Hydrothermal Processes At Seafloor Spreading Centers

Author : Peter A. Rona
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1489904026
Total Pages : 802 pages
Book Rating : 4.27/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Hydrothermal Processes at Seafloor Spreading Centers written by Peter A. Rona and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-21 with total page 802 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the past ten years, evidence has developed to indicate that seawater convects through oceanic crust driven by heat derived from creation of lithosphere at the Earth-encircling oceanic ridge-rift system of seafloor spreading centers. This has stimulated multiple lines of research with profound implications for the earth and life sciences. The lines of research comprise the role of hydrothermal convection at seafloor spreading centers in the Earth's thermal regime by cooling of newly formed litho sphere (oceanic crust and upper mantle); in global geochemical cycles and mass balances of certain elements by chemical exchange between circulating seawater and basaltic rocks of oceanic crust; in the concentration of metallic mineral deposits by ore-forming processes; and in adaptation of biological communities based on a previously unrecognized form of chemosynthesis. The first work shop devoted to interdisciplinary consideration of this field was organized by a committee consisting of the co-editors of this volume under the auspices of a NATO Advanced Research Institute (ARI) held 5-8 April 1982 at the Department of Earth Sciences of Cambridge University in England. This volume is a product of that workshop. The papers were written by members of a pioneering research community of marine geologists, geophysicists, geochemists and biologists whose work is at the stage of initial description and interpretation of hydrothermal and associated phenomena at seafloor spreading centers.

Author : Peter A. Rona
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781489904034
Total Pages : 820 pages
Book Rating : 4.34/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Hydrothermal Processes at Seafloor Spreading Centers written by Peter A. Rona and published by . This book was released on 2014-09-01 with total page 820 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Author : Robert P. Lowell
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1118671899
Total Pages : 304 pages
Book Rating : 4.94/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Magma to Microbe written by Robert P. Lowell and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2013-04-30 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Magma to Microbe Published by the American Geophysical Union as part of the Geophysical Monograph Series, Volume 178. Hydrothermal systems at oceanic spreading centers reflect the complex interactions among transport, cooling and crystallization of magma, fluid circulation in the crust, tectonic processes, water-rock interaction, and the utilization of hydrothermal fluids as a metabolic energy source by microbial and macro-biological ecosystems. The development of mathematical and numerical models that address these complex linkages is a fundamental part the RIDGE 2000 program that attempts to quantify and model the transfer of heat and chemicals from “mantle to microbes” at oceanic ridges. This volume presents the first “state of the art” picture of model development in this context. The most outstanding feature of this volume is its emphasis on mathematical and numerical modeling of a broad array of hydrothermal processes associated with oceanic spreading centers. By examining the state of model development in one volume, both cross-fertilization of ideas and integration across the disparate disciplines that study seafloor hydrothermal systems is facilitated. Students and scientists with an interest in oceanic spreading centers in general and more specifically in ridge hydrothermal processes will find this volume to be an up-to-date and indispensable resource.

Author : Gregory R. McMurray
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1461232589
Total Pages : 509 pages
Book Rating : 4.82/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Gorda Ridge written by Gregory R. McMurray and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 509 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Gorda Ridge presents a primarily technical summary of recent advances in seafloor research related to mineral exploration of the only seafloor spreading center within the United States' Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ). Spreading centers are known to be the locus of hydrothermal activity and to host mineral deposits of hydrothermal origin. The book includes sections on the results of mineral exploration on Gorda Ridge, the newest technologies for mineral exploration and sampling on the seafloor, and the evolving field of hydrothermal vent biology and ecology. What makes the book unique is that it is: 1) a site book, 2) a truly multidisciplinary summation of the state of the art in complementary areas of deep ocean geology and biology, and 3) a marker in the evolution of federal-state relations concerning ocean development.

Author : Robert D. Ballard
Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780691095547
Total Pages : 416 pages
Book Rating : 4.4X/5 ( download)

