Observational Studies Of Photonuclear Reactions Triggered By Lightning Discharges

Author : Yuuki Wada
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9789811604607
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.06/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Observational Studies of Photonuclear Reactions Triggered by Lightning Discharges written by Yuuki Wada and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents the first simultaneous detection of neutrons and positrons after a terrestrial gamma-ray flash (TGF), a highest-energy transient phenomenon on the earth, triggered by a lightning discharge, based on innovative ground-based observations made in the Hokuriku area of Japan. TGFs, known to be produced by lightning discharges since the 1990s, has been theoretically predicted to react with atmospheric nuclei via photonuclear reactions because they comprise high-energy photons of more than 10 MeV, but such photonuclear reactions by lightning discharges, which produce neutrons and unstable isotopes emitting positrons, were not observationally confirmed. The reactions and propagations of their products in the atmosphere are modeled with Monte Carlo simulations to quantitatively evaluate observations of TGFs, neutrons, and positrons at ground level. The successful comparison between observation and simulation is presented, and demonstrates that lightning discharges to trigger photonuclear reactions and to even produce isotopes in the atmosphere.

Author : Yuuki Wada
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 9811604592
Total Pages : 190 pages
Book Rating : 4.91/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Observational Studies of Photonuclear Reactions Triggered by Lightning Discharges written by Yuuki Wada and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-03-08 with total page 190 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents the first simultaneous detection of neutrons and positrons after a terrestrial gamma-ray flash (TGF), a highest-energy transient phenomenon on the earth, triggered by a lightning discharge, based on innovative ground-based observations made in the Hokuriku area of Japan. TGFs, known to be produced by lightning discharges since the 1990s, has been theoretically predicted to react with atmospheric nuclei via photonuclear reactions because they comprise high-energy photons of more than 10 MeV, but such photonuclear reactions by lightning discharges, which produce neutrons and unstable isotopes emitting positrons, were not observationally confirmed. The reactions and propagations of their products in the atmosphere are modeled with Monte Carlo simulations to quantitatively evaluate observations of TGFs, neutrons, and positrons at ground level. The successful comparison between observation and simulation is presented, and demonstrates that lightning discharges to trigger photonuclear reactions and to even produce isotopes in the atmosphere.

Author : Yuuki Wada
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9789811604614
Total Pages : 176 pages
Book Rating : 4.14/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Observational Studies of Photonuclear Reactions Triggered by Lightning Discharges written by Yuuki Wada and published by Springer. This book was released on 2022-03-10 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents the first simultaneous detection of neutrons and positrons after a terrestrial gamma-ray flash (TGF), a highest-energy transient phenomenon on the earth, triggered by a lightning discharge, based on innovative ground-based observations made in the Hokuriku area of Japan. TGFs, known to be produced by lightning discharges since the 1990s, has been theoretically predicted to react with atmospheric nuclei via photonuclear reactions because they comprise high-energy photons of more than 10 MeV, but such photonuclear reactions by lightning discharges, which produce neutrons and unstable isotopes emitting positrons, were not observationally confirmed. The reactions and propagations of their products in the atmosphere are modeled with Monte Carlo simulations to quantitatively evaluate observations of TGFs, neutrons, and positrons at ground level. The successful comparison between observation and simulation is presented, and demonstrates that lightning discharges to trigger photonuclear reactions and to even produce isotopes in the atmosphere.

