divide, risking their careers in new interdisciplinary research programs? Why do some attempts to inspire such research win widespread acclaim and support, while others do not? In Shaping Science with Rhetoric, Leah Ceccarelli addresses such questions through close readings of three scientific monographs in their historical contexts—Theodosius Dobzhansky's Genetics and the Origin of Species (1937), which inspired the "modern synthesis" of evolutionary biology; Erwin Schrödinger's What Is Life? (1944), which catalyzed the field of molecular biology; and Edward O. Wilson's Consilience (1998), a so far not entirely successful attempt to unite the social and biological sciences. She examines the rhetorical strategies used in each book and evaluates which worked best, based on the reviews and scientific papers that followed in their wake. Ceccarelli's work will be important for anyone interested in how interdisciplinary fields are formed, from historians and rhetoricians of science to scientists themselves.

Author : Matti Tedre
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1482217694
Total Pages : 294 pages
Book Rating : 4.98/5 ( download)

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Download or read book The Science of Computing written by Matti Tedre and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2014-12-03 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The identity of computing has been fiercely debated throughout its short history. Why is it still so hard to define computing as an academic discipline? Is computing a scientific, mathematical, or engineering discipline? By describing the mathematical, engineering, and scientific traditions of computing, The Science of Computing: Shaping a Discipline presents a rich picture of computing from the viewpoints of the field’s champions. The book helps readers understand the debates about computing as a discipline. It explains the context of computing’s central debates and portrays a broad perspective of the discipline. The book first looks at computing as a formal, theoretical discipline that is in many ways similar to mathematics, yet different in crucial ways. It traces a number of discussions about the theoretical nature of computing from the field’s intellectual origins in mathematical logic to modern views of the role of theory in computing. The book then explores the debates about computing as an engineering discipline, from the central technical innovations to the birth of the modern technical paradigm of computing to computing’s arrival as a new technical profession to software engineering gradually becoming an academic discipline. It presents arguments for and against the view of computing as engineering within the context of software production and analyzes the clash between the theoretical and practical mindsets. The book concludes with the view of computing as a science in its own right—not just as a tool for other sciences. It covers the early identity debates of computing, various views of computing as a science, and some famous characterizations of the discipline. It also addresses the experimental computer science debate, the view of computing as a natural science, and the algorithmization of sciences.

Author : Amy L. Fairchild
Publisher : JHU Press
ISBN 13 : 9780801870804
Total Pages : 428 pages
Book Rating : 4.01/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Science at the Borders written by Amy L. Fairchild and published by JHU Press. This book was released on 2003-06-04 with total page 428 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fairchild has unearthed a curious fact about this ubiquitous rite of immigration - it was rarely undertaken to exclude immigrants.".

Author : CB Schedvin
Publisher : CSIRO PUBLISHING
ISBN 13 : 0643102795
Total Pages : 395 pages
Book Rating : 4.98/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Shaping Science and Industry written by CB Schedvin and published by CSIRO PUBLISHING. This book was released on 1987-01-01 with total page 395 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Shaping Science and Industry touches on Australia's intellectual, political and economic life. It provides an account of the rapid growth of CSIR (to become CSIRO) during World War II. The contributions of many outstanding personalities are described such as Sir George Julius, Sir Charles Martin, Hedley Marston, DF Martyn, AEV Richardson, Sir David Rivett, Ian Clunies Ross and FWG White.This book recounts the major effort to introduce and adapt new technologies as part of the war effort. Informative and non-technical accounts are given of some breakthroughs in agricultural research such as the eradication of prickly pear.

