Reproducibility In Biomedical Research

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309486165
Total Pages : 257 pages
Book Rating : 4.63/5 ( download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Download or read book Reproducibility and Replicability in Science written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2019-10-20 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of the pathways by which the scientific community confirms the validity of a new scientific discovery is by repeating the research that produced it. When a scientific effort fails to independently confirm the computations or results of a previous study, some fear that it may be a symptom of a lack of rigor in science, while others argue that such an observed inconsistency can be an important precursor to new discovery. Concerns about reproducibility and replicability have been expressed in both scientific and popular media. As these concerns came to light, Congress requested that the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine conduct a study to assess the extent of issues related to reproducibility and replicability and to offer recommendations for improving rigor and transparency in scientific research. Reproducibility and Replicability in Science defines reproducibility and replicability and examines the factors that may lead to non-reproducibility and non-replicability in research. Unlike the typical expectation of reproducibility between two computations, expectations about replicability are more nuanced, and in some cases a lack of replicability can aid the process of scientific discovery. This report provides recommendations to researchers, academic institutions, journals, and funders on steps they can take to improve reproducibility and replicability in science.

Author : Michael Williams
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0128047267
Total Pages : 382 pages
Book Rating : 4.62/5 ( download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Download or read book Research in the Biomedical Sciences written by Michael Williams and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2017-10-20 with total page 382 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research in the Biomedical Sciences: Transparent and Reproducible documents the widespread concerns related to reproducibility in biomedical research and provides a best practices guide to effective and transparent hypothesis generation, experimental design, reagent standardization (including validation and authentication), statistical analysis, and data reporting. The book addresses issues in the perceived value of the existing peer review process and calls for the need for improved transparency in data reporting. It reflects new guidelines for publication that include manuscript checklists, replication/reproducibility initiatives, and the potential consequences for the biomedical research community and societal health and well-being if training, mentoring, and funding of new generations of researchers and incentives for publications are not improved. This book offers real world examples, insights, and solutions to provide a thought-provoking and timely resource for all those learning about, or engaged in, performing and supervising research across the biomedical sciences. Provides a “big picture perspective on the scope of reproducibility issues and covers initiatives that have potential as effective solutions Offers real-world research context for transparent, reproducible experimental design, execution and reporting of biomedical research with the potential to address aspects of the translational gap in drug discovery Highlights the importance of reproducibility and the necessary changes in biomedical and pharmaceutical research training and incentives to ensure sustainability

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309663490
Total Pages : 143 pages
Book Rating : 4.96/5 ( download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Download or read book Enhancing Scientific Reproducibility in Biomedical Research Through Transparent Reporting written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2020-05-28 with total page 143 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sharing knowledge is what drives scientific progress - each new advance or innovation in biomedical research builds on previous observations. However, for experimental findings to be broadly accepted as credible by the scientific community, they must be verified by other researchers. An essential step is for researchers to report their findings in a manner that is understandable to others in the scientific community and provide sufficient information for others to validate the original results and build on them. In recent years, concern has been growing over a number of studies that have failed to replicate previous results and evidence from larger meta-analyses, which have pointed to the lack of reproducibility in biomedical research. On September 25 and 26, 2019, the National Academies of Science, Engineering, and Medicine hosted a public workshop in Washington, DC, to discuss the current state of transparency in the reporting of preclinical biomedical research and to explore opportunities for harmonizing reporting guidelines across journals and funding agencies. Convened jointly by the Forum on Drug Discovery, Development, and Translation; the Forum on Neuroscience and Nervous System Disorders; the National Cancer Policy Forum; and the Roundtable on Genomics and Precision Health, the workshop primarily focused on transparent reporting in preclinical research, but also considered lessons learned and best practices from clinical research reporting. This publication summarizes the presentation and discussion of the workshop.

