Science Before Socrates

Author : Daniel Graham
Publisher : OUP USA
ISBN 13 : 0199959781
Total Pages : 302 pages
Book Rating : 4.85/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Science before Socrates written by Daniel Graham and published by OUP USA. This book was released on 2013-08-01 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Science before Socrates, Daniel W. Graham argues against the belief that the Presocratic philosophers did not produce any empirical science and that the first major Greek science, astronomy, did not develop until at least the time of Plato. Instead, Graham proposes that the advances made by Presocratic philosophers in the study of astronomy deserve to be considered as scientific contributions.

Author : Richard D. McKirahan
Publisher : Hackett Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1603846026
Total Pages : 514 pages
Book Rating : 4.28/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Philosophy Before Socrates written by Richard D. McKirahan and published by Hackett Publishing. This book was released on 2011-03-15 with total page 514 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since its publication in 1994, Richard McKirahan's Philosophy Before Socrates has become the standard sourcebook in Presocratic philosophy. It provides a wide survey of Greek science, metaphysics, and moral and political philosophy, from their roots in myth to the philosophers and Sophists of the fifth century. A comprehensive selection of fragments and testimonia, translated by the author, is presented in the context of a thorough and accessible discussion. An introductory chapter deals with the sources of Presocratic and Sophistic texts and the special problems of interpretation they present. In its second edition, this work has been updated and expanded to reflect important new discoveries and the most recent scholarship. Changes and additions have been made throughout, the most significant of which are found in the chapters on the Pythagoreans, Parmenides, Zeno, Anaxagoras, and Empedocles, and the new chapter on Philolaus. The translations of some passages have been revised, as have some interpretations and discussions. A new Appendix provides translations of three Hippocratic writings and the Derveni papyrus.

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780199346035
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.38/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Science Before Socrates written by and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this work, Daniel W. Graham argues against the belief that the Presocratic philosophers did not produce any empirical science and that the first major Greek science, astronomy, did not develop until at least the time of Plato. Instead, Graham proposes that the advances made by presocratic philosophers in the study of astronomy deserve to be considered as scientific contributions

Author : Prof. F. M. Cornford
Publisher : Pickle Partners Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1786258846
Total Pages : 66 pages
Book Rating : 4.47/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Before And After Socrates written by Prof. F. M. Cornford and published by Pickle Partners Publishing. This book was released on 2016-03-28 with total page 66 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ‘Socrates was one of that small number of adventurers who, from time to time, have enlarged the horizon of the human spirit.’ In this book, F. M. Cornford explains why the life and work of Socrates stand out as marking a turning-point in the history of thought. He shows how Socrates revolutionized the concept of philosophy, converting it from the study of Nature to the study of the human soul, the meaning of right and wrong, and the ends for which we ought to live. This is, in fact, the story of the whole creative period of Greek philosophy—the Ionian science of Nature before Socrates, Socrates himself, and his chief followers, Plato and his pupil Aristotle. It tells of the different contributions each made, and shows how within three centuries the Greek tradition grew to maturity and the fullness of intellectual power. ‘Refreshing and stimulating...it is not only a masterly piece of condensation, nor only a delightful introduction to further reading; it is more, and it claims the attention of every serious student of the subject.’—Journal of Hellenic Studies ‘It can be confidently recommended to those who wish for a competent statement in a short compass of what the Greek philosophers believed and why.’—C. E. M. JOAD in New Statesman ‘Provides a clear insight into the development of Greek philosophy and a brilliant commentary on the Greek mind and its attitude to life. The first chapter forms one of the most attractive introductions to philosophy that it is possible to find.’—The Times Literary Supplement

Author : Paul F. Kisak
Publisher : Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
ISBN 13 : 9781533309853
Total Pages : 236 pages
Book Rating : 4.5X/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Pre-Socratic Philosophers and Scientists written by Paul F. Kisak and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2016-05-16 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pre-Socratic philosophy is ancient Greek philosophy before Socrates (and includes schools contemporary to Socrates that were not influenced by him). In Classical antiquity, the Presocratic philosophers were called physiologoi ( in English, physical or natural philosophers). Aristotle called them physikoi ("physicists", after physis, "nature") because they sought natural explanations for phenomena, as opposed to the earlier theologoi (theologians), whose philosophical basis was supernatural. Diogenes Laërtius divides the physiologoi into two groups, Ionian and Italiote, led by Anaximander and Pythagoras, respectively. It may sometimes be difficult to determine the actual line of argument some Presocratics used in supporting their particular views. While most of them produced significant texts, none of the texts has survived in complete form. All that is available are quotations by later philosophers (often biased) and historians, and the occasional textual fragment.The Pre-socratic philosophers rejected traditional mythological explanations of the phenomena they saw around them in favor of more rational explanations. These philosophers asked questions about "the essence of things."* From where does everything come?* From what is everything created?* How do we explain the plurality of things found in nature?* How might we describe nature mathematically?Others concentrated on defining problems and paradoxes that became the basis for later mathematical, scientific and philosophic study.Later philosophers rejected many of the answers the early Greek philosophers provided, but continued to place importance on their questions. Furthermore, the cosmologies proposed by them have been updated by later developments in science.This book outlines the history and contributions of 38 major pre-socratic philosophers and scientists.

