How Students Think When Doing Algebra

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Author :
Publisher : IAP
ISBN 13 : 1641134135
Total Pages : 351 pages
Book Rating : 4.32/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis How Students Think When Doing Algebra by : Steve Rhine

Download or read book How Students Think When Doing Algebra written by Steve Rhine and published by IAP. This book was released on 2018-11-01 with total page 351 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Algebra is the gateway to college and careers, yet it functions as the eye of the needle because of low pass rates for the middle school/high school course and students’ struggles to understand. We have forty years of research that discusses the ways students think and their cognitive challenges as they engage with algebra. This book is a response to the National Council of Teachers of Mathematics’ (NCTM) call to better link research and practice by capturing what we have learned about students’ algebraic thinking in a way that is usable by teachers as they prepare lessons or reflect on their experiences in the classroom. Through a Fund for the Improvement of Post-Secondary Education (FIPSE) grant, 17 teachers and mathematics educators read through the past 40 years of research on students’ algebraic thinking to capture what might be useful information for teachers to know—over 1000 articles altogether. The resulting five domains addressed in the book (Variables & Expressions, Algebraic Relations, Analysis of Change, Patterns & Functions, and Modeling & Word Problems) are closely tied to CCSS topics. Over time, veteran math teachers develop extensive knowledge of how students engage with algebraic concepts—their misconceptions, ways of thinking, and when and how they are challenged to understand—and use that knowledge to anticipate students’ struggles with particular lessons and plan accordingly. Veteran teachers learn to evaluate whether an incorrect response is a simple error or the symptom of a faulty or naïve understanding of a concept. Novice teachers, on the other hand, lack the experience to anticipate important moments in the learning of their students. They often struggle to make sense of what students say in the classroom and determine whether the response is useful or can further discussion (Leatham, Stockero, Peterson, & Van Zoest 2011; Peterson & Leatham, 2009). The purpose of this book is to accelerate early career teachers’ “experience” with how students think when doing algebra in middle or high school as well as to supplement veteran teachers’ knowledge of content and students. The research that this book is based upon can provide teachers with insight into the nature of a student’s struggles with particular algebraic ideas—to help teachers identify patterns that imply underlying thinking. Our book, How Students Think When Doing Algebra, is not intended to be a “how to” book for teachers. Instead, it is intended to orient new teachers to the ways students think and be a book that teachers at all points in their career continually pull of the shelf when they wonder, “how might my students struggle with this algebraic concept I am about to teach?” The primary audience for this book is early career mathematics teachers who don’t have extensive experience working with students engaged in mathematics. However, the book can also be useful to veteran teachers to supplement their knowledge and is an ideal resource for mathematics educators who are preparing preservice teachers.

The Calculus of Friendship

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Author :
Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 9781400830886
Total Pages : 184 pages
Book Rating : 4.85/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis The Calculus of Friendship by : Steven Strogatz

Download or read book The Calculus of Friendship written by Steven Strogatz and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2011-03-07 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Calculus of Friendship is the story of an extraordinary connection between a teacher and a student, as chronicled through more than thirty years of letters between them. What makes their relationship unique is that it is based almost entirely on a shared love of calculus. For them, calculus is more than a branch of mathematics; it is a game they love playing together, a constant when all else is in flux. The teacher goes from the prime of his career to retirement, competes in whitewater kayaking at the international level, and loses a son. The student matures from high school math whiz to Ivy League professor, suffers the sudden death of a parent, and blunders into a marriage destined to fail. Yet through it all they take refuge in the haven of calculus--until a day comes when calculus is no longer enough. Like calculus itself, The Calculus of Friendship is an exploration of change. It's about the transformation that takes place in a student's heart, as he and his teacher reverse roles, as they age, as they are buffeted by life itself. Written by a renowned teacher and communicator of mathematics, The Calculus of Friendship is warm, intimate, and deeply moving. The most inspiring ideas of calculus, differential equations, and chaos theory are explained through metaphors, images, and anecdotes in a way that all readers will find beautiful, and even poignant. Math enthusiasts, from high school students to professionals, will delight in the offbeat problems and lucid explanations in the letters. For anyone whose life has been changed by a mentor, The Calculus of Friendship will be an unforgettable journey.