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Download or read book The Eternal Darkness written by Robert D. Ballard and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2000 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Until a few decades ago, the ocean depths were almost as mysterious and inaccessible as outer space. Oceans cover two-thirds of the earth's surface with an average depth of more than two miles--yet humans had never ventured more than a few hundred feet below the waves. One of the great scientific and archaeological feats of our time has been finally to cast light on the "eternal darkness" of the deep sea. This is the story of that achievement, told by the man who has done more than any other to make it possible: Robert Ballard. Ballard discovered the wreck of the Titanic. He led the teams that discovered hydrothermal vents and "black smokers"--cracks in the ocean floor where springs of superheated water support some of the strangest life-forms on the planet. He was a diver on the team that explored the mid-Atlantic ridge for the first time, confirming the theory of plate tectonics. Today, using a nuclear submarine from the U.S. Navy, he's exploring the ancient trade routes of the Mediterranean and the Black Sea for the remains of historic vessels and their cargo. In this book, he combines science, history, spectacular illustrations, and first-hand stories from his own expeditions in a uniquely personal account of how twentieth-century explorers have pushed back the frontiers of technology to take us into the midst of a world we could once only guess at. Ballard begins in 1930 with William Beebe and Otis Barton, pioneers of the ocean depths who made the world's first deep-sea dives in a cramped steel sphere. He introduces us to Auguste and Jacques Piccard, whose "Bathyscaph"descended in 1960 to the lowest point on the ocean floor. He reviews the celebrated advances made by Jacques Cousteau. He describes his own major discoveries--from sea-floor spreading to black smokers--as well as his technical breakthroughs, including the development of remote-operated underwater vehicles and the revolutionary search techniques that led to the discovery and exploration of the Titanic, the Nazi battleship Bismarck, ancient trading vessels, and other great ships. Readers will come away with a richer understanding of history, earth science, biology, and marine technology--and a new appreciation for the remarkable men and women who have explored some of the most remote and fascinating places on the planet.

Author : Franco Pirajno
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3642756719
Total Pages : 721 pages
Book Rating : 4.19/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Hydrothermal Mineral Deposits written by Franco Pirajno and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 721 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is intended primarily for exploration geologists and post graduate students attending specialist courses in mineral exploration. Exploration geologists are engaged not only in the search for new mineral deposits, but also in the extension and re-assessment of existing ones. To succeed in these tasks, the exploration geologist is required to be a "generalist" of the Earth sciences rather than a specialist. The exploration geologist needs to be familiar with most aspects of the geology of ore deposits, and detailed knowledge as well as experience play an all important role in the successful exploration for mineral commodities. In order to achieve this, it is essential that the exploration geologist be up to date with the latest developments in the evolution of concepts and ideas in the Earth sciences. This is no easy task, as thousands of publications appear every year in an ever increasing number of journals, periodicals and books. For this reason it is also difficult, at times, to locate appropriate references on a particular mineral deposit type, although this problem is alleviated by the existence of large bibliographic data bases of geological records, abstracts and papers on computers. During my teaching to explorationists and, indeed, during my years of work as an explorationist, the necessity of having a text dealing with the fundamental aspects of hydrothermal mineral deposits has always been compelling. Metallic mineral deposits can be categorised into three great families, namely: (I) magmatic; (2) sedimentary and residual; (3) hydrothermal.

Author : Gregory R. McMurray
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9783540970347
Total Pages : 311 pages
Book Rating : 4.47/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Gorda Ridge written by Gregory R. McMurray and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 311 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Author : N.G. Holm
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9401127417
Total Pages : 248 pages
Book Rating : 4.17/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Marine Hydrothermal Systems and the Origin of Life written by N.G. Holm and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research of the origins of life in connection with a marine environment started at the end of the seventies, when the `black smokers' in the Pacific were discovered and the Red Sea deep hydrothermal brines were found to be a fruitful environment for abiotic synthesis of life precursors. For a while this research was categorised under the heading `chemistry', but in less than a decade the topic became fully integrated into the science of 'oceanography'. The Scientific Committee on Oceanographic Research (SCOR) initiated Working Group 91: Chemical Evolution and Origin of Life in Marine Hydrothermal Systems'. This volume contains the final report of this working group.

Author : Jeffrey A. Karson
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1316239594
Total Pages : 431 pages
Book Rating : 4.99/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Discovering the Deep written by Jeffrey A. Karson and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2015-04-23 with total page 431 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The deep oceans and global seafloor are truly Earth's last frontier. They remain largely unexplored, yet are critical to our survival on this planet. This magnificent, full-color volume transports you to bizarre landscapes hosting exotic life forms that rival the most imaginative science fiction. Starting with a historical summary of seafloor exploration and the developing technologies used to study this extreme environment, it then describes the distinctive geologic components of the Earth's ocean floor and the unusual biological communities found along the mid-ocean ridges. This is an indispensable reference for researchers, teachers, and students of marine science, and a visually stunning resource that will enlighten and intrigue oceanographers and enthusiasts alike. A suite of online resources, including photographs and video clips, combine with the book to provide fascinating insights into the hidden world of seafloor geology and biology using the latest deep-sea imaging and geological concepts.

Author : Charles Edward Golden
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 210 pages
Book Rating : 4.73/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Investigation of Oceanic Spreading Center Hydrothermal Processes Using Ocean Bottom Seismometers written by Charles Edward Golden and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: