Rationality Consciousness

Author : David Hodgson
Publisher : OUP USA
ISBN 13 : 0199845301
Total Pages : 278 pages
Book Rating : 4.09/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Rationality + Consciousness = Free Will written by David Hodgson and published by OUP USA. This book was released on 2012-01-04 with total page 278 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The author examines the idea of free will, arguing that consideration of human rationality and consciousness together gives us free will.

Author : David R. Olson
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1107162890
Total Pages : 285 pages
Book Rating : 4.91/5 ( download)

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Download or read book The Mind on Paper written by David R. Olson and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2016-11-07 with total page 285 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Shows why reading and writing are essential to developing a consciousness of language that, in turn, lies at the core of rationality.

Author : Keith Stanovich
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0195341147
Total Pages : 341 pages
Book Rating : 4.40/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Rationality and the Reflective Mind written by Keith Stanovich and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2011-02-03 with total page 341 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "In this book, Keith Stanovich attempts to resolve the Great Rationality Debate in cognitive science-the debate about how much irrationality to ascribe to human cognition. Stanovich shows how the insights of dual-process theory and evolutionary psychology can be combined to explain why humans are sometimes irrational even though they possess cognitive machinery of remarkable adaptiveness. Using a unique individual differences approach, Stanovich shows that to fully characterize differences in rational thinking, the traditional System 2 of dual-process theory must be partitioned into the reflective mind and the algorithmic mind. He posits that we need to supersede dual-process theories with tripartite models of cognition. The key operations of the algorithmic mind and the reflective mind that support human rationality are discussed in the book. The key function of the algorithmic mind is to sustain the processing of decoupled secondary representations in cognitive simulation. The key function of the reflective mind, in contrast, is to detect the need to interrupt autonomous processing and to begin simulation activities. Stanovich uses the algorithmic/reflective distinction to develop a taxonomy of cognitive errors that are made on tasks in the heuristics and biases literature. He presents empirical data to show that the tendency to make these thinking errors is only modestly related to intelligence. Using the new tripartite model of mind, Stanovich shows how rationality is a more encompassing construct than intelligence-when both are properly defined-and that IQ tests fail to assess individual differences in rational thought. Stanovich discusses the types of thinking processes that would be measured in an assessment of rational thinking"--Provided by publisher.

Author : José Luis Bermúdez
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780199256839
Total Pages : 302 pages
Book Rating : 4.37/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Reason and Nature written by José Luis Bermúdez and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2002 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In a series of essays nine philosophers and two psychologists address three main themes: the status of norms of rationality; the precise form taken by them; and the role of norms in belief and actions.

Author : Frank J. Hoffman
Publisher : Motilal Banarsidass Publishe
ISBN 13 : 9788120819276
Total Pages : 144 pages
Book Rating : 4.76/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Rationality and Mind in Early Buddhism written by Frank J. Hoffman and published by Motilal Banarsidass Publishe. This book was released on 2002 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Corrected Edition

Author : Scott Sturgeon
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0192584669
Total Pages : 384 pages
Book Rating : 4.63/5 ( download)

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Download or read book The Rational Mind written by Scott Sturgeon and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2020-01-30 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Scott Sturgeon presents an original account of mental states and their dynamics. He develops a detailed story of coarse- and fine-grained mental states, a novel perspective on how they fit together, an engaging theory of the rational transitions between them, and a fresh view of how formal methods can advance our understanding in this area. In doing so, he addresses a deep four-way divide in literature on epistemic rationality. Formal epistemology is done in specialized languages—often seeming a lot more like mathematics than Plato—and so can alienate philosophers who are drawn to more traditional work on thought experiments in epistemic rationality. Conversely, informal epistemology appears to be a lot more like Plato than mathematics and, as such, it tends to deter philosophers drawn to formal models of the phenomena. Similarly, the epistemology of coarse-grained states boils down everything to a discussion of rational belief—making the area appear a lot more like foundations of knowledge than anything useful for the theory rational decision, such as decision-making under uncertainty. The Rational Mind unifies work in all of these areas for the first time.

