Mitochondria And Brain Disorders

Author : Stavros Baloyannis
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN 13 : 1789855314
Total Pages : 125 pages
Book Rating : 4.19/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Mitochondria and Brain Disorders written by Stavros Baloyannis and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2020-03-11 with total page 125 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The mitochondrion is a unique and ubiquitous organelle that contains its own genome, encoding essential proteins that are major components of the respiratory chain and energy production system. Mitochondria play a dominant role in the life and function of eukaryotic cells including neurons and glia, as their survival and activity depend upon mitochondrial energy production and supply. Besides energy production, mitochondria also play a vital role in calcium homeostasis and may induce apoptosis by excitotoxicity. Mitochondrial dysfunction is related to common neurological diseases, such as Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, Friedreich's ataxia, Huntington's disease, and Multiple Sclerosis. An efficient treatment of mitochondrial dysfunction would open new horizons in the therapeutic perspectives of a substantial number of inflammatory and degenerative neurological disorders.

Author : Lawrence H. Lash
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 1483218619
Total Pages : 527 pages
Book Rating : 4.18/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Mitochondrial Dysfunction written by Lawrence H. Lash and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 527 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Methods in Toxicology, Volume 2: Mitochondrial Dysfunction provides a source of methods, techniques, and experimental approaches for studying the role of abnormal mitochondrial function in cell injury. The book discusses the methods for the preparation and basic functional assessment of mitochondria from liver, kidney, muscle, and brain; the methods for assessing mitochondrial dysfunction in vivo and in intact organs; and the structural aspects of mitochondrial dysfunction are addressed. The text also describes chemical detoxification and metabolism as well as specific metabolic reactions that are especially important targets or indicators of damage. The methods for measurement of alterations in fatty acid and phospholipid metabolism and for the analysis and manipulation of oxidative injury and antioxidant systems are also considered. The book further tackles additional methods on mitochondrial energetics and transport processes; approaches for assessing impaired function of mitochondria; and genetic and developmental aspects of mitochondrial disease and toxicology. The text also looks into mitochondrial DNA synthesis, covalent binding to mitochondrial DNA, DNA repair, and mitochondrial dysfunction in the context of developing individuals and cellular differentiation. Microbiologists, toxicologists, biochemists, and molecular pharmacologists will find the book invaluable.

Author : Anthony Schapira
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0080489079
Total Pages : 559 pages
Book Rating : 4.70/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Mitochondrial Function and Dysfunction written by Anthony Schapira and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2003-01-10 with total page 559 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mitochondria are critical to the survival of cells, therefore, it is not surprising that abnormalities in mitochondrial function may lead to human disease. This book concentrates on the biology and pathology of mitochondria, covering some ot the important basic science features of the biology of mitochondria. It then moves on to discuss the breadth of human diseases related to mitochondrial dysfunction, including Parkinson's disease, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), and Alzheimer's disease. * Provides comprehensive coverage of basic science and clinical features of mitochondrial dysfunction * Presents detailed analysis of "hot" topics in mitochondrial function and neurodegenerative diseases * Includes outstanding list of contributing authors

Author : Amy Katherine Reeve
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 0857297015
Total Pages : 252 pages
Book Rating : 4.13/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Neurodegenerative Disorders written by Amy Katherine Reeve and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-11-15 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As age related diseases increase in prevalence and impact more significantly on medical resources it is imperative to understand these diseases and the mechanisms behind their progression. New research has stimulated a growing interest in mitochondrial involvement in neurodegenerative disorders such as Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s disease and multiple sclerosis and the mechanisms which lead from mitochondrial dysfunction to neurodegeneration. Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Neurodegenerative Disorders brings together contributions from leaders in the field internationally on the various ways in which mitochondrial dysfunction contributes to the pathogenesis of these diseases, guiding the reader through the basic functions of mitochondria and the mechanisms that lead to their dysfunction, to the consequences of this dysfunction on neuronal function before finishing with the modelling of these disorders and discussion of new potential therapeutic targets. Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Neurodegenerative Disorders provides an accessible, authoritative guide to this important area for neurologists; research and clinical neuroscientists; neuropathologists; and residents with an interest in clinical research.

Author : Anthony H.V. Schapira
Publisher : Butterworth-Heinemann
ISBN 13 : 1483193691
Total Pages : 265 pages
Book Rating : 4.94/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Mitochondrial Disorders in Neurology written by Anthony H.V. Schapira and published by Butterworth-Heinemann. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 265 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mitochondrial Disorders in Neurology provides an overview of mitochondrial diseases. This book discusses the effects of mitochondrial dysfunction based on the relevant biochemistry and molecular genetics. The abnormal muscle and mitochondrial morphology in a variety of clinical presentations from isolated ophthalmoplegia to severe encephalopathy are also elaborated. This text likewise deliberates Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy, neurodegenerative disorders, and respiratory chain defects. Other topics covered include mitochondrial DNA and the genetics of mitochondrial disease; cytochrome oxidase deficiency; use of tissue culture in the diagnosis of mitochondrial disease; and advances in mitochondrial genetics. This publication is a good source for clinicians and students concerned with the defective mitochondrial function.

