Manipulative Approaches To Human Brain Dynamics

Author : Keiichi Kitajo
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2889194795
Total Pages : 247 pages
Book Rating : 4.97/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Manipulative approaches to human brain dynamics written by Keiichi Kitajo and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2015-05-29 with total page 247 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this EBook, we highlight how newly emerging techniques for non-invasive manipulation of the human brain, combined with simultaneous recordings of neural activity, contribute to the understanding of brain functions and neural dynamics in humans. A growing body of evidence indicates that the neural dynamics (e.g., oscillations, synchrony) are important in mediating information processing and networking for various functions in the human brain. Most of previous studies on human brain dynamics, however, show correlative relationships between brain functions and patterns of neural dynamics measured by imaging methods such as electroencephalography (EEG), magnetoencephalography (MEG), near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), positron emission tomography (PET) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). In contrast, manipulative approaches by non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) have been developed and extensively used. These approaches include transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and transcranial electric stimulation (tES) such as transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), alternating current stimulation (tACS), and random noise stimulation (tRNS), which can directly manipulate neural dynamics in the intact human brain. Although the neural-correlate approach is a strong tool, we think that manipulative approaches have far greater potential to show causal roles of neural dynamics in human brain functions. There have been technical challenges with using manipulative methods together with imaging methods. However, thanks to recent technical developments, it has become possible to use combined methods such as TMS–EEG coregistration. We can now directly measure and manipulate neural dynamics and analyze functional consequences to show causal roles of neural dynamics in various brain functions. Moreover, these combined methods can probe brain excitability, plasticity and cortical networking associated with information processing in the intact human brain. The contributors to this EBook have succeeded in showcasing cutting-edge studies and demonstrate the huge impact of their approaches on many areas in human neuroscience and clinical applications.

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.26/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Manipulative Approaches to Human Brain Dynamics written by and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this EBook, we highlight how newly emerging techniques for non-invasive manipulation of the human brain, combined with simultaneous recordings of neural activity, contribute to the understanding of brain functions and neural dynamics in humans. A growing body of evidence indicates that the neural dynamics (e.g., oscillations, synchrony) are important in mediating information processing and networking for various functions in the human brain. Most of previous studies on human brain dynamics, however, show correlative relationships between brain functions and patterns of neural dynamics measured by imaging methods such as electroencephalography (EEG), magnetoencephalography (MEG), near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), positron emission tomography (PET) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). In contrast, manipulative approaches by non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) have been developed and extensively used. These approaches include transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and transcranial electric stimulation (tES) such as transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), alternating current stimulation (tACS), and random noise stimulation (tRNS), which can directly manipulate neural dynamics in the intact human brain. Although the neural-correlate approach is a strong tool, we think that manipulative approaches have far greater potential to show causal roles of neural dynamics in human brain functions. There have been technical challenges with using manipulative methods together with imaging methods. However, thanks to recent technical developments, it has become possible to use combined methods such as TMS-EEG coregistration. We can now directly measure and manipulate neural dynamics and analyze functional consequences to show causal roles of neural dynamics in various brain functions. Moreover, these combined methods can probe brain excitability, plasticity and cortical networking associated with information processing in the intact human brain. The contributors to this EBook have succeeded in showcasing cutting-edge studies and demonstrate the huge impact of their approaches on many areas in human neuroscience and clinical applications.

Author : Michael X. Cohen
Publisher : Frontiers E-books
ISBN 13 : 2889190153
Total Pages : 160 pages
Book Rating : 4.57/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Approaches and Assumptions in Human Neuroscience written by Michael X. Cohen and published by Frontiers E-books. This book was released on 2012-02-01 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The human brain is arguably the most complex system we know of. Over the past few decades, scientists have developed several methods and theories for studying the functional organization of the brain, and how cognitive/perceptual/emotional processes might arise from the brain's electro-chemical-computational dynamics. These methods facilitated and inspired large literatures on brain-behavior links, and yet there remains a seemingly endless chasm between our simple impoverished models and the unfathomable complexity of the human brain. The purpose of this Research Topic is to ask the question: Are we thinking about thinking about the brain in the right way? In most scientific publications, researchers describe a broad and established theoretical framework and briefly describe new experimental results consistent with that framework. Here, we encourage authors to express ideas that might be radical, controversial, or different from established theories or methodological approaches. Supportive data are highly encouraged. The aim is to spark discussions about the validity and usefulness of current methodological/theoretical approaches in human cognitive neuroscience, with the goal of inspiring new approaches and ways of thinking. Neuroscience is a massive field with myriad methodological and theoretical approaches; we focus this Research Topic on approaches most commonly used in human neuroscience.