Author : Nicholas H. Steneck
Publisher : DIANE Publishing
ISBN 13 : 143791456X
Total Pages : 182 pages
Book Rating : 4.66/5 ( download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Download or read book Introduction to the Responsible Conduct of Research (rev. Ed. ) written by Nicholas H. Steneck and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2009-09 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report seeks to supplement existing resources by making a comprehensive overview of basic rules of the road for responsible research available to all U.S. Public Health Service-funded researchers. It has been prepared with the needs of small and mid-size research and institutions and beginning researchers in mind, but it may be used in other settings. Illustrations.

Author : Erwin B. Montgomery Jr.
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0443138303
Total Pages : 464 pages
Book Rating : 4.00/5 ( download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Download or read book Reproducibility in Biomedical Research written by Erwin B. Montgomery Jr. and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2024-04-26 with total page 464 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reproducibility in Biomedical Research: Epistemological and Statistical Problems, 2nd Ed. explores the ideas and conundrums inherent in scientific research. Reproducibility is one of the biggest challenges in biomedical research. It affects not only the ability to replicate results, but the very trust in the findings. Since published in 2019, Reproducibility of Biomedical Research: Epistemological and Statistical Problems established itself as a solid ethical reference in the area, leading to significant reflection on biomedical research. The second edition addresses new challenges to reproducibility in biosciences, namely reproducibility of machine learning Artificial Intelligence (AI), reproducibility of translation from research to medical care, and the fundamental challenges to reproducibility. All current chapters will be expanded to cover advances in the topics previously addressed. Reproducibility in Biomedical Research: Epistemological and Statistical Problems, 2nd Ed. provides biomedical researchers with a framework to better understand the reproducibility challenges in the area. Newly introduced interactive exercises and updated case studies help students understand the fundamental concepts involved in the area. Includes four new chapters and updates across the book, covering recent developments of issues affecting reproducibility in biomedical researchCovers reproducibility of results from machine learning AI algorithmsPresents new case studies to illustrate challenges in related fieldsIncludes a companion website with interactive exercises and summary tables

Author : Richard Harris
Publisher : Hachette UK
ISBN 13 : 046509791X
Total Pages : 288 pages
Book Rating : 4.13/5 ( download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Download or read book Rigor Mortis written by Richard Harris and published by Hachette UK. This book was released on 2017-04-04 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An essential book to understanding whether the new miracle cure is good science or simply too good to be true American taxpayers spend $30 billion annually funding biomedical research, but over half of these studies can't be replicated due to poor experimental design, improper methods, and sloppy statistics. Bad science doesn't just hold back medical progress, it can sign the equivalent of a death sentence for terminal patients. In Rigor Mortis, Richard Harris explores these urgent issues with vivid anecdotes, personal stories, and interviews with the top biomedical researchers. We need to fix our dysfunctional biomedical system -- before it's too late.

Author : Christopher Gandrud
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 0429629591
Total Pages : 299 pages
Book Rating : 4.94/5 ( download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Download or read book Reproducible Research with R and RStudio written by Christopher Gandrud and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-02-21 with total page 299 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Praise for previous editions: "Gandrud has written a great outline of how a fully reproducible research project should look from start to finish, with brief explanations of each tool that he uses along the way... Advanced undergraduate students in mathematics, statistics, and similar fields as well as students just beginning their graduate studies would benefit the most from reading this book. Many more experienced R users or second-year graduate students might find themselves thinking, ‘I wish I’d read this book at the start of my studies, when I was first learning R!’...This book could be used as the main text for a class on reproducible research ..." (The American Statistician) Reproducible Research with R and R Studio, Third Edition brings together the skills and tools needed for doing and presenting computational research. Using straightforward examples, the book takes you through an entire reproducible research workflow. This practical workflow enables you to gather and analyze data as well as dynamically present results in print and on the web. Supplementary materials and example are available on the author’s website. New to the Third Edition Updated package recommendations, examples, URLs, and removed technologies no longer in regular use. More advanced R Markdown (and less LaTeX) in discussions of markup languages and examples. Stronger focus on reproducible working directory tools. Updated discussion of cloud storage services and persistent reproducible material citation. Added discussion of Jupyter notebooks and reproducible practices in industry. Examples of data manipulation with Tidyverse tibbles (in addition to standard data frames) and pivot_longer() and pivot_wider() functions for pivoting data. Features Incorporates the most important advances that have been developed since the editions were published Describes a complete reproducible research workflow, from data gathering to the presentation of results Shows how to automatically generate tables and figures using R Includes instructions on formatting a presentation document via markup languages Discusses cloud storage and versioning services, particularly Github Explains how to use Unix-like shell programs for working with large research projects

