How We Know Universals

Author : Morris J. Vogel
Publisher : Temple University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780877228400
Total Pages : 274 pages
Book Rating : 4.0X/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Cultural Connections written by Morris J. Vogel and published by Temple University Press. This book was released on 1991 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Illustrates the history, civilization, and social conditions of the United States via artifacts, paintings, and other objects from the collections of cultural institutions in Philadelphia and environs.

Author : Donald Brown
Publisher : McGraw-Hill Humanities/Social Sciences/Languages
ISBN 13 : 9780070082090
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.9X/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Human Universals written by Donald Brown and published by McGraw-Hill Humanities/Social Sciences/Languages. This book was released on 1991-01-01 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores physical and behavioral characteristics that can be considered universal among all cultures, all people. It presents cases demonstrating universals, looks at the history of the study of universals, and presents an interesting study of a hypothetical tribe, The Universal People.

Author : Stefano Di Bella
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0190672722
Total Pages : 320 pages
Book Rating : 4.20/5 ( download)

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Download or read book The Problem of Universals in Early Modern Philosophy written by Stefano Di Bella and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2017-06-29 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The ancient topic of universals was central to scholastic philosophy, which raised the question of whether universals exist as Platonic forms, as instantiated Aristotelian forms, as concepts abstracted from singular things, or as words that have universal signification. It might be thought that this question lost its importance after the decline of scholasticism in the modern period. However, the fourteen contributions contained in The Problem of Univerals in Early Modern Philosophy indicate that the issue of universals retained its vitality in modern philosophy. Modern philosophers in fact were interested in 3 sets of issues concerning universals: (i) issues concerning the ontological status of universals, (ii) issues concerning the psychology of the formation of universal concepts or terms, and (iii) issues concerning the value and use of universal concepts or terms in the acquisition of knowledge. Chapters in this volume consider the various forms of "Platonism," "conceptualism" and "nominalism" (and distinctive combinations thereof) that emerged from the consideration of such issues in the work of modern philosophers. Furthermore, this volume covers not only the canonical modern figures, namely, Descartes, Spinoza, Leibniz, Locke, Berkeley, Hume and Kant, but also more neglected figures such as Pierre Gassendi, Pierre-Sylvain Regis, Nicolas Malebranche, Henry More, Ralph Cudworth and John Norris.

Author : Morten H. Christiansen
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0190294116
Total Pages : 312 pages
Book Rating : 4.13/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Language Universals written by Morten H. Christiansen and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2009-03-17 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Languages differ from one another in bewildering and seemingly arbitrary ways. For example, in English, the verb precedes the direct object ('understand the proof'), but in Japanese, the direct object comes first. In some languages, such as Mohawk, it is not even possible to establish a basic word order. Nonetheless, languages do share certain regularities in how they are structured and used. The exact nature and extent of these "language universals" has been the focus of much research and is one of the central explanatory goals in the language sciences. During the past 50 years, there has been tremendous progress, a few major conceptual revolutions, and even the emergence of entirely new fields. The wealth of findings and theories offered by the various language-science disciplines has made it more important than ever to work toward an integrated understanding of the nature of human language universals. This book is the first to examine language universals from a cross-disciplinary perspective. It provides new insights into long standing questions such as: What exactly defines the human capacity for language? Are there universal properties of human languages and, if so, what are they? Can all language universals be explained in the same way, or do some universals require different kinds of explanations from others? Language Universals is unique in starting with the assumption that the best way to approach these and related questions is through a dialogue between a wide range of disciplines, including linguistics, cognitive neuroscience, philosophy, computer science and biology.

Author : James Porter Moreland
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317490010
Total Pages : 193 pages
Book Rating : 4.12/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Universals written by James Porter Moreland and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-12-18 with total page 193 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Things are particulars and their qualities are universals, but do universals have an existence distinct from the particular things describable by those terms? And what must be their nature if they do? This book provides a careful and assured survey of the central issues of debate surrounding universals, in particular those issues that have been a crucial part of the emergence of contemporary analytic ontology. The book begins with a taxonomy of extreme nominalist, moderate nominalist, and realist positions on properties, and outlines the way each handles the phenomena of predication, resemblance, and abstract reference. The debate about properties and philosophical naturalism is also examined. Different forms of extreme nominalism, moderate nominalism, and minimalist realism are critiqued. Later chapters defend a traditional realist view of universals and examine the objections to realism from various infinite regresses, the difficulties in stating identity conditions for properties, and problems with realist accounts of knowledge of abstract objects. In addition, the debate between Platonists and Aristotelians is examined alongside a discussion of the relationship between properties and an adequate theory of existence. The book's final chapter explores the problem of individuating particulars. The book makes accessible a difficult topic without blunting the sophistication of argument required by a more advanced readership.

