Normative Cultures

Author : Robert C. Neville
Publisher : SUNY Press
ISBN 13 : 9780791425787
Total Pages : 300 pages
Book Rating : 4.89/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Normative Cultures written by Robert C. Neville and published by SUNY Press. This book was released on 1995-08-17 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a philosophic study of theory and practical reason focusing on social obligation and personal responsibility. It draws on Chinese as well as Western Traditions of philosophy.

Author : Robert C. Neville
Publisher : SUNY Press
ISBN 13 : 9780791425770
Total Pages : 300 pages
Book Rating : 4.70/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Normative Cultures written by Robert C. Neville and published by SUNY Press. This book was released on 1995-01-01 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The other problem is how to exercise practical reason across cultures expressive of different civilizations. How can human beings be responsible in a world where all values seem culture-bound and the obvious solution seems to be moral relativism that trivializes responsibility? Neville presents a theory of practical reason oriented to objective norms determined cross-culturally and based on a Confucian sense of the ritual character of the most important levels of moral life

Author : Michele Gelfand
Publisher : Scribner
ISBN 13 : 1501152947
Total Pages : 384 pages
Book Rating : 4.48/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Rule Makers, Rule Breakers written by Michele Gelfand and published by Scribner. This book was released on 2019-08-20 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A celebrated social psychologist offers a radical new perspective on cultural differences that reveals why some countries, cultures, and individuals take rules more seriously and how following the rules influences the way we think and act. In Rule Makers, Rule Breakers, Michele Gelfand, “an engaging writer with intellectual range” (The New York Times Book Review), takes us on an epic journey through human cultures, offering a startling new view of the world and ourselves. With a mix of brilliantly conceived studies and surprising on-the-ground discoveries, she shows that much of the diversity in the way we think and act derives from a key difference—how tightly or loosely we adhere to social norms. Just as DNA affects everything from eye color to height, our tight-loose social coding influences much of what we do. Why are clocks in Germany so accurate while those in Brazil are frequently wrong? Why do New Zealand’s women have the highest number of sexual partners? Why are red and blue states really so divided? Why was the Daimler-Chrysler merger ill-fated from the start? Why is the driver of a Jaguar more likely to run a red light than the driver of a plumber’s van? Why does one spouse prize running a tight ship while the other refuses to sweat the small stuff? In search of a common answer, Gelfand spent two decades conducting research in more than fifty countries. Across all age groups, family variations, social classes, businesses, states, and nationalities, she has identified a primal pattern that can trigger cooperation or conflict. Her fascinating conclusion: behavior is highly influenced by the perception of threat. “A useful and engaging take on human behavior” (Kirkus Reviews) with an approach that is consistently riveting, Rule Makers, Ruler Breakers thrusts many of the puzzling attitudes and actions we observe into sudden and surprising clarity.

Author : Neil Roughley
Publisher : Foundations of Human Interacti
ISBN 13 : 0190846461
Total Pages : 393 pages
Book Rating : 4.66/5 ( download)

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Download or read book The Normative Animal? written by Neil Roughley and published by Foundations of Human Interacti. This book was released on 2019 with total page 393 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is often claimed that humans are rational, linguistic, cultural, or moral creatures. What these characterizations may all have in common is the more fundamental claim that humans are normative animals, in the sense that they are creatures whose lives are structured at a fundamental level by their relationships to norms. The various capacities singled out by discussion of rational, linguistic, cultural, or moral animals might then all essentially involve an orientation to obligations, permissions and prohibitions. And, if this is so, then perhaps it is a basic susceptibility, or proclivity to normative or deontic regulation of thought and behavior that enables humans to develop the various specific features of their life form. This volume of new essays investigates the claim that humans are essentially normative animals in this sense. The contributors do so by looking at the nature and relations of three types of norms, or putative norms-social, moral, and linguistic-and asking whether they might all be different expressions of one basic structure unique to humankind. These questions are posed by philosophers, primatologists, behavioral biologists, psychologists, linguists, and cultural anthropologists, who have collaborated on this topic for many years. The contributors are committed to the idea that understanding normativity is a two-way process, involving a close interaction between conceptual clarification and empirical research.

Author : Maria Gołębiewska
Publisher : Studies in Social Sciences, Philosophy and History of Ideas
ISBN 13 : 9783631669525
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.26/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Cultural Normativity written by Maria Gołębiewska and published by Studies in Social Sciences, Philosophy and History of Ideas. This book was released on 2017 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents the diverse profiles of cultural normativity: from philosophical theses, which systematise various definitions of normativity, the characteristics of cultural normativity and its relationships with ethics, to analyses of selected examples of social practices.

Author : Dragoş Iliescu
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1107110122
Total Pages : 711 pages
Book Rating : 4.20/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Adapting Tests in Linguistic and Cultural Situations written by Dragoş Iliescu and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2017-11-02 with total page 711 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a practical but scientifically grounded step-by-step approach to the adaptation of tests in linguistic and cultural contexts.

Author : Francesca M. Cancian
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521205368
Total Pages : 232 pages
Book Rating : 4.60/5 ( download)

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Download or read book What Are Norms? written by Francesca M. Cancian and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1975-04-25 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What are Norms? challenges the traditional Parsonian theory of the basis of social order and proposes a theoretical perspective that emphasises shared definitions of reality rather than personal motivation. The book begins by describing conceptions of good and bad in a Maya community. Then it explores how such normative beliefs relate to the actions of individuals and the organisation of society. Parsons' theory is not supported by previous research on attitudes and behaviour. The final chapter describes a new theoretical approach to norms and society that provides a better explanation of how people's norms relate to their actions and how norms change.

Author : Kim Malone Scott
Publisher : Macmillan
ISBN 13 : 1760553026
Total Pages : 375 pages
Book Rating : 4.29/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Radical Candor written by Kim Malone Scott and published by Macmillan. This book was released on 2017-03-28 with total page 375 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Radical Candor is the sweet spot between managers who are obnoxiously aggressive on the one side and ruinously empathetic on the other. It is about providing guidance, which involves a mix of praise as well as criticism, delivered to produce better results and help employees develop their skills and boundaries of success. Great bosses have a strong relationship with their employees, and Kim Scott Malone has identified three simple principles for building better relationships with your employees: make it personal, get stuff done, and understand why it matters. Radical Candor offers a guide to those bewildered or exhausted by management, written for bosses and those who manage bosses. Drawing on years of first-hand experience, and distilled clearly to give actionable lessons to the reader, Radical Candor shows how to be successful while retaining your integrity and humanity. Radical Candor is the perfect handbook for those who are looking to find meaning in their job and create an environment where people both love their work, their colleagues and are motivated to strive to ever greater success.

Author : Ghozlane Fleury-Bahi
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319314165
Total Pages : 574 pages
Book Rating : 4.67/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Handbook of Environmental Psychology and Quality of Life Research written by Ghozlane Fleury-Bahi and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-08-12 with total page 574 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Handbook presents a broad overview of the current research carried out in environmental psychology which puts into perspective quality of life and relationships with living spaces, and shows how this original analytical framework can be used to understand different environmental and societal issues. Adopting an original approach, this Handbook focuses on the links with other specialties in psychology, especially social and health psychology, together with other disciplines such as geography, architecture, sociology, anthropology, urbanism and engineering. Faced with the problems of society which involve the quality of life of individuals and communities, it is fundamental to consider the relationships an individual has with his different living spaces. This issue of the links between quality of life and environment is becoming increasingly significant with, at a local level, problems resulting from different types of annoyances, such as pollution and noise, while, at a global level, there is the central question of climate change with its harmful consequences for humans and the planet. How can the impact on well-being of environmental nuisances and threats (for example, natural risks, pollution, and noise) be reduced? How can the quality of life within daily living spaces (home, cities, work environments) be improved? Why is it important to understand the psychological issues of our relationship with the global environment (climatic warming, ecological behaviours)? This Handbook is intended not only for students of various disciplines (geography, architecture, psychology, town planning, etc.) but also for social decision-makers and players who will find in it both theoretical and methodological perspectives, so that psychological and environmental dimensions can be better taken into account in their working practices.

Author : Jean Ensminger
Publisher : Russell Sage Foundation
ISBN 13 : 1610448405
Total Pages : 492 pages
Book Rating : 4.06/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Experimenting with Social Norms written by Jean Ensminger and published by Russell Sage Foundation. This book was released on 2014-10-22 with total page 492 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Questions about the origins of human cooperation have long puzzled and divided scientists. Social norms that foster fair-minded behavior, altruism and collective action undergird the foundations of large-scale human societies, but we know little about how these norms develop or spread, or why the intensity and breadth of human cooperation varies among different populations. What is the connection between social norms that encourage fair dealing and economic growth? How are these social norms related to the emergence of centralized institutions? Informed by a pioneering set of cross-cultural data, Experimenting with Social Norms advances our understanding of the evolution of human cooperation and the expansion of complex societies. Editors Jean Ensminger and Joseph Henrich present evidence from an exciting collaboration between anthropologists and economists. Using experimental economics games, researchers examined levels of fairness, cooperation, and norms for punishing those who violate expectations of equality across a diverse swath of societies, from hunter-gatherers in Tanzania to a small town in rural Missouri. These experiments tested individuals’ willingness to conduct mutually beneficial transactions with strangers that reap rewards only at the expense of taking a risk on the cooperation of others. The results show a robust relationship between exposure to market economies and social norms that benefit the group over narrow economic self-interest. Levels of fairness and generosity are generally higher among individuals in communities with more integrated markets. Religion also plays a powerful role. Individuals practicing either Islam or Christianity exhibited a stronger sense of fairness, possibly because religions with high moralizing deities, equipped with ample powers to reward and punish, encourage greater prosociality. The size of the settlement also had an impact. People in larger communities were more willing to punish unfairness compared to those in smaller societies. Taken together, the volume supports the hypothesis that social norms evolved over thousands of years to allow strangers in more complex and large settlements to coexist, trade and prosper. Innovative and ambitious, Experimenting with Social Norms synthesizes an unprecedented analysis of social behavior from an immense range of human societies. The fifteen case studies analyzed in this volume, which include field experiments in Africa, South America, New Guinea, Siberia and the United States, are available for free download on the Foundation’s website:www.russellsage.org.