Author : Paul Rosenbaum
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 100037002X
Total Pages : 273 pages
Book Rating : 4.27/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Replication and Evidence Factors in Observational Studies written by Paul Rosenbaum and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2021-03-30 with total page 273 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Outside of randomized experiments, association does not imply causation, and yet there is nothing defective about our knowledge that smoking causes lung cancer, a conclusion reached in the absence of randomized experimentation with humans. How is that possible? If observed associations do not identify causal effects in observational studies, how can a sequence of such associations become decisive? Two or more associations may each be susceptible to unmeasured biases, yet not susceptible to the same biases. An observational study has two evidence factors if it provides two comparisons susceptible to different biases that may be combined as if from independent studies of different data by different investigators, despite using the same data twice. If the two factors concur, then they may exhibit greater insensitivity to unmeasured biases than either factor exhibits on its own. Replication and Evidence Factors in Observational Studies includes four parts: A concise introduction to causal inference, making the book self-contained Practical examples of evidence factors from the health and social sciences with analyses in R The theory of evidence factors Study design with evidence factors A companion R package evident is available from CRAN.

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309036801
Total Pages : 279 pages
Book Rating : 4.01/5 ( download)

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Download or read book The Earth's Electrical Environment written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1986-02-01 with total page 279 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This latest addition to the Studies in Geophysics series explores in scientific detail the phenomenon of lightning, cloud, and thunderstorm electricity, and global and regional electrical processes. Consisting of 16 papers by outstanding experts in a number of fields, this volume compiles and reviews many recent advances in such research areas as meteorology, chemistry, electrical engineering, and physics and projects how new knowledge could be applied to benefit mankind.

Author : Alfredo Ferrari
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 410 pages
Book Rating : 4.81/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Fluka written by Alfredo Ferrari and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 410 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Author : Kaoru Yamanouchi
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319648403
Total Pages : 223 pages
Book Rating : 4.08/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Progress in Ultrafast Intense Laser Science XIII written by Kaoru Yamanouchi and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-12-22 with total page 223 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thirteenth volume in the PUILS series covers a broad range of topics from this interdisciplinary research field, focusing on atoms, molecules, and clusters interacting in intense laser field and high-order harmonics generation and their applications. The series delivers up-to-date reviews of progress in ultrafast intense laser science, the interdisciplinary research field spanning atomic and molecular physics, molecular science, and optical science, which has been stimulated by the developments in ultrafast laser technologies. Each volume compiles peer-reviewed articles authored by researchers at the forefront of each their own subfields of UILS. Typically, each chapter opens with an overview of the topics to be discussed, so that researchers unfamiliar to the subfield, as well as graduate students, can grasp the importance and attractions of the research topic at hand; these are followed by reports of cutting-edge discoveries.

Author : Antonio Giulietti
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3642038603
Total Pages : 223 pages
Book Rating : 4.00/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Progress in Ultrafast Intense Laser Science written by Antonio Giulietti and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-05-21 with total page 223 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume covers a range of topics from this interdisciplinary field, focusing on coherent responses of gaseous and condensed matter to ultrashort intense laser pulses, propagation of intense laser pulses, and laser-plasma interaction and its applications.

Author : Fusa Miyake
Publisher : Programme: Aas-Iop Astronomy
ISBN 13 : 9780750322300
Total Pages : 300 pages
Book Rating : 4.06/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Extreme Solar Particle Storms written by Fusa Miyake and published by Programme: Aas-Iop Astronomy. This book was released on 2019-12-03 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Extreme Solar Particle Storms: The hostile Sun provides a consolidated review of our current understanding of extreme solar events, or black swans, that leave our technological society vulnerable. Written by experts at the forefront of the growing field of solar storms, this book will be of interest to students and researchers, as well as those curious about the threat that our Sun poses to the modern world.

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.22/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Nuclear Science Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1962 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: NSA is a comprehensive collection of international nuclear science and technology literature for the period 1948 through 1976, pre-dating the prestigious INIS database, which began in 1970. NSA existed as a printed product (Volumes 1-33) initially, created by DOE's predecessor, the U.S. Atomic Energy Commission (AEC). NSA includes citations to scientific and technical reports from the AEC, the U.S. Energy Research and Development Administration and its contractors, plus other agencies and international organizations, universities, and industrial and research organizations. References to books, conference proceedings, papers, patents, dissertations, engineering drawings, and journal articles from worldwide sources are also included. Abstracts and full text are provided if available.