Objectivity Empiricism And Truth

Author : R. W. Newell
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317440269
Total Pages : 136 pages
Book Rating : 4.60/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Objectivity, Empiricism and Truth written by R. W. Newell and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2015-06-05 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Originally published in 1986. Wittgenstein, William James, Thomas Kuhn and John Wisdom share an attitude towards problems in the theory of knowledge which is fundamentally in conflict with the empiricist tradition. They encourage the idea that in understanding the central concepts of epistemology – objectivity, certainty and reasoning – people and their practices matter most. This clash between orthodox empiricism and a freshly inspired pragmatism forms the background to the strands of argument in this book. With these philosophers as a guide, it points to new directions by showing how the theory of knowledge can be shaped around our actions without sacrificing reason’s control over our beliefs.

Author : Crispin Wright
Publisher : Harvard University Press
ISBN 13 : 0674045386
Total Pages : 263 pages
Book Rating : 4.85/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Truth and Objectivity written by Crispin Wright and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2009-07-01 with total page 263 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Crispin Wright offers an original perspective on the place of “realism” in philosophical inquiry. He proposes a radically new framework for discussing the claims of the realists and the anti-realists. This framework rejects the classical “deflationary” conception of truth yet allows both disputants to respect the intuition that judgments, whose status they contest, are at least semantically fitted for truth and may often justifiably be regarded as true. In the course of his argument, Wright offers original critical discussions of many central concerns of philosophers interested in realism, including the “deflationary” conception of truth, internal realist truth, scientific realism and the theoreticity of observation, and the role of moral states of affairs in explanations of moral beliefs.

Author : Guy Axtell
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1509502092
Total Pages : 216 pages
Book Rating : 4.97/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Objectivity written by Guy Axtell and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2016-09-12 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What do you find more trustworthy, experts or numbers, personal 'know-how' or 'objective facts'? Can science claim special authority based on the objectivity of its methods? Are our ethical decisions always better when we strive to be impartial and unbiased? Why should we value objectivity, and is it achievable anyway? These are a few of the thought-provoking questions Guy Axtell asks in this comprehensive new text book, employing examples from the natural and social sciences as well as philosophy. This unique introduction surveys the key issues in a clear and concise way, assessing the nature of objectivity and value of the demand to be impartial decision-makers. Moving beyond the fundamentals, Axtell explores contemporary feminist and social epistemological attempts to 'reconstruct' the concept of objectivity, explains the implications of the so-called science wars for philosophy and the analytical method, and the ethical consequences of these debates. Objectivity is an excellent introduction to one of the most exciting areas of study in philosophy and science today. Students and scholars alike will value this balanced guide to a hotly contested, and vitally important, topic.

Author : Richard Rorty
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521358774
Total Pages : 244 pages
Book Rating : 4.79/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Objectivity, Relativism, and Truth written by Richard Rorty and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1991 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A continuation of the philosopher's attack on traditional attempts to establish objective fundamental truths concludes with reflections on the relation of social democratic politics to philosophy.

Author : Lorraine Daston
Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 1942130619
Total Pages : 345 pages
Book Rating : 4.11/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Objectivity written by Lorraine Daston and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2021-02-02 with total page 345 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Objectivity has a history, and it is full of surprises. In Objectivity, Lorraine Daston and Peter Galison chart the emergence of objectivity in the mid-nineteenth-century sciences — and show how the concept differs from alternatives, truth-to-nature and trained judgment. This is a story of lofty epistemic ideals fused with workaday practices in the making of scientific images. From the eighteenth through the early twenty-first centuries, the images that reveal the deepest commitments of the empirical sciences — from anatomy to crystallography — are those featured in scientific atlases: the compendia that teach practitioners of a discipline what is worth looking at and how to look at it. Atlas images define the working objects of the sciences of the eye: snowflakes, galaxies, skeletons, even elementary particles. Galison and Daston use atlas images to uncover a hidden history of scientific objectivity and its rivals. Whether an atlas maker idealizes an image to capture the essentials in the name of truth-to-nature or refuses to erase even the most incidental detail in the name of objectivity or highlights patterns in the name of trained judgment is a decision enforced by an ethos as well as by an epistemology. As Daston and Galison argue, atlases shape the subjects as well as the objects of science. To pursue objectivity — or truth-to-nature or trained judgment — is simultaneously to cultivate a distinctive scientific self wherein knowing and knower converge. Moreover, the very point at which they visibly converge is in the very act of seeing not as a separate individual but as a member of a particular scientific community. Embedded in the atlas image, therefore, are the traces of consequential choices about knowledge, persona, and collective sight. Objectivity is a book addressed to any one interested in the elusive and crucial notion of objectivity — and in what it means to peer into the world scientifically.

