Melanesian Pidgin And Tok Pisin

Author : John W. M. Verhaar
Publisher : John Benjamins Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9027230234
Total Pages : 424 pages
Book Rating : 4.32/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Melanesian Pidgin and Tok Pisin written by John W. M. Verhaar and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 1990 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The First International Conference on Pidgins and Creoles in Melanesia was planned mainly for Tok Pisin, but no predetermined theme(s) had been proposed to the participants. Nevertheless, in this collection of papers several principal themes stand out.One is that of a revived interest in substratology, both for Tok Pisin and for Bislama. Another is what in fact amounts to a change in perspective from universalism, as supposedly competitive with the substratological orientation, towards a generalist approach to typology, which reduces the apparent polarity, from a theoretical point of view. A third is the pervasive interest of contributors in wider language issues in the social and political life of Papua New Guinea.These interests go back to the linguistic and social experience of the participants, most of whom have a long record of living among the people whose languages they have studied on a day-to-day basis, and to the relative remoteness of their inspiration from the more theoretical and perhaps ultimately untestable issues which surround the universalist approach and its claims for a bioprogram foundation for language.

Author : Babette Treptow
Publisher : GRIN Verlag
ISBN 13 : 3640683293
Total Pages : 29 pages
Book Rating : 4.91/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Tok Pisin written by Babette Treptow and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2010-09 with total page 29 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seminar paper from the year 2010 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Linguistics, grade: 1,3, Humboldt-University of Berlin, language: English, abstract: Pidgin and creole languages, once described as "broken English", "bastardized jargons" or "marginal languages", became objects of serious research for many professional linguists from all over the world. They have generally been accepted as new and independent languages rather than corrupted versions of other, so-called higher, languages (cf. Holm 2000:1). Pidgins and creoles became central to linguistic studies on first and second language acquisition, language linguistic universals, language change and language contact (cf. Todd 2001: 524). McMahon (1994: 253) points out that there are "[a]pproximately 200 pidgin and creole languages spoken today, mostly in West Africa, the Carribean and the South Pacific." Tok Pisin, a national language of Papua New Guinea, which is located in the southwest of the Pacific Ocean, can be considered a pidgin/creole language1. In many respects, it shares the linguistic and socio-historical features of other pidgins and creoles spoken around the world. However, Tok Pisin is unusual with regard to its linguistic development, which did not take as much time as in the case of most other pidgin and creole languages. Moreover, linguists are eagerly interested in studying this contact language because its historical development is precisely and accurately documented (cf. Mühlhäusler 1990: 177-181). The pidgin language Tok Pisin has been introduced in the course of this semester ́s seminar Contact Situations: English-Related Pidgins and Creoles. I was part of the presentation group on Tok Pisin. Already then, my interest was raised. Thus, I was concerned with literature and information about the pidgin language before I began to write this term paper. This term paper raises the question whether and to what extent Tok Pisin gains influence in Papua New Guinea over t

Author : Martin Paviour-Smith
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 596 pages
Book Rating : 4.74/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Tok Pisin and I̲ written by Martin Paviour-Smith and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 596 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Author : Rick J. Goulden
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 216 pages
Book Rating : 4.81/5 ( download)

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Download or read book The Melanesian Content in Tok Pisin written by Rick J. Goulden and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Author : Silja Recknagel
Publisher : GRIN Verlag
ISBN 13 : 3638007235
Total Pages : 24 pages
Book Rating : 4.38/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Pacific Pidgins and Creoles written by Silja Recknagel and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2008-02-16 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seminar paper from the year 2005 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Linguistics, grade: 1,0, University of Duisburg-Essen, language: English, abstract: This essay aims at taking a closer look at the Pacific pidgin Tok Pisin. Especially the development of the pidgin into a creole will be considered in the following text. The chapter on the history of Tok Pisin is preceded by an excursus on the conditions of language contact and the definition and genesis of pidgins in general. The history and thus the development into a creole as well as the current situation of Tok Pisin is completed with some examples of the lexicon of the creole. Here I laid certain emphasis on the different origins of English influence on Tok Pisin, as the social backgrounds of those who introduced the first form of the pidgin, the foreigner talk, are still reflected in the Tok Pisin vocabulary. Additionally I paid regard to the German influence on the pidgin and the linguistically changed situation under Australian administration after WWI. This part of the essay includes a brief paragraph on the sociolinguistic conditions and the conscious use of speech acts with in the pidgin. Finally I tried to give a rather short overview on the phonological and morphological features of Tok Pisin as well as on its grammar.