Author : Janet Vertesi
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 022669111X
Total Pages : 355 pages
Book Rating : 4.14/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Shaping Science written by Janet Vertesi and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2020-11-06 with total page 355 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: “A fascinating inside look at NASA missions” that provides important insight on the organizational aspects of scientific collaboration (American Journal of Sociology). In Shaping Science, Janet Vertesi draws on a decade of immersive ethnography with NASA’s robotic spacecraft teams to create a comparative account of two great space missions of the early 2000s. Although these missions featured robotic explorers on the frontiers of the solar system bravely investigating new worlds, their commands were issued from millions of miles away by a very human team. By examining the two teams’ formal structures, decision-making techniques, and informal work practices in the day-to-day process of mission planning, Vertesi shows just how deeply entangled a team’s local organizational context is with the knowledge they produce about other worlds. Using extensive, embedded experiences on two NASA spacecraft teams, this is the first book to apply organizational studies of work to the laboratory environment in order to analyze the production of scientific knowledge itself. Engaging and deeply researched, Shaping Science demonstrates the significant influence that the social organization of a scientific team can have on the practices of that team and the results they yield. “No matter how the lakes on Titan shimmer, or what the mineralogy of a particular Martian rock turns out to be, it was the people behind the spacecraft, keyboards and endless tele-conferences that drove what these interplanetary robots discovered. I’m glad to have come to know them even better through this book.” —Nature “A fun, illuminating read . . . scholars of science, technology, work, and organizations will find much to appreciate.” —American Journal of Sociology “Will be of great interest to all historians of science.” —Technology and Culture

Author : Charles Bazerman
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780299116941
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.48/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Shaping Written Knowledge written by Charles Bazerman and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The forms taken by scientific writing help to determine the very nature of science itself. In this closely reasoned study, Charles Bazerman views the changing forms of scientific writing as solutions to rhetorical problems faced by scientists arguing for their findings. Examining such works as the early Philosophical Transactions and Newton's optical writings as well as Physical Review, Bazerman views the changing forms of scientific writing as solutions to rhetorical problems faced by scientists. The rhetoric of science is, Bazerman demonstrates, an embedded part of scientific activity that interacts with other parts of scientific activity, including social structure and empirical experience. This book presents a comprehensive historical account of the rise and development of the genre, and views these forms in relation to empirical experience.

Author : David H. Guston
Publisher : Univ of Wisconsin Press
ISBN 13 : 0299219135
Total Pages : 382 pages
Book Rating : 4.30/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Shaping Science and Technology Policy written by David H. Guston and published by Univ of Wisconsin Press. This book was released on 2007-02-01 with total page 382 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With scientific progress occurring at a breathtaking pace, science and technology policy has never been more important than it is today. Yet there is a very real lack of public discourse about policy-making, and government involvement in science remains shrouded in both mystery and misunderstanding. Who is making choices about technology policy, and who stands to win or lose from these choices? What criteria are being used to make decisions and why? Does government involvement help or hinder scientific research? Shaping Science and Technology Policy brings together an exciting and diverse group of emerging scholars, both practitioners and academic experts, to investigate current issues in science and technology policy. Essays explore such topics as globalization, the shifting boundary between public and private, informed consent in human participation in scientific research, intellectual property and university science, and the distribution of the costs and benefits of research. Contributors: Charlotte Augst, Grant Black, Mark Brown, Kevin Elliott, Patrick Feng, Pamela M. Franklin, Carolyn Gideon, Tené N. Hamilton, Brian A. Jackson, Shobita Parthasarathy, Jason W. Patton, A. Abigail Payne, Bhaven Sampat, Christian Sandvig, Sheryl Winston Smith, Michael Whong-Barr

Author : Leah Ceccarelli
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 0226099075
Total Pages : 217 pages
Book Rating : 4.71/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Shaping Science with Rhetoric written by Leah Ceccarelli and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2001-07 with total page 217 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How do scientists persuade colleagues from diverse fields to cross the disciplinary divide, risking their careers in new interdisciplinary research programs? Why do some attempts to inspire such research win widespread acclaim and support, while others do not? In Shaping Science with Rhetoric, Leah Ceccarelli addresses such questions through close readings of three scientific monographs in their historical contexts—Theodosius Dobzhansky's Genetics and the Origin of Species (1937), which inspired the "modern synthesis" of evolutionary biology; Erwin Schrödinger's What Is Life? (1944), which catalyzed the field of molecular biology; and Edward O. Wilson's Consilience (1998), a so far not entirely successful attempt to unite the social and biological sciences. She examines the rhetorical strategies used in each book and evaluates which worked best, based on the reviews and scientific papers that followed in their wake. Ceccarelli's work will be important for anyone interested in how interdisciplinary fields are formed, from historians and rhetoricians of science to scientists themselves.