Foundations Of Human Sociality

Author : Joseph Patrick Henrich
Publisher : Oxford University Press on Demand
ISBN 13 : 0199262047
Total Pages : 472 pages
Book Rating : 4.45/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Foundations of Human Sociality written by Joseph Patrick Henrich and published by Oxford University Press on Demand. This book was released on 2004 with total page 472 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Addresses the nature of human sociality. By bringing together experimental and ethnographic data from fifteen different tribal societies, the contributors are able to explore the universality of human motives in economic decision-making, and the importance of social, institutional and cultural factors.

Author : Donald McIntosh
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 378 pages
Book Rating : 4.14/5 ( download)

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Download or read book The Foundations of Human Society written by Donald McIntosh and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 378 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Author : James A. Dator
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1461430941
Total Pages : 116 pages
Book Rating : 4.40/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Social Foundations of Human Space Exploration written by James A. Dator and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-02-03 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This title presents a uniquely human perspective on the quest to explore space and to understand the universe through the lens of the arts, humanities, and social sciences. It considers early stories about the universe in various cultures; recent space fiction; the origins and cultural rationale for the space age; experiences of humans in space and their emerging interactions with robots and artificial intelligence; how humans should treat environments and alien life; and the alternative futures of space exploration and settlement.

Author : Richard Jenkins
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1349878359
Total Pages : 179 pages
Book Rating : 4.52/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Foundations of Sociology written by Richard Jenkins and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2018-02-08 with total page 179 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book argues that the foundations of sociology - key concepts which are necessary to all sociology, from whatever perspective - have become taken-for-granted and require re-assessment. Focusing on society, culture, the individual, and collectivity, the author builds a powerful case for an overhaul of these basic concepts, offering a unified model of the subject matter of sociology as 'the human world' - understood as individual, interactional and institutional orders - which is part of the 'natural world'. Written in a straightforward and accessible style, this is a powerful restatement of the value of sociological sense as a necessary critique of common sense, and its relevance to an audience far beyond academia.

Author : Joseph Henrich
Publisher : OUP Oxford
ISBN 13 : 0191532215
Total Pages : 472 pages
Book Rating : 4.14/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Foundations of Human Sociality written by Joseph Henrich and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2004-03-25 with total page 472 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What motives underlie the ways humans interact socially? Are these the same for all societies? Are these part of our nature, or influenced by our environments? Over the last decade, research in experimental economics has emphatically falsified the textbook representation of Homo economicus. Literally hundreds of experiments suggest that people care not only about their own material payoffs, but also about such things as fairness, equity and reciprocity. However, this research left fundamental questions unanswered: Are such social preferences stable components of human nature; or, are they modulated by economic, social and cultural environments? Until now, experimental research could not address this question because virtually all subjects had been university students, and while there are cultural differences among student populations throughout the world, these differences are small compared to the full range of human social and cultural environments. A vast amount of ethnographic and historical research suggests that people's motives are influenced by economic, social, and cultural environments, yet such methods can only yield circumstantial evidence about human motives. Combining ethnographic and experimental approaches to fill this gap, this book breaks new ground in reporting the results of a large cross-cultural study aimed at determining the sources of social (non-selfish) preferences that underlie the diversity of human sociality. The same experiments which provided evidence for social preferences among university students were performed in fifteen small-scale societies exhibiting a wide variety of social, economic and cultural conditions by experienced field researchers who had also done long-term ethnographic field work in these societies. The findings of these experiments demonstrated that no society in which experimental behaviour is consistent with the canonical model of self-interest. Indeed, results showed that the variation in behaviour is far greater than previously thought, and that the differences between societies in market integration and the importance of cooperation explain a substantial portion of this variation, which individual-level economic and demographic variables could not. Finally, the extent to which experimental play mirrors patterns of interaction found in everyday life is traced. The book starts with a succinct but substantive introduction to the use of game theory as an analytical tool and its use in the social sciences for the rigorous testing of hypotheses about fundamental aspects of social behaviour outside artificially constructed laboratories. The results of the fifteen case studies are summarized in a suggestive chapter about the scope of the project.

Author : Samuel Gregg
Publisher : Lexington Books
ISBN 13 : 073915320X
Total Pages : 195 pages
Book Rating : 4.08/5 ( download)

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Download or read book The Commercial Society written by Samuel Gregg and published by Lexington Books. This book was released on 2007-03-29 with total page 195 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Once relatively confined to parts of Europe and North America, commercial societies are now found in many other cultures and continents. Yet despite the international spread and growth of commercial order, the moral, economic, and legal foundations of commercial society remain poorly understood, especially in those countries where it first took root. Guided by the thoughts of Alexis de Tocqueville, Samuel Gregg's The Commercial Society identifies and explores the key foundational elements that must exist within a society for commercial order to take root and flourish. Gregg studies the challenges that have consistently impeded and occasionally undermined commercial order, including the persistence of 'corporatist' values and political movements seeking to equalize social conditions. This book offers a historically-grounded analysis for modern audiences interested in philosophy or the history of economics.