Author : Mikhail I. Rabinovich
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 0262017644
Total Pages : 355 pages
Book Rating : 4.40/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Principles of Brain Dynamics written by Mikhail I. Rabinovich and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2012-07-06 with total page 355 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Experimental and theoretical approaches to global brain dynamics that draw on the latest research in the field. The consideration of time or dynamics is fundamental for all aspects of mental activity—perception, cognition, and emotion—because the main feature of brain activity is the continuous change of the underlying brain states even in a constant environment. The application of nonlinear dynamics to the study of brain activity began to flourish in the 1990s when combined with empirical observations from modern morphological and physiological observations. This book offers perspectives on brain dynamics that draw on the latest advances in research in the field. It includes contributions from both theoreticians and experimentalists, offering an eclectic treatment of fundamental issues. Topics addressed range from experimental and computational approaches to transient brain dynamics to the free-energy principle as a global brain theory. The book concludes with a short but rigorous guide to modern nonlinear dynamics and their application to neural dynamics.

Author : Laurence J. Kirmayer
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1108580572
Total Pages : 683 pages
Book Rating : 4.71/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Culture, Mind, and Brain written by Laurence J. Kirmayer and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2020-09-24 with total page 683 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent neuroscience research makes it clear that human biology is cultural biology - we develop and live our lives in socially constructed worlds that vary widely in their structure values, and institutions. This integrative volume brings together interdisciplinary perspectives from the human, social, and biological sciences to explore culture, mind, and brain interactions and their impact on personal and societal issues. Contributors provide a fresh look at emerging concepts, models, and applications of the co-constitution of culture, mind, and brain. Chapters survey the latest theoretical and methodological insights alongside the challenges in this area, and describe how these new ideas are being applied in the sciences, humanities, arts, mental health, and everyday life. Readers will gain new appreciation of the ways in which our unique biology and cultural diversity shape behavior and experience, and our ongoing adaptation to a constantly changing world.

Author : Yoko Yamaguchi
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9400747926
Total Pages : 799 pages
Book Rating : 4.20/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Advances in Cognitive Neurodynamics (III) written by Yoko Yamaguchi and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-04-08 with total page 799 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Within our knowledge, the series of the International Conference on Cognitive Neurodynamics (ICCN) is the only conference series dedicating to cognitive neurodynamis. This volume is the proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Cognitive Neurodynamics held in 2011, which reviews the progress in this field since the 1st ICCN - 2007. The topics include: Neural coding and realistic neural network dynamics, Neural population dynamics, Firing Oscillations and Patterns in Neuronal Networks, Brain imaging, EEG, MEG, Sensory and Motor Dynamics, Global cognitive function, Multi-scalar Neurodynamics - from Physiology to Systems Theory, Neural computing, Emerging Technologies for Brain Computer Interfaces, Neural dynamics of brain disorders.

