Failure Of Polymer Products Due To Chemical Attack

Author : David C. Wright
Publisher : iSmithers Rapra Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9781859572696
Total Pages : 116 pages
Book Rating : 4.93/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Failure of Polymer Products Due to Chemical Attack written by David C. Wright and published by iSmithers Rapra Publishing. This book was released on 2001 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Degradation reactions grouped under the heading chemical attack include oxidation hydrolysis, halogenation and other reactions. They also include some purely physical interactions between materials and fluids, dominated by the absorption of fluid into the material or vice versa. One particular mechanism described in some detail is acid induced stress corrosion cracking, which is the most frequent cause of premature failure of GRP products, and where the principle degradation reaction is between the fluid and the glass fibres. An additional indexed section containing several hundred abstracts from the Rapra Polymer Library database gives useful references for further reading.

Author : D. Wright
Publisher : iSmithers Rapra Publishing
ISBN 13 : 185957517X
Total Pages : 412 pages
Book Rating : 4.78/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Failure of Plastics and Rubber Products written by D. Wright and published by iSmithers Rapra Publishing. This book was released on 2001-06 with total page 412 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Plastics and rubbers together make up the most adaptable and varied class of materials available to product designers. They may be transparent or opaque, rigid or flexible, lightweight, insulating, and weatherproof. They are used in almost every industry, and in every part of the home. Applications range from the humble hot water bottle to the sheathing on a high voltage cable, and from a simple scrubbing brush to a tank for storing hydrochloric acid. Products may be disposable (e.g. packaging goods) or intended to last for decades, such as a buried sewage pipe. However, it is this very diversity which makes materials selection so difficult, and appropriate design so important. Indeed the one thing that all these particular products have in common is their presence in this book of failures. Failures due to degradation may result from exposure to the weather or an aggressive operating environment. Alternatively they may be caused by the introduction of an external agent unforeseen by the product designer. They may be rapid or very slow, and they may result from a combination of factors. In this book Dr. Wright describes the following mechanisms of polymer degradation, and then illustrates each failure mechanism with a number of case studies: Thermo-oxidation, Photo-oxidation, Degradation due to ionising radiation, Chemical attack, Environmental stress cracking, Other miscellaneous effects, including treeing, electrochemical degradation and biodegradation. Many of the case studies are based on Dr. Wrights own experiences whilst working at Rapra. In each case he describes the circumstances of the failure, and discusses both the consequences of the failure and the lessons that may be learned from it. Most of the failed products are familiar to us all, and his style is both readable and informative. Photographs are included where available. The book will be essential reading for designers, engineers, product specifiers and forensic engineers. Materials suppliers and processors will also benefit from the pragmatic analysis and advice it contains. It will also be of value to all students of polymer science and technology, providing an essential insight into the practical application of plastics and rubbers and the potential problems. Finally, it will be of interest to a much broader readership, including anyone who ever wondered why things break, and it should become a standard reference work in all technical libraries. This book was written with the support of the UK Department of Trade and Industry. It is intended to raise awareness of the causes and consequences of polymer product failures, in order to reduce the future incidences of such failures, and their considerable costs to industry

Author : D. C. Wright
Publisher : iSmithers Rapra Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9781859572719
Total Pages : 142 pages
Book Rating : 4.15/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Failure of Polymer Products Due to Thermo-oxidation written by D. C. Wright and published by iSmithers Rapra Publishing. This book was released on 2001 with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The combined effects of oxidising media and heat result in degradation by thermo-oxidation. The principles and cases described in this review emphasise long term degradation in service. Two additional phenomena that influence thermo-oxidation are also described: catalysis by certain metal ions, and the influence of stress. An additional indexed section containing several hundred abstracts from the Polymer Library gives useful references for further reading.

Author : Stuart Fairgrieve
Publisher : iSmithers Rapra Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9781847350831
Total Pages : 146 pages
Book Rating : 4.36/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Nucleating Agents written by Stuart Fairgrieve and published by iSmithers Rapra Publishing. This book was released on 2007-11 with total page 146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A very important factor in obtaining optimised physical properties from a semi-crystalline polymer is the size of the crystalline structures present in the material, and this crucially depends on the initiation process of crystallisation of the polymer from the melt - nucleation. This review provides information on the development of materials and methods for influencing the nucleation of polymer crystallisation in commercial processing by means of addition of low levels of adjuvants specifically selected for this purpose.