Author : Evandro Agazzi
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319516086
Total Pages : 405 pages
Book Rating : 4.80/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Varieties of Scientific Realism written by Evandro Agazzi and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-03-08 with total page 405 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers a comprehensive update on the scientific realism debate, enabling readers to gain a novel appreciation of the role of objectivity and truth in science and to understand fully the various ways in which antirealist conceptions have been subjected to challenge over recent decades. Authoritative representatives of different philosophical traditions explain their perspectives on the meaning and validity of scientific realism and describe the strategies being adopted to counter persisting antirealist positions. The coverage extends beyond the usual discussion of realism within the context of the natural sciences, and especially physics, to encompass also its applicability in mathematics, logic, and the human sciences. The book will appeal to all with an interest in the recent realist epistemologies of science, the nature of current philosophical debate, and the ongoing rehabilitation of truth as the legitimate goal of scientific research.

Author : Steven Levine
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1108422896
Total Pages : 273 pages
Book Rating : 4.95/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Pragmatism, Objectivity, and Experience written by Steven Levine and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2019-01-24 with total page 273 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Argues that satisfactory theories of objectivity must include the robust account of experience found in classical pragmatism.

Author : Max Kölbel
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1135199450
Total Pages : 169 pages
Book Rating : 4.56/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Truth Without Objectivity written by Max Kölbel and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2002-05-30 with total page 169 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Kölbel examines and rejects the mainstream view of 'meaning' and how this relates to truth, instead developing and defending an alternative, relativist, theory.

Author : Helen E. Longino
Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 0691209758
Total Pages : 274 pages
Book Rating : 4.53/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Science as Social Knowledge written by Helen E. Longino and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2020-03-31 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Conventional wisdom has it that the sciences, properly pursued, constitute a pure, value-free method of obtaining knowledge about the natural world. In light of the social and normative dimensions of many scientific debates, Helen Longino finds that general accounts of scientific methodology cannot support this common belief. Focusing on the notion of evidence, the author argues that a methodology powerful enough to account for theories of any scope and depth is incapable of ruling out the influence of social and cultural values in the very structuring of knowledge. The objectivity of scientific inquiry can nevertheless be maintained, she proposes, by understanding scientific inquiry as a social rather than an individual process. Seeking to open a dialogue between methodologists and social critics of the sciences, Longino develops this concept of "contextual empiricism" in an analysis of research programs that have drawn criticism from feminists. Examining theories of human evolution and of prenatal hormonal determination of "gender-role" behavior, of sex differences in cognition, and of sexual orientation, the author shows how assumptions laden with social values affect the description, presentation, and interpretation of data. In particular, Longino argues that research on the hormonal basis of "sex-differentiated behavior" involves assumptions not only about gender relations but also about human action and agency. She concludes with a discussion of the relation between science, values, and ideology, based on the work of Habermas, Foucault, Keller, and Haraway.

Author : Richard Rorty
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521404761
Total Pages : 226 pages
Book Rating : 4.62/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Philosophical Papers 2 Volume Set (Hardback) written by Richard Rorty and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1991-02-22 with total page 226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this volume Rorty offers a Deweyan account of objectivity as intersubjectivity, one that drops claims about universal validity and instead focuses on utility for the purposes of a community. The sense in which the natural sciences are exemplary for inquiry is explicated in terms of the moral virtues of scientific communities rather than in terms of a special scientific method. The volume concludes with reflections on the relation of social democratic politics to philosophy.