Author : Keith E. Stanovich
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 0262034840
Total Pages : 479 pages
Book Rating : 4.45/5 ( download)

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Download or read book The Rationality Quotient written by Keith E. Stanovich and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2016-09-30 with total page 479 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How to assess critical aspects of cognitive functioning that are not measured by IQ tests: rational thinking skills. Why are we surprised when smart people act foolishly? Smart people do foolish things all the time. Misjudgments and bad decisions by highly educated bankers and money managers, for example, brought us the financial crisis of 2008. Smart people do foolish things because intelligence is not the same as the capacity for rational thinking. The Rationality Quotient explains that these two traits, often (and incorrectly) thought of as one, refer to different cognitive functions. The standard IQ test, the authors argue, doesn't measure any of the broad components of rationality—adaptive responding, good judgment, and good decision making. The authors show that rational thinking, like intelligence, is a measurable cognitive competence. Drawing on theoretical work and empirical research from the last two decades, they present the first prototype for an assessment of rational thinking analogous to the IQ test: the CART (Comprehensive Assessment of Rational Thinking). The authors describe the theoretical underpinnings of the CART, distinguishing the algorithmic mind from the reflective mind. They discuss the logic of the tasks used to measure cognitive biases, and they develop a unique typology of thinking errors. The Rationality Quotient explains the components of rational thought assessed by the CART, including probabilistic and scientific reasoning; the avoidance of “miserly” information processing; and the knowledge structures needed for rational thinking. Finally, the authors discuss studies of the CART and the social and practical implications of such a test. An appendix offers sample items from the test.

Author : Roy Harris
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1135838763
Total Pages : 207 pages
Book Rating : 4.68/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Rationality and the Literate Mind written by Roy Harris and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2009-01-13 with total page 207 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book re-examines the old debate about the relationship between rationality and literacy. Does writing "restructure consciousness?" Do preliterate societies have a different "mind-set" from literate societies? Is reason "built in" to the way we think? How is literacy related to numeracy? Is the "logical form" that Western philosophers recognize anything more than an extrapolation from the structure of the written sentence? Is logic, as developed formally in Western education, intrinsically beyond the reach of the preliterate mind? What light, if any, do the findings of contemporary neuroscience throw on such issues? Roy Harris challenges the received mainstream opinion that reason is an intrinsic property of the human mind, and argues that the whole Western conception of rational thought, from Classical Greece down to modern symbolic logic, is a by-product of the way literacy developed in European cultures.

Author : Jon Elster
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521644877
Total Pages : 468 pages
Book Rating : 4.79/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Alchemies of the Mind written by Jon Elster and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1999 with total page 468 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive book on the emotions considering the full range of theoretical approaches.

Author : David Hodgson
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0190208600
Total Pages : 288 pages
Book Rating : 4.08/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Rationality + Consciousness = Free Will written by David Hodgson and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2012-01-04 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years, philosophical discussions of free will have focused largely on whether or not free will is compatible with determinism. In this challenging book, David Hodgson takes a fresh approach to the question of free will, contending that close consideration of human rationality and human consciousness shows that together they give us free will, in a robust and indeterministic sense. In particular, they give us the capacity to respond appositely to feature-rich gestalts of conscious experiences, in ways that are not wholly determined by laws of nature or computational rules. The author contends that this approach is consistent with what science tells us about the world; and he considers its implications for our responsibility for our own conduct, for the role of retribution in criminal punishment, and for the place of human beings in the wider scheme of things. Praise for David Hodgson's previous work, The Mind Matters "magisterial...It is balanced, extraordinarily thorough and scrupulously fair-minded; and it is written in clear, straightforward, accessible prose." --Michael Lockwood, Times Literary Supplement "an excellent contribution to the literature. It is well written, authoritative, and wonderfully wide-ranging. ... This account of quantum theory ... will surely be of great value. ... On the front cover of the paper edition of this book Paul Davies is quoted as saying that this is "a truly splendid and provocative book". In writing this review I have allowed myself to be provoked, but I am happy to close by giving my endorsement to this verdict in its entirety!" --Euan Squires, Journal of Consciousness Studies "well argued and extremely important book." --Sheena Meredith, New Scientist "His reconstructions and explanations are always concise and clear." --Jeffrey A Barrett, The Philosophical Review "In this large-scale and ambitious work Hodgson attacks a modern orthodoxy. Both its proponents and its opponents will find it compelling reading." --J. R. Lucas, Merton College, Oxford