Iron Making Societies

Author : Maria Ågren
Publisher : Berghahn Books
ISBN 13 : 1782388036
Total Pages : 368 pages
Book Rating : 4.36/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Iron-making Societies written by Maria Ågren and published by Berghahn Books. This book was released on 1998-03-01 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The title of this book has a double meaning: on the one hand, it deals with two very different societies both of which made iron in the early modern period. On the other hand, iron "made" these societies: the needs of iron production and the resistance to these demands from local peasant communities gave the societies a special kind of cohesion and rationality. This volume presents the findings of a joint team of Swedish and Russian scholars examining the social organization of work in early modern iron industry and their respective societies. The comparison was carried out against the backdrop of the international discussion on proto-industrialization, its prerequisites and consequences. There has, however, been a certain bias in much of that debate, the focus being mainly on Western Europe, particularly on Britain, and on textile trades. This book offers an important contribution to the debate in that it widens the perspective by discussing Northern and Eastern Europe and by studying the iron industry. More particularly it examines actual production processes, the organization of work, social conflict, questions of ownership and its evolution, as well as the diffusion and organization of technical knowledge. The comparative approach is consistently applied throughout, with each chapter closely integrating the results relating to the two selected geographical areas, thus showing ways of solving some of the problems arising from comparative history.

Author : Maria Ågren
Publisher : Berghahn Books
ISBN 13 : 9781571819550
Total Pages : 372 pages
Book Rating : 4.5X/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Iron-making Societies written by Maria Ågren and published by Berghahn Books. This book was released on 1998 with total page 372 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Title of this Book has a Double meaning: on the one hand, it deals with two very different societies both of which made iron in the early modern period. On the other hand, iron made these societies; the needs of iron production and the resistance to these demands from local peasant communities gave them a special kind of cohesion and rationality. This volume presents the findings of a joint team of Swedish and Russian scholars examining the social organisation of work in early modern iron industry in their respective societies. It examines actual production processes, the organisation of work, social conflict, questions of ownership and its evolution, as well as the diffusion and organisation of technical knowledge.

Author : Peter Ridgway Schmidt
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780813013848
Total Pages : 338 pages
Book Rating : 4.44/5 ( download)

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Download or read book The Culture and Technology of African Iron Production written by Peter Ridgway Schmidt and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 338 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Archaeological and ethnographic investigations in western Tanzania in the 1970s revealed remarkable evidence for a complex and highly advanced iron technology that existed there several thousand years ago. Still, Western scientific and historical practice continues to obscure the history of iron technology and its accomplishments in Africa. Weaving together myth, ritual, history, and science, this work describes the systems of smithing and iron smelting, some of which arose 2,000 to 2,500 years ago. Revealing the world of African technological achievement, the contributors to this work demonstrate that iron production there is a socially constructed activity and that its cultural and technological domains cannot be understood separately.

Author : Lotte Hedeager
Publisher : Wiley-Blackwell
ISBN 13 : 9780631171065
Total Pages : 274 pages
Book Rating : 4.61/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Iron-age Societies written by Lotte Hedeager and published by Wiley-Blackwell. This book was released on 1992-01-01 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Skandinavien - Eisenzeit - Sozialgeschichte/Alltag - Religionsgeschichte.

Author : Eugenia W. Herbert
Publisher : Indiana University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780253115966
Total Pages : 302 pages
Book Rating : 4.65/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Iron, Gender, and Power written by Eugenia W. Herbert and published by Indiana University Press. This book was released on 1994-01-22 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "[Herbert] has constructed a model of power relationships structured upon gender and age, and derived from male transformative processes, and in so doing has written a notable, and most enjoyable, book." -- African History "Herbert examines with great care and thoroughness the relationships between gender and power and the rationales that give them social form.... [Her] analytical ability is outstanding." -- Patrick McNaughton "This book is a well-written and essential study of the place of belief in African material culture." -- International Journal of African Historical Studies Herbert relates the beliefs and practices associated with iron working in African cultures to other transformative activities -- chiefly investiture, hunting, and pottery making -- to propose a gender/age-based theory of power.

Author : Vaclav Smil
Publisher : Butterworth-Heinemann
ISBN 13 : 0128042354
Total Pages : 280 pages
Book Rating : 4.59/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Still the Iron Age written by Vaclav Smil and published by Butterworth-Heinemann. This book was released on 2016-01-22 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although the last two generations have seen an enormous amount of attention paid to advances in electronics, the fact remains that high-income, high-energy societies could thrive without microchips, etc., but, by contrast, could not exist without steel. Because of the importance of this material to comtemporary civilization, a comprehensive resource is needed for metallurgists, non-metallurgists, and anyone with a background in environmental studies, industry, manufacturing, and history, seeking a broader understanding of the history of iron and steel and its current and future impact on society. Given its coverage of the history of iron and steel from its genesis to slow pre-industrial progress, revolutionary advances during the 19th century, magnification of 19th century advances during the past five generations, patterns of modern steel production, the ubiquitous uses of the material, potential substitutions, advances in relative dematerialization, and appraisal of steel’s possible futures, Still the Iron Age: Iron and Steel in the Modern World by world-renowned author Vaclav Smil meets that need. Incorporates an interdisciplinary discussion of the history and evolution of the iron- and steel-making industry and its impact on the development of the modern world Serves as a valuable contribution because of its unique perspective that compares steel to technological advances in other materials, perceived to be important Discusses how we can manufacture smarter rather than deny demand Explores future opportunities and new efforts for sustainable development in the industry