Author : Damaris Schäfer
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.64/5 ( download)

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Download or read book From Early Melanesian Pidgin to Solomon Islands Pijin, Bislama and Tok Pisin written by Damaris Schäfer and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Author : Julia Burg
Publisher : GRIN Verlag
ISBN 13 : 3638602028
Total Pages : 21 pages
Book Rating : 4.20/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Nigerian Pidgin vs. Tok Pisin: A Comparison of the Grammar written by Julia Burg and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2007-01-30 with total page 21 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seminar paper from the year 2006 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Linguistics, grade: 2,3, University of Freiburg (Englisches Seminar), course: Pidgins and Creoles, language: English, abstract: 1. Introduction Nigeria and Papua New Guinea are two of many countries which have adopted English as their main language. But having so many other, substrate languages influencing the development of a English-speaking country, two major pidgin languages developed: Nigerian Pidgin and Tok Pisin. If one wants to compare these two pidgins with each other, it seems almost inevitable to consider their great geographical distance as well as their historical differences. But my intent in this work is not to elaborate on the status and function and development of the two pidgins but on their differences in grammar. Therefore I’ll mainly focus on the noun phrase and the verb phrase. 2. Morphology 2.1 Plural marking on nouns in Tok Pisin The majority of the English based Creole and Pidgin languages both at the Atlantic coast and the South Sea waive marking plurality on nouns or rather use it very optionally. Thus, the same applies to Nigerian Pidgin and Tok Pisin. But if there occurs the need to make a clear distinction between singular and plural both pidgins absolutely dispose of a pluralizer. In Tok Pisin the most common way to express plurality is by the use of the particle ol, which at the same time is identical to the third person plural pronoun. Ol, clearly derived from the English ‘all’, occurs before the noun as opposed to the post-nominal English plural marking suffix -s. (1) Mi lukim dok. (2) Mi lukim ol dok. I saw the dog. I saw the dogs. (Siegel) But according to Geoff P. Smith (2002), “ there is a great deal of variability, and the presence or absence of ol is still somewhat unpredictable” (p 66). This can clearly be seen in the following example, in which only one noun takes the pre-nominal ol although both have plural meaning. (3) Em i stap nau ma(ma) bl’ em wokim spia nau em i kam nau ma bl’ em wokim ol bet. He stayed, his mother made arrows, he came and his mother made beds. (Smith 2002: 66) Although the particle ol is the dominant plural marker, the pluralizing suffix -s “has also become a feature of urban Tok Pisin” (Romaine 1992:219). In order to explain the use of the plural -s, Smith adopts from Romaine “that animacy does have some influence, with a larger proportion of human than animates using the suffix, and that count nouns take -s considerably more often than mass nouns” (p 71). It is also very often found that the plural is doubly marked...

Author : Nina Schulte-Schmale
Publisher : GRIN Verlag
ISBN 13 : 364021224X
Total Pages : 28 pages
Book Rating : 4.48/5 ( download)

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Download or read book The Language "Tok Pisin" in Papua New Guinea. English in the Pacific and the Indian Ocean written by Nina Schulte-Schmale and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2008-11-17 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seminar paper from the year 2008 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Linguistics, grade: 1,7, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen (Justus-Liebig Universität Gießen), course: English in the Pacific and Indian Ocean, language: English, abstract: For many years the study of Pidgin and Creole languages was widely regarded as marginal or frivolous, but recently, there has been growing interest in the study of these languages all over the world. They have not merely been studied for their own sake, but for the relevance to such concerns as language contact and change, historical linguistics, language learning, first and second language acquisition or language universals (cf. Smith 2002: 3). With this, the area of the Pacific and Indian Ocean has become increasingly significant for linguists. There are many reasons why the position of Tok Pisin, one of the two national languages of the independent nation of Papua New Guinea (with Hiri Motu as the other and alongside English as the official language), stands in the continued focus of scholarly attention. In a variety of ways, the position of Tok Pisin is like that of many other pidgin and creole languages elsewhere and it has a number of advantages as a source of data, as it is one of the best documented contact languages, however, “Tok Pisin is somewhat unusual among the Pidgins of the world in its gradual development over several generations as a second language before any extensive creolization took place.” (Smith 2002: 6). In spite of the work already carried out, there are still a few gaps in the current knowledge of some aspects of Tok Pisin and much of the literature is concerned only with the historical development of the language and the description of its linguistic properties, but it is not always clear how representative the features described are (cf. Smith 2002: 22). The purpose of this paper is to closer examine the language concerning its history, linguistic features and current situation. We will start with some general background information about Tok Pisin and the region where it is spoken, the development of Tok Pisin into a creole language, the current situation and the external history. Then continue with the linguistic features of Tok Pisin with regard to the specific phonology, morphology, syntax and lexicon, and illustrate them on a text sample. And finally we will take a closer look at the educational system of Papua New Guinea, as well as its media, concerning the use of Tok Pisin. In particular, the relationship between Tok Pisin and its main lexifier language English is of primary importance and is explored in further detail in almost every section.