Author : Vannessa Goodsgip
Publisher : iSmithers Rapra Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9781859574706
Total Pages : 152 pages
Book Rating : 4.0X/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Troubleshooting Injection Moulding written by Vannessa Goodsgip and published by iSmithers Rapra Publishing. This book was released on 2004 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Annotation Injection moulding is one of the most commonly used processing technologies for plastics materials. Proper machine set up, part and mould design, and material selection can lead to high quality production. This review outlines common factors to check when preparing to injection mould components, so that costly mistakes can be avoided. This review examines the different types of surface defects that can be identified in plastics parts and looks at ways of solving these problems. Useful flow charts to illustrate possible ways forward are included. Case studies and a large b257 of figures make this a very useful report.

Author : Derek J Knight
Publisher : iSmithers Rapra Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9781859574713
Total Pages : 134 pages
Book Rating : 4.18/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Regulation of Food Packaging in Europe and the USA written by Derek J Knight and published by iSmithers Rapra Publishing. This book was released on 2004 with total page 134 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Annotation A wide variety of plastics are used in food-contact applications and it is important that such plastics do not affect the food with which they come into contact. The objective of food packaging legislation is to protect the consumer by controlling the contamination of food by chemicals transferred from the packaging. Food packaging regulations are constantly under revision, and differ significantly between Europe and the USA. This report provides a clearly written summary of the current legislation surrounding the use of plastics in contact with food. It discusses the plastics used in food packaging, their characteristics and applications. This review is accompanied by around 400 abstracts from papers and books in the Rapra Polymer Library database.

Author : D. J. Dunn
Publisher : iSmithers Rapra Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9781859574362
Total Pages : 152 pages
Book Rating : 4.6X/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Engineering and Structural Adhesives written by D. J. Dunn and published by iSmithers Rapra Publishing. This book was released on 2004 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This review discusses the types of engineering adhesives in use, properties, advantages and disadvantages, and applications. It is very clearly written, well referenced and provides an excellent overview of a rapidly developing field. The author is an expert with many years of experience in adhesive research and development. The review is accompanied by around 400 abstracts from papers and books in the Polymer Library, to facilitate further reading on this subject.

Author : Nigel Mills
Publisher : iSmithers Rapra Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9781859574348
Total Pages : 152 pages
Book Rating : 4.43/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Polyolefin Foams written by Nigel Mills and published by iSmithers Rapra Publishing. This book was released on 2003 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Polyolefin Foams are a relatively recent development compared to the other types of foam. Topics covered in this review include: processing and the properties required for successful foam production, the molecular structures necessary, the mechanical and thermal properties and how these can be used to best advantage, markets and applications. The review is accompanied by around 400 abstracts from the Polymer Library database.

Author : K. E. Kear
Publisher : iSmithers Rapra Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9781859574331
Total Pages : 158 pages
Book Rating : 4.35/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Developments in Thermoplastic Elastomers written by K. E. Kear and published by iSmithers Rapra Publishing. This book was released on 2003 with total page 158 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Thermoplastic elastomers (TPEs) have the elastic behaviour of rubber and the processability of thermoplastics. The Freedonia Group has forecast that demand will expand by 6.4% per year to around 2.15 million tons in 2006. There is potential for these new, exciting materials to expand into the much larger thermoset rubber markets. This review includes comparisons between the two material types. There are three major types of TPE: block copolymers, rubber/plastic blends and dynamically vulcanised rubber/plastic alloys known as thermoplastic vulcanisates. The chemistry of these materials and how.

Author : C. Henneuse-Boxus
Publisher : iSmithers Rapra Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9781859573860
Total Pages : 152 pages
Book Rating : 4.6X/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Emissions from Plastics written by C. Henneuse-Boxus and published by iSmithers Rapra Publishing. This book was released on 2003-06-30 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report outlines the key issues regarding emissions from plastics. The report covers emissions from plastics during processing, treatment, storage and end-use. It summarises the published research on a wide variety of materials and settings. New methods of analysis and testing have been developed or adapted to examine these emissions. This report discusses the main techniques used. Data from analysis work on air quality and emissions from plastics is also included in this report. An additional indexed section containing several hundred abstracts from the Rapra Polymer Library database gives useful references for further reading.