Author : Hamady Bocoum
Publisher : Unesco
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 244 pages
Book Rating : 4.43/5 ( download)

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Download or read book The Origins of Iron Metallurgy in Africa written by Hamady Bocoum and published by Unesco. This book was released on 2004 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The work of specialists archaeologists, historians, ethnologists, metallographs and sociologists gathered in this volume show the vitality of research being carried out on iron processing in Africa since as early as the third millennium B.C.

Author : Brais X. Currás
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1351012096
Total Pages : 368 pages
Book Rating : 4.96/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Alternative Iron Ages written by Brais X. Currás and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-09-09 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Alternative Iron Ages examines Iron Age social formations that sit outside traditional paradigms, developing methods for archaeological characterisation of alternative models of society. In so doing it contributes to the debates concerning the construction and resistance of inequality taking place in archaeology, anthropology and sociology. In recent years, Iron Age research on Western Europe has moved towards new forms of understanding social structures. Yet these alternative social organisations continue to be considered as basic human social formations, which frequently imply marginality and primitivism. In this context, the grand narrative of the European Iron Age continues to be defined by cultural foci, which hide the great regional variety in an artificially homogenous area. This book challenges the traditional classical evolutionist narratives by exploring concepts such as non-triangular societies, heterarchy and segmentarity across regional case studies to test and propose alternative social models for Iron Age social formations. Constructing new social theory both archaeologically based and supported by sociological and anthropological theory, the book is perfect for those looking to examine and understand life in the European Iron Age. We are so grateful to the research project titled "Paisajes rurales antiguos del Noroeste peninsular: formas de dominacion romana y explotacion de recursos" [Ancient rural landscapes in Northwestern Iberia: Roman dominion and resource exploitation] (HAR2015-64632-P; MINECO/FEDER), directed from the Instituto de Historia (CSIC) and also to the Fundaçao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia [Foundation for Science and Technology] postdoctoral project: SFRH-BPD-102407-2014.

Author : Barry Cunliffe
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1134277245
Total Pages : 752 pages
Book Rating : 4.47/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Iron Age Communities in Britain written by Barry Cunliffe and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2004-08-02 with total page 752 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This fully revised fourth edition maintains the qualities of the earlier editions whilst taking into account the significant developments that have moulded the discipline in recent years.

Author : Shadreck Chirikure
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 331911641X
Total Pages : 181 pages
Book Rating : 4.19/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Metals in Past Societies written by Shadreck Chirikure and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-03-18 with total page 181 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book seeks to communicate to both a global and local audience, the key attributes of pre-industrial African metallurgy such as technological variation across space and time, methods of mining and extractive metallurgy and the fabrication of metal objects. These processes were transformative in a physical and metaphoric sense, which made them total social facts. Because the production and use of metals was an accretion of various categories of practice, a chaine operatoire conceptual and theoretical framework that simultaneously considers the embedded technological and anthropological factors was used. The book focuses on Africa’s different regions as roughly defined by cultural geography. On the one hand there is North Africa, Egypt, the Egyptian Sudan, and the Horn of Africa which share cultural inheritances with the Middle East and on the other is Africa south of the Sahara and the Sudan which despite interacting with the former is remarkably different in terms of technological practice. For example, not only is the timing of metallurgy different but so is the infrastructure for working metals and the associated symbolic and sociological factors. The cultural valuation of metals and the social positions of metal workers were different too although there is evidence of some values transfer and multi-directional technological cross borrowing. The multitude of permutations associated with metals production and use amply demonstrates that metals participated in the production and reproduction of society. Despite huge temporal and spatial differences there are so many common factors between African metallurgy and that of other regions of the world. For example, the role of magic and ritual in metal working is almost universal be it in Bolivia, Nepal, Malawi, Timna, Togo or Zimbabwe. Similarly, techniques of mining were constrained by the underlying geology but this should not in any way suggest that Africa’s metallurgy was derivative or that the continent had no initiative. Rather it demonstrates that when confronted with similar challenges, humanity in different regions of the world responded to identical challenges in predictable ways mediated as mediated by the prevailing cultural context. The success of the use of historical and ethnographic data in understanding variation and improvisation in African metallurgical practices flags the potential utility of these sources in Asia, Latin America and Europe. Some nuance is however needed because it is simply naïve to assume that everything depicted in the history or ethnography has a parallel in the past and vice versa. Rather, the confluence of archaeology, history and ethnography becomes a pedestal for dialogue between different sources, subjects and ideas that is important for broadening our knowledge of global categories of metallurgical practice.