Author : Christo Pantev
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1489913076
Total Pages : 469 pages
Book Rating : 4.74/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Oscillatory Event-Related Brain Dynamics written by Christo Pantev and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-21 with total page 469 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How does the brain code and process incoming information, how does it recog nize a certain object, how does a certain Gestalt come into our awareness? One of the key issues to conscious realization of an object, of a Gestalt is the attention de voted to the corresponding sensory input which evokes the neural pattern underly ing the Gestalt. This requires that the attention be devoted to one set of objects at a time. However, the attention may be switched quickly between different objects or ongoing input processes. It is to be expected that such mechanisms are reflected in the neural dynamics: Neurons or neuronal assemblies which pertain to one object may fire, possibly in rapid bursts at a time. Such firing bursts may enhance the synaptic strength in the corresponding cell assembly and thereby form the substrate of short-term memory. However, we may well become aware of two different objects at a time. How can we avoid that the firing patterns which may relate to say a certain type of move ment (columns in V5) or to a color (V 4) of one object do not become mixed with those of another object? Such a blend may only happen if the presentation times be come very short (below 20-30 ms). One possibility is that neurons pertaining to one cell assembly fire syn chronously. Then different cell assemblies firing at different rates may code different information.

Author : Rubin Wang
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 981100207X
Total Pages : 809 pages
Book Rating : 4.76/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Advances in Cognitive Neurodynamics (V) written by Rubin Wang and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-01-29 with total page 809 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This proceedings contains articles submitted to the fifth International Conference on Cognitive Neurodynamics (ICCN2015). In ICCN2015, twelve invited plenary lectures were presented by the leading scientists in their respective research fields. More than 15 mini-symposiums are organized by specialists with topics covering: motor control and learning, dynamic coding in distributed neural circuits, dynamics of firing patterns and synchronization in neuronal systems, information and signal processing techniques in neurotechnology, neural oscillations and synaptic plasticity in the hippocampus, new perspective on model-based vs. model-free brain process, neural mechanisms of internal switching, neuroinformation computation, neural model and dynamics, imaging human cognitive networks, neuroinformatics, neuroergonomics & neuroengineering, dynamic brain for communication, visual information processing and functional imaging and neural mechanisms of language processing. All articles are peer-reviewed. The ICCN is a series conference held every two years since 2007.

Author : Matteo Bianchi
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2889457958
Total Pages : 134 pages
Book Rating : 4.53/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Mapping Human Sensory-Motor Skills for Manipulation onto the Design and Control of Robots written by Matteo Bianchi and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2019-03-25 with total page 134 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Humans are endowed with extraordinary sensory-motor capabilities that enable a successful interaction with and exploration of the environment, as is the case of human manipulation. Understanding and modeling these capabilities represents an important topic not only for neuroscience but also for robotics in a mutual inspiration, both to inform the design and control of artificial systems and, at the same time, to increase knowledge on the biological side. Within this context, synergies -- i.e., goal-directed actions that constrain multi DOFs of the human body and can be defined at the kinematic, muscular, neural level -- have gained increasing attention as a general simplified approach to shape the development of simple and effective artificial devices. The execution of such purposeful sensory-motor primitives on the biological side leverages on the interplay of the sensory-motor control at central and peripheral level, and the interaction of the human body with the external world. This interaction is particularly important considering the new concept of robotic soft manipulation, i.e. soft, adaptable yet robust robotic hands that can deform with the external environment to multiply their grasping and manipulation capabilities. Under this regard, a preeminent role is reserved to touch, being that skin isour primary organ to shape our knowledge of the external world and, hence, to modify it, in interaction with the efferent parts. This Research Topic reports results on the mutual inspiration between neuroscience and robotics, and on how it is possible to translate neuroscientific findings on human manipulation into engineering guidelines for simplified systems able to take full advantage from the interaction and hence exploitation of environmental constraints for task accomplishment and knowledge acquisition.

Author : Andy Clark
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 9780262260527
Total Pages : 310 pages
Book Rating : 4.22/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Being There written by Andy Clark and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 1998-01-23 with total page 310 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Brain, body, and world are united in a complex dance of circular causation and extended computational activity. In Being There, Andy Clark weaves these several threads into a pleasing whole and goes on to address foundational questions concerning the new tools and techniques needed to make sense of the emerging sciences of the embodied mind. Clark brings together ideas and techniques from robotics, neuroscience, infant psychology, and artificial intelligence. He addresses a broad range of adaptive behaviors, from cockroach locomotion to the role of linguistic artifacts in higher-level thought.