Author : Jaime M. Ross
Publisher : MDPI
ISBN 13 : 3038422517
Total Pages : 543 pages
Book Rating : 4.18/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Ageing and Diseases written by Jaime M. Ross and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2018-09-28 with total page 543 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a printed edition of the Special Issue "Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Ageing and Diseases" that was published in IJMS

Author : Victor Tapias
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2889634507
Total Pages : 209 pages
Book Rating : 4.07/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Neurodegeneration written by Victor Tapias and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2020-01-30 with total page 209 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Author : Rajat Sandhir
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 9780128217313
Total Pages : 500 pages
Book Rating : 4.16/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Mitochondria in Neurological Disorders written by Rajat Sandhir and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2022-06-15 with total page 500 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mitochondria in Neurological Diseases highlights various therapeutic approaches targeting mitochondria in neurological conditions. Focused on diverse neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, depression, and Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, topics span basic mitochondrial physiology to mitochondrial dynamics and to the altered states of the nervous system. This book is appropriate for anyone interested in learning more about the physiological and pathophysiological functions of mitochondria in the nervous system. Provides up-to-date information on role of mitochondria in nervous system for graduate students and researchers Presents chapters on energy substrate utilization, calcium handling, mitochondria-organelle communication, and cell signaling Discusses recent techniques in understanding mitochondrial functions in the nervous system Emphasizes the role of altered mitochondrial functions in various neurological conditions and their potential treatment strategies for targeting mitochondria Includes chapter references (key articles, books, protocols) for additional detailed study

Author : Silvia Lores-Arnaiz
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781536166507
Total Pages : 261 pages
Book Rating : 4.02/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Brain Mitochondria: Distribution and Function written by Silvia Lores-Arnaiz and published by . This book was released on 2020-03-09 with total page 261 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers an overview of significant findings regarding physiological, toxicological and pathological aspects of brain mitochondria properties and their relevant role in cellular bioenergetics. Essential physiological processes such as cell respiration and ATP synthesis, the maintenance of calcium homeostasis, reactive oxygen species generation and apoptotic cell signalling performed by mitochondria are described in the different chapters of this volume. In particular, the importance of specific calcium signalling at synaptic level and its relationship with mitochondrial bioenergetics are extensively described. Being that high energy demands are required at synaptic level for neurotransmission, mitochondrial distribution becomes relevant for essential neuronal processes. Differential bioenergetic characteristics of neuronal, astrocytic and glial mitochondria are discussed. Interestingly, new insights on the interaction between neurotensinergic and nitrergic systems are detailed, based on experimental evidences of the effect of neurotensin receptors blockade on nitric oxide production and mitochondrial function. The chapters describing metal neurotoxicity provide a comprehensive view of the effects of different metals on brain mitochondrial function and their consequences for human health. The impact of iron and copper overload on brain oxidative redox balance and mitochondrial function is fully detailed, focusing on the role of metal-induced neuronal damage on the incidence and progression of neurodegenerative diseases. In addition, a complete revision of the mechanisms underlying heavy metal-mediated damage to brain mitochondria is presented. Neurotoxic effects of arsenic, thallium, lead, cadmium and mercury have been associated with cell bioenergetics impairment, exacerbated production of oxygen free radicals, and induction of intrinsic pathway of apoptosis. Mitochondrial function can also be impaired by treatment with different drugs acting at CNS level. The understanding of the effects of pharmacological agents, abuse drugs, herbicides and insecticides at mitochondrial level can contribute to elucidate the molecular mechanisms involved in neurodegeneration. In this context, the neuroprotective effect of different compounds targeting mitochondrial integrity and function is discussed. Furthermore, mitochondrial alterations, oxygen radicals generation and nitric oxide production are characterized in relation to CNS pathology and hypoxia conditions. Mitochondrial complex I inactivation, oxidative stress and impairment of mitochondrial nitric oxide synthesis are characteristic features of the mitochondrial dysfunction observed in Parkinson's disease and other CNS pathologies. In addition, exposure to hypoxic conditions can affect nitric oxide generation and mitochondrial physiology, with different responses depending on the brain area. As a whole, the understanding of the alterations in mitochondrial distribution and function in the brain associated with neurotoxicity and neurodegeneration may contribute to the knowledge of the role of mitochondria in maintaining the balance between health and disease.

Author : Paul R. Sanberg
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1592596924
Total Pages : 316 pages
Book Rating : 4.28/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Mitochondrial Inhibitors and Neurodegenerative Disorders written by Paul R. Sanberg and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1999-10-01 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mitochondria have long been the Rodney Dangerfield of cellular organelles. Believed to be the remnants of bacterial infection of eukaryotic cells eons ago, the mitochondrion evolved a symbiotic relationship in which it dutifully served as the efficient source of A TP for cell function. The extraordinary dependence of cells on the energy provided by mito chondrial oxidative metabolism of glucose, especially through critical organs such as the heart and brain, is underlined by the fatal consequences of toxins that interfere with the mitochondrial electron transport system. Consistent with their ancestry, the mitochondria have their own DNA that encodes many but not all of their proteins. The mitochon dria and their genes come from the mother via the ovum since sperm do not possess mitochondria. This extranuclear form of inheritance derived exclusively from the female side has proven to be a powerful tool for tracing the evolution by the number of base substitutions in mtDNA. That mitochondrial gene mutations might be a source of human dis ease became evident a decade ago with the characterization of a group of multisystem disorders, typically involving the nervous system, which are transmitted from mother to child. Specific point mutations in mtDNA have been associated with the different syndromes.