Author : Justin Kitzes
Publisher : Univ of California Press
ISBN 13 : 0520294750
Total Pages : 364 pages
Book Rating : 4.52/5 ( download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Download or read book The Practice of Reproducible Research written by Justin Kitzes and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 2018 with total page 364 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Practice of Reproducible Research presents concrete examples of how researchers in the data-intensive sciences are working to improve the reproducibility of their research projects. In each of the thirty-one case studies in this volume, the author or team describes the workflow that they used to complete a real-world research project. Authors highlight how they utilized particular tools, ideas, and practices to support reproducibility, emphasizing the very practical how, rather than the why or what, of conducting reproducible research. Part 1 provides an accessible introduction to reproducible research, a basic reproducible research project template, and a synthesis of lessons learned from across the thirty-one case studies. Parts 2 and 3 focus on the case studies themselves. The Practice of Reproducible Research is an invaluable resource for students and researchers who wish to better understand the practice of data-intensive sciences and learn how to make their own research more reproducible.

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309391253
Total Pages : 327 pages
Book Rating : 4.52/5 ( download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Download or read book Fostering Integrity in Research written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2018-01-13 with total page 327 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The integrity of knowledge that emerges from research is based on individual and collective adherence to core values of objectivity, honesty, openness, fairness, accountability, and stewardship. Integrity in science means that the organizations in which research is conducted encourage those involved to exemplify these values in every step of the research process. Understanding the dynamics that support â€" or distort â€" practices that uphold the integrity of research by all participants ensures that the research enterprise advances knowledge. The 1992 report Responsible Science: Ensuring the Integrity of the Research Process evaluated issues related to scientific responsibility and the conduct of research. It provided a valuable service in describing and analyzing a very complicated set of issues, and has served as a crucial basis for thinking about research integrity for more than two decades. However, as experience has accumulated with various forms of research misconduct, detrimental research practices, and other forms of misconduct, as subsequent empirical research has revealed more about the nature of scientific misconduct, and because technological and social changes have altered the environment in which science is conducted, it is clear that the framework established more than two decades ago needs to be updated. Responsible Science served as a valuable benchmark to set the context for this most recent analysis and to help guide the committee's thought process. Fostering Integrity in Research identifies best practices in research and recommends practical options for discouraging and addressing research misconduct and detrimental research practices.

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309392020
Total Pages : 133 pages
Book Rating : 4.20/5 ( download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Download or read book Statistical Challenges in Assessing and Fostering the Reproducibility of Scientific Results written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2016-03-29 with total page 133 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Questions about the reproducibility of scientific research have been raised in numerous settings and have gained visibility through several high-profile journal and popular press articles. Quantitative issues contributing to reproducibility challenges have been considered (including improper data measurement and analysis, inadequate statistical expertise, and incomplete data, among others), but there is no clear consensus on how best to approach or to minimize these problems. A lack of reproducibility of scientific results has created some distrust in scientific findings among the general public, scientists, funding agencies, and industries. While studies fail for a variety of reasons, many factors contribute to the lack of perfect reproducibility, including insufficient training in experimental design, misaligned incentives for publication and the implications for university tenure, intentional manipulation, poor data management and analysis, and inadequate instances of statistical inference. The workshop summarized in this report was designed not to address the social and experimental challenges but instead to focus on the latter issues of improper data management and analysis, inadequate statistical expertise, incomplete data, and difficulties applying sound statistic inference to the available data. Many efforts have emerged over recent years to draw attention to and improve reproducibility of scientific work. This report uniquely focuses on the statistical perspective of three issues: the extent of reproducibility, the causes of reproducibility failures, and the potential remedies for these failures.