Author : Babette Treptow
Publisher : GRIN Verlag
ISBN 13 : 3640683218
Total Pages : 27 pages
Book Rating : 4.15/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Tok Pisin. With the Focus on Code-Switching written by Babette Treptow and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2010-08-17 with total page 27 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seminar paper from the year 2010 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Linguistics, grade: 1,3, Humboldt-University of Berlin, language: English, abstract: Pidgin and creole languages, once described as “broken English”, “bastardized jargons” or “marginal languages”, became objects of serious research for many professional linguists from all over the world. They have generally been accepted as new and independent languages rather than corrupted versions of other, so-called higher, languages (cf. Holm 2000:1). Pidgins and creoles became central to linguistic studies on first and second language acquisition, language linguistic universals, language change and language contact (cf. Todd 2001: 524). McMahon (1994: 253) points out that there are “[a]pproximately 200 pidgin and creole languages spoken today, mostly in West Africa, the Carribean and the South Pacific.” Tok Pisin, a national language of Papua New Guinea, which is located in the southwest of the Pacific Ocean, can be considered a pidgin/creole language1. In many respects, it shares the linguistic and socio-historical features of other pidgins and creoles spoken around the world. However, Tok Pisin is unusual with regard to its linguistic development, which did not take as much time as in the case of most other pidgin and creole languages. Moreover, linguists are eagerly interested in studying this contact language because its historical development is precisely and accurately documented (cf. Mühlhäusler 1990: 177-181). The pidgin language Tok Pisin has been introduced in the course of this semester ́s seminar Contact Situations: English-Related Pidgins and Creoles. I was part of the presentation group on Tok Pisin. Already then, my interest was raised. Thus, I was concerned with literature and information about the pidgin language before I began to write this term paper. This term paper raises the question whether and to what extent Tok Pisin gains influence in Papua New Guinea over the course of time? In this context, various evidence for the assumption will be displayed and above this, several reasons for the spreading of the language will be depicted. For this purpose, I will make use of a variety of scholarly literature, whereby I will especially focus on well-known linguists, such as Mühlhäusler, Holm or Kulick et al..

Author : Dominik Keßel
Publisher : GRIN Verlag
ISBN 13 : 3668393621
Total Pages : 16 pages
Book Rating : 4.22/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Tok Pisin. History, linguistic development and German influence written by Dominik Keßel and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2017-02-07 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Essay from the year 2017 in the subject Speech Science / Linguistics, grade: 1,0, Charles University in Prague (Filozofická fakulta), language: English, abstract: This term paper primarily raises the question in what way the German language took influence on Tok Pisin. For this purpose, it is necessary to take a closer look at individual words of Tok Pisin, which is along with English and Hiri Motu one of the three official languages of Papua New Guinea. After giving a definition of the object of investigation, the essay also seeks to provide an insight into the external history of Tok Pisin. Tok Pisin (“talk pidgin”) is widely spoken across Papua New Guinea, whose population, according to the 2015 Census, was 7.5 million. English, the “language of the urban elite”, is only used by a small population group. It is a controversial issue, whether Tok Pisin and the other Melanesian Pidigins can be called creole or not. Primarily the fact that Tok Pisin is spoken by thousands of native speakers and has “functions and grammatical features found in typical creoles” makes people categorizing it as a creole. People saying it is still a pidgin stress that more than 90% of its speakers have a different native language background.