Expert Problem Solving

Author : Kenneth Leithwood
Publisher : SUNY Press
ISBN 13 : 9780791421086
Total Pages : 388 pages
Book Rating : 4.82/5 ( download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Download or read book Expert Problem Solving written by Kenneth Leithwood and published by SUNY Press. This book was released on 1995-01-01 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents a series of related empirical studies about the thinking and problem solving processes of expert educational leaders. It describes the nature of expert thinking and provides substantial explanations for the cognitive processes associated with expert thinking. Differences in the thinking and problem solving of male and female; novice and experienced; elementary, secondary, district administrators are all explored. In addition, the book provides a glimpse of the school administrator's world from a problem solving perspective and clarifies the kinds of experiences that give rise to expert thinking.

Author : Aditi Agarwal
Publisher : Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
ISBN 13 : 9781539694120
Total Pages : 82 pages
Book Rating : 4.27/5 ( download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Download or read book An Expert Guide to Problem Solving written by Aditi Agarwal and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2016-11-18 with total page 82 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Most of us encounter problems in our lives, either at work or at home. These problems cause stress in our minds and leave us exhausted. Instinctively, we start to take ad-hoc actions that we think will resolve the problem, but we soon realize that our actions are not effective and do not prevent or solve the core problem. Structured problem solving provides a systematic approach to identify the root causes