Algebra I

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Author :
Publisher : CRDG
ISBN 13 : 1583510087
Total Pages : 632 pages
Book Rating : 4.87/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Algebra I by :

Download or read book Algebra I written by and published by CRDG. This book was released on 2001 with total page 632 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Math with Bad Drawings

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Author :
Publisher : Black Dog & Leventhal
ISBN 13 : 0316509027
Total Pages : 556 pages
Book Rating : 4.22/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Math with Bad Drawings by : Ben Orlin

Download or read book Math with Bad Drawings written by Ben Orlin and published by Black Dog & Leventhal. This book was released on 2018-09-18 with total page 556 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A hilarious reeducation in mathematics-full of joy, jokes, and stick figures-that sheds light on the countless practical and wonderful ways that math structures and shapes our world. In Math With Bad Drawings, Ben Orlin reveals to us what math actually is; its myriad uses, its strange symbols, and the wild leaps of logic and faith that define the usually impenetrable work of the mathematician. Truth and knowledge come in multiple forms: colorful drawings, encouraging jokes, and the stories and insights of an empathetic teacher who believes that math should belong to everyone. Orlin shows us how to think like a mathematician by teaching us a brand-new game of tic-tac-toe, how to understand an economic crises by rolling a pair of dice, and the mathematical headache that ensues when attempting to build a spherical Death Star. Every discussion in the book is illustrated with Orlin's trademark "bad drawings," which convey his message and insights with perfect pitch and clarity. With 24 chapters covering topics from the electoral college to human genetics to the reasons not to trust statistics, Math with Bad Drawings is a life-changing book for the math-estranged and math-enamored alike.

The Math Myth

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Publisher : New Press, The
ISBN 13 : 1620970694
Total Pages : 257 pages
Book Rating : 4.90/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis The Math Myth by : Andrew Hacker

Download or read book The Math Myth written by Andrew Hacker and published by New Press, The. This book was released on 2010-05-25 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A New York Times–bestselling author looks at mathematics education in America—when it’s worthwhile, and when it’s not. Why do we inflict a full menu of mathematics—algebra, geometry, trigonometry, even calculus—on all young Americans, regardless of their interests or aptitudes? While Andrew Hacker has been a professor of mathematics himself, and extols the glories of the subject, he also questions some widely held assumptions in this thought-provoking and practical-minded book. Does advanced math really broaden our minds? Is mastery of azimuths and asymptotes needed for success in most jobs? Should the entire Common Core syllabus be required of every student? Hacker worries that our nation’s current frenzied emphasis on STEM is diverting attention from other pursuits and even subverting the spirit of the country. Here, he shows how mandating math for everyone prevents other talents from being developed and acts as an irrational barrier to graduation and careers. He proposes alternatives, including teaching facility with figures, quantitative reasoning, and understanding statistics. Expanding upon the author’s viral New York Times op-ed, The Math Myth is sure to spark a heated and needed national conversation—not just about mathematics but about the kind of people and society we want to be. “Hacker’s accessible arguments offer plenty to think about and should serve as a clarion call to students, parents, and educators who decry the one-size-fits-all approach to schooling.” —Publishers Weekly, starred review

How Not to Be Wrong

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Publisher : Penguin
ISBN 13 : 0143127535
Total Pages : 482 pages
Book Rating : 4.36/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis How Not to Be Wrong by : Jordan Ellenberg

Download or read book How Not to Be Wrong written by Jordan Ellenberg and published by Penguin. This book was released on 2015-05-26 with total page 482 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: “Witty, compelling, and just plain fun to read . . ." —Evelyn Lamb, Scientific American The Freakonomics of math—a math-world superstar unveils the hidden beauty and logic of the world and puts its power in our hands The math we learn in school can seem like a dull set of rules, laid down by the ancients and not to be questioned. In How Not to Be Wrong, Jordan Ellenberg shows us how terribly limiting this view is: Math isn’t confined to abstract incidents that never occur in real life, but rather touches everything we do—the whole world is shot through with it. Math allows us to see the hidden structures underneath the messy and chaotic surface of our world. It’s a science of not being wrong, hammered out by centuries of hard work and argument. Armed with the tools of mathematics, we can see through to the true meaning of information we take for granted: How early should you get to the airport? What does “public opinion” really represent? Why do tall parents have shorter children? Who really won Florida in 2000? And how likely are you, really, to develop cancer? How Not to Be Wrong presents the surprising revelations behind all of these questions and many more, using the mathematician’s method of analyzing life and exposing the hard-won insights of the academic community to the layman—minus the jargon. Ellenberg chases mathematical threads through a vast range of time and space, from the everyday to the cosmic, encountering, among other things, baseball, Reaganomics, daring lottery schemes, Voltaire, the replicability crisis in psychology, Italian Renaissance painting, artificial languages, the development of non-Euclidean geometry, the coming obesity apocalypse, Antonin Scalia’s views on crime and punishment, the psychology of slime molds, what Facebook can and can’t figure out about you, and the existence of God. Ellenberg pulls from history as well as from the latest theoretical developments to provide those not trained in math with the knowledge they need. Math, as Ellenberg says, is “an atomic-powered prosthesis that you attach to your common sense, vastly multiplying its reach and strength.” With the tools of mathematics in hand, you can understand the world in a deeper, more meaningful way. How Not to Be Wrong will show you how.

Mathematical Mindsets

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Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1118418271
Total Pages : 311 pages
Book Rating : 4.77/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Mathematical Mindsets by : Jo Boaler

Download or read book Mathematical Mindsets written by Jo Boaler and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-10-12 with total page 311 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Banish math anxiety and give students of all ages a clear roadmap to success Mathematical Mindsets provides practical strategies and activities to help teachers and parents show all children, even those who are convinced that they are bad at math, that they can enjoy and succeed in math. Jo Boaler—Stanford researcher, professor of math education, and expert on math learning—has studied why students don't like math and often fail in math classes. She's followed thousands of students through middle and high schools to study how they learn and to find the most effective ways to unleash the math potential in all students. There is a clear gap between what research has shown to work in teaching math and what happens in schools and at home. This book bridges that gap by turning research findings into practical activities and advice. Boaler translates Carol Dweck's concept of 'mindset' into math teaching and parenting strategies, showing how students can go from self-doubt to strong self-confidence, which is so important to math learning. Boaler reveals the steps that must be taken by schools and parents to improve math education for all. Mathematical Mindsets: Explains how the brain processes mathematics learning Reveals how to turn mistakes and struggles into valuable learning experiences Provides examples of rich mathematical activities to replace rote learning Explains ways to give students a positive math mindset Gives examples of how assessment and grading policies need to change to support real understanding Scores of students hate and fear math, so they end up leaving school without an understanding of basic mathematical concepts. Their evasion and departure hinders math-related pathways and STEM career opportunities. Research has shown very clear methods to change this phenomena, but the information has been confined to research journals—until now. Mathematical Mindsets provides a proven, practical roadmap to mathematics success for any student at any age.

Jousting Armadillos: An Introduction to Algebra - Student Text and Workbook

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Publisher : Arbor Center for Teaching
ISBN 13 : 0982136315
Total Pages : 185 pages
Book Rating : 4.17/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Jousting Armadillos: An Introduction to Algebra - Student Text and Workbook by : Linus Christian Rollman

Download or read book Jousting Armadillos: An Introduction to Algebra - Student Text and Workbook written by Linus Christian Rollman and published by Arbor Center for Teaching. This book was released on 2009-11 with total page 185 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First in the Arbor Algebra series. A writing-based, common sense, whimsical & engaging introduction to algebra for middle-grade math students.