Author : John T. Cacioppo
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 9780262531955
Total Pages : 1368 pages
Book Rating : 4.5X/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Foundations in Social Neuroscience written by John T. Cacioppo and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2002 with total page 1368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive survey of the growing field of social neuroscience.

Author : Jean Ensminger
Publisher : Russell Sage Foundation
ISBN 13 : 1610448405
Total Pages : 492 pages
Book Rating : 4.06/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Experimenting with Social Norms written by Jean Ensminger and published by Russell Sage Foundation. This book was released on 2014-10-22 with total page 492 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Questions about the origins of human cooperation have long puzzled and divided scientists. Social norms that foster fair-minded behavior, altruism and collective action undergird the foundations of large-scale human societies, but we know little about how these norms develop or spread, or why the intensity and breadth of human cooperation varies among different populations. What is the connection between social norms that encourage fair dealing and economic growth? How are these social norms related to the emergence of centralized institutions? Informed by a pioneering set of cross-cultural data, Experimenting with Social Norms advances our understanding of the evolution of human cooperation and the expansion of complex societies. Editors Jean Ensminger and Joseph Henrich present evidence from an exciting collaboration between anthropologists and economists. Using experimental economics games, researchers examined levels of fairness, cooperation, and norms for punishing those who violate expectations of equality across a diverse swath of societies, from hunter-gatherers in Tanzania to a small town in rural Missouri. These experiments tested individuals’ willingness to conduct mutually beneficial transactions with strangers that reap rewards only at the expense of taking a risk on the cooperation of others. The results show a robust relationship between exposure to market economies and social norms that benefit the group over narrow economic self-interest. Levels of fairness and generosity are generally higher among individuals in communities with more integrated markets. Religion also plays a powerful role. Individuals practicing either Islam or Christianity exhibited a stronger sense of fairness, possibly because religions with high moralizing deities, equipped with ample powers to reward and punish, encourage greater prosociality. The size of the settlement also had an impact. People in larger communities were more willing to punish unfairness compared to those in smaller societies. Taken together, the volume supports the hypothesis that social norms evolved over thousands of years to allow strangers in more complex and large settlements to coexist, trade and prosper. Innovative and ambitious, Experimenting with Social Norms synthesizes an unprecedented analysis of social behavior from an immense range of human societies. The fifteen case studies analyzed in this volume, which include field experiments in Africa, South America, New Guinea, Siberia and the United States, are available for free download on the Foundation’s website:www.russellsage.org.

Author : F. L. van Holthoon
Publisher : University Press of America
ISBN 13 : 9780819165046
Total Pages : 398 pages
Book Rating : 4.42/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Common Sense written by F. L. van Holthoon and published by University Press of America. This book was released on 1987 with total page 398 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: NOTE: Series number is not an integer: n/a

Author : John J. Schmidt
Publisher : Allyn & Bacon
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 304 pages
Book Rating : 4.93/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Social and Cultural Foundations of Counseling and Human Services written by John J. Schmidt and published by Allyn & Bacon. This book was released on 2006 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Social and Cultural Foundations of Counseling and Human Services addresses the fundamental social and cultural foundations upon which counselors and other helpers develop the knowledge and skill to work effectively with diverse populations. A basic premise of this new text is that such foundational knowledge includes learning about self-concept development within a cultural and sociological context and about the impact that both individual differences and collectivistic philosophies have on cultural and personal identity. It distinctively features a social psychology perspective of diversity, complemented by an understanding of self-concept theory and its interaction with other models of identity development. Highlights of the First Edition: Maintains a balanced perspective on the impact of individualistic and collectivistic philosophies on a person's development. Utilizes a thorough treatment of social status variables that influence self-concept development, including race, ethnicity, sex, gender, sexual orientation identity, family, aging, spirituality, physical ability and disability, and social class. Provides concrete examples through exercises and narratives to help students understand the impact of specific social and cultural influences on personal development (Chapters 5-9). Contains "Counseling Inferences" sections at the end of every chapter to help summarize chapter content in the context of what it means for practicing counselors and human service providers. Provides information on and access to numerous Web sites that contain social and cultural topics (Appendix A).