Author : Kathleen Freeman
Publisher : Harvard University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780674035010
Total Pages : 176 pages
Book Rating : 4.11/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Ancilla to the Pre-Socratic Philosophers written by Kathleen Freeman and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 1983 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a complete translation of the fragments of the pre-Socratic philosophers given in the fifth edition of Diels, Fragmente der Vorsokratiker.

Author : André Laks
Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 0691191484
Total Pages : 150 pages
Book Rating : 4.85/5 ( download)

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Download or read book The Concept of Presocratic Philosophy written by André Laks and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2019-06-04 with total page 150 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When we talk about Presocratic philosophy, we are speaking about the origins of Greek philosophy and Western rationality itself. But what exactly does it mean to talk about “Presocratic philosophy” in the first place? How did early Greek thinkers come to be considered collectively as Presocratic philosophers? In this brief book, André Laks provides a history of the influential idea of Presocratic philosophy, tracing its historical and philosophical significance and consequences, from its ancient antecedents to its full crystallization in the modern period and its continuing effects today. Laks examines ancient Greek and Roman views about the birth of philosophy before turning to the eighteenth-century emergence of the term “Presocratics” and the debates about it that spanned the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. He analyzes the intellectual circumstances that led to the idea of Presocratic philosophy—and what was and is at stake in the construction of the notion. The book closes by comparing two models of the history of philosophy—the phenomenological, represented by Hans-Georg Gadamer, and the rationalist, represented by Ernst Cassirer—and their implications for Presocratic philosophy, as well as other categories of philosophical history. Other figures discussed include Plato, Aristotle, Cicero, Diogenes Laertius, Schleiermacher, Hegel, Nietzsche, Max Weber, and J.-P. Vernant. Challenging standard histories of Presocratic philosophy, the book calls for a reconsideration of the conventional story of early Greek philosophy and Western rationality.

Author : Daniel W. Graham
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1119110165
Total Pages : 216 pages
Book Rating : 4.63/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Ancient Philosophy written by Daniel W. Graham and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2020-03-11 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive yet accessible survey of ancient philosophy, covering Greek, Roman, and early Judeo-Christian philosophy, ideal for introductory courses in the ancient roots of modern worldviews Part of the popular Fundamentals of Philosophy series, Ancient Philosophy is an ideal resource for beginning students as well as for advanced students wishing to hone their understanding of the philosophies of the ancient world. Clear and engaging, this book covers a representative selection of major ancient thinkers, movements, and schools of thought, including the Sophists and other significant Presocratics, Socrates, Plato, Aristotle, Hellenistic philosophy, the Stoics, the Skeptics, and early Judeo-Christian philosophy up to Augustine. Written by a prominent scholar and author in ancient philosophy studies, this book: Provides an overview of important issues in the study of the philosophies of the ancient world Explores the relevance of the theories of ancient thinkers to the modern world Charts the progression in the ancient world from worldviews based in mythology to systems of thought based on the analysis of evidence Presents up-to-date scholarship as well as historical material from ancient sources Assumes no prior knowledge of philosophy and examines all arguments carefully and sequentially

Author : Daniel W. Graham
Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 1400827450
Total Pages : 364 pages
Book Rating : 4.59/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Explaining the Cosmos written by Daniel W. Graham and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2009-11-20 with total page 364 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Explaining the Cosmos is a major reinterpretation of Greek scientific thought before Socrates. Focusing on the scientific tradition of philosophy, Daniel Graham argues that Presocratic philosophy is not a mere patchwork of different schools and styles of thought. Rather, there is a discernible and unified Ionian tradition that dominates Presocratic debates. Graham rejects the common interpretation of the early Ionians as "material monists" and also the view of the later Ionians as desperately trying to save scientific philosophy from Parmenides' criticisms. In Graham's view, Parmenides plays a constructive role in shaping the scientific debates of the fifth century BC. Accordingly, the history of Presocratic philosophy can be seen not as a series of dialectical failures, but rather as a series of theoretical advances that led to empirical discoveries. Indeed, the Ionian tradition can be seen as the origin of the scientific conception of the world that we still hold today.

Author : Dustin Sebell
Publisher : University of Pennsylvania Press
ISBN 13 : 0812292243
Total Pages : 233 pages
Book Rating : 4.44/5 ( download)

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Download or read book The Socratic Turn written by Dustin Sebell and published by University of Pennsylvania Press. This book was released on 2015-12-17 with total page 233 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Socratic Turn addresses the question of whether we can acquire genuine knowledge of good and evil, right and wrong. Reputedly, Socrates was the first philosopher to make the attempt. But Socrates was a materialistic natural scientist in his youth, and it was only much later in life—after he had rejected materialistic natural science—that he finally turned, around the age of forty, to the examination of ordinary moral and political opinions, or to moral-political philosophy so understood. Through a consideration of Plato's account of Socrates' intellectual development, and with a view to relevant works of the pre-Socratics, Xenophon, Aristotle, Hesiod, Homer, and Aristophanes, Dustin Sebell reproduces the course of thought that carried Socrates from materialistic natural science to moral-political philosophy. By doing so, he seeks to recover an all but forgotten approach to the question of justice, one still worthy of being called scientific.