Algebra

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Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9780817636777
Total Pages : 164 pages
Book Rating : 4.73/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Algebra by : I.M. Gelfand

Download or read book Algebra written by I.M. Gelfand and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2003-07-09 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is about algebra. This is a very old science and its gems have lost their charm for us through everyday use. We have tried in this book to refresh them for you. The main part of the book is made up of problems. The best way to deal with them is: Solve the problem by yourself - compare your solution with the solution in the book (if it exists) - go to the next problem. However, if you have difficulties solving a problem (and some of them are quite difficult), you may read the hint or start to read the solution. If there is no solution in the book for some problem, you may skip it (it is not heavily used in the sequel) and return to it later. The book is divided into sections devoted to different topics. Some of them are very short, others are rather long. Of course, you know arithmetic pretty well. However, we shall go through it once more, starting with easy things. 2 Exchange of terms in addition Let's add 3 and 5: 3+5=8. And now change the order: 5+3=8. We get the same result. Adding three apples to five apples is the same as adding five apples to three - apples do not disappear and we get eight of them in both cases. 3 Exchange of terms in multiplication Multiplication has a similar property. But let us first agree on notation.

Understanding College Algebra

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781724642134
Total Pages : 260 pages
Book Rating : 4.38/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Understanding College Algebra by : Eric Kuennen

Download or read book Understanding College Algebra written by Eric Kuennen and published by . This book was released on 2018-08-03 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: College Algebra actually makes sense and is something that you can figure out and understand why it works. This text focuses on a conceptual understanding of the big ideas in algebraic thinking, engaging the student in authentic problem solving and exploring the logical reasoning that underlies the various techniques and procedures in college algebra. An Inquiry-based Approach. Each section starts with a Class Activity to engage students in actually doing mathematics. Doing math is not just calculating or following a procedure. Doing math is figuring things out: investigating, making and testing conjectures, making arguments, and communicating your reasoning to others. The class activities are designed to highlight big algebraic ideas and spark a discussion of algebraic habits of mind, as well as students' alternate conceptions that lead to common algebra mistakes. Students are asked to analyze solutions, explore representations, explain why valid methods for simplifying expressions or solving equations work, and explain why invalid methods do not work. This book is intended to be read. Often math textbooks do not end up being read, but instead are used merely as a reference for their step-by-step procedures. Each section of this text has a "Read and Study" section that discusses the mathematics raised by the Class Activity and focuses on the mathematical reasoning and proof needed to nurture longer-lasting understanding of the content. This is meant to be read slowly and carefully, with pencil in hand. We pose questions that you should think about and answer before reading on. When we do work out an example, we do so to discuss the big ideas and illustrate our reasoning, not with the intention of providing you with a model to copy. Exercises vs. Problems. In the homework, we distinguish between "exercises" and "problems." Exercises are more routine, intended to give you more practice thinking about the big concepts. In contrast, the "problems" are intended to be problematic, to take time to explore, develop and make connections, and often to extend your reasoning to develop new ideas. We do not include "answers" to these homework exercises and problems. Why struggle and persevere to figure something out and understand it when you can just look it up? Mathematics is not about getting the right answer; it's about figuring things out. It's about logical reasoning and being able to justify that what you claim is true. This doesn't mean that you are on your own. We will do our best in the Read and Study sections to discuss the big ideas, offer explanations, and show you some good examples of problem solving and making mathematical arguments. This text addresses the topics of a standard course in College Algebra, with the following sections: 1. Introduction to Algebra 2. Algebra as Generalized Arithmetic 3. Graphs of Equations and Relations 5. Algebraic Expressions and the Order of Operations 6. Defining and Interpreting Symbols 7. The Laws of Algebra 8. The Distributive Law 9. Justifying Properties 10. Cancellation Facts and Myths 11. Exponents 12. Roots of Numbers 13. Irrational and Imaginary Numbers 14. Testing and Justifying Simplifications 15. Types of Equations 16. Properties of Equality and Solving Equations 17. Techniques for Solving Equations 18. Inverse Functions 19. Finding Inverse Function Formulas 20. The Distance Formula 21. Finding Equations for Graphs 22. Function Forms 23. Area Models for Quadratic Expressions 24. Quadratic Forms 25. Transformations of Functions 26. The Fundamental Theorem of Algebra 27. Rational Functions 28. Exponential and Logarithm Functions 29. The Natural Exponent Base 30. Solving Equations Review