Author : José Tomás Alvarado
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 303053393X
Total Pages : 361 pages
Book Rating : 4.39/5 ( download)

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Download or read book A Metaphysics of Platonic Universals and their Instantiations written by José Tomás Alvarado and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-10-27 with total page 361 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers a detailed defense of a metaphysics of Platonic universals and a conception of particular objects that is coherent with said metaphysics. The work discusses all the main alternatives in metaphysics of properties and tries to show why universals are the entities that best satisfy the theoretical roles required for a property. The work also explains the advantages of Platonic over Aristotelian universals in the metaphysics of modality and natural laws. Moreover, it is argued that only Platonic universals are coherent with the grounding profile required for universals. The traditional objections against Platonism are discussed and answered. The third part of the book, finally, offers a conception of particular objects as nuclear bundles of tropes that is coherent with the Platonic ontology of universals. This book is of interest to anyone that wants to understand the current –and intricate– debate in metaphysics of properties and its incidence in many other areas in philosophy.

Author : Paul M. Churchland
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 0262300826
Total Pages : 313 pages
Book Rating : 4.27/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Plato's Camera written by Paul M. Churchland and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2012-01-20 with total page 313 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A noted philosopher draws on the empirical results and conceptual resources of cognitive neuroscience to address questions about the nature of knowledge. In Plato's Camera, eminent philosopher Paul Churchland offers a novel account of how the brain constructs a representation—or "takes a picture"—of the universe's timeless categorical and dynamical structure. This construction process, which begins at birth, yields the enduring background conceptual framework with which we will interpret our sensory experience for the rest of our lives. But, as even Plato knew, to make singular perceptual judgments requires that we possess an antecedent framework of abstract categories to which any perceived particular can be relevantly assimilated. How that background framework is assembled in the first place is the motivating mystery, and the primary target, of Churchland's book. Unexpectedly, this neurobiologically grounded account of human cognition also provides a systematic story of how such low-level epistemological activities are integrated within an enveloping framework of linguistic structures and regulatory mechanisms at the social level. As Churchland illustrates, this integration of cognitive mechanisms at several levels has launched the human race on an epistemological adventure denied to all other terrestrial creatures.

Author : Herbert Stanley Matsen
Publisher : Associated University Presse
ISBN 13 : 9780838712214
Total Pages : 348 pages
Book Rating : 4.15/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Alessandro Achillini (1463-1512) and His Doctrine of "universals" and "transcendentals" written by Herbert Stanley Matsen and published by Associated University Presse. This book was released on 1974 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Author : Todd Bates
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1441103562
Total Pages : 177 pages
Book Rating : 4.67/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Duns Scotus and the Problem of Universals written by Todd Bates and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2010-06-24 with total page 177 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: John Duns Scotus (d.1308), known as the 'subtle doctor' among medieval schoolmen, produced a formidable philosophical theology using and adapting an Aristotelian metaphysical framework. Critical of Thomas Aquinas' grand Summas, Scotus died before producing a final synthesis of his own. Indeed, his work, left in disarray for centuries, has only recently become available in an edited format. Contemporary metaphysics, taking up the problem of universals, treads on ground already well-worked by Scotus. Duns Scotus and the Problem of Universals shows how Scotus' treatment of the problem of universals is both coherent and, even by contemporary standards, cogent. Todd Bates recovers and sets out Scotus' understanding of the structure of material substance, reconstructs Scotus' arguments for universals and haecceities, and shows how Scotus' theory applies to the metaphysics of the Incarnation. This book makes an important contribution to a neglected but crucial area of Scotus scholarship.

Author : Lord James Burnett Monboddo
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 612 pages
Book Rating : 4.10/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Antient Metaphysics, Or, The Science of Universals written by Lord James Burnett Monboddo and published by . This book was released on 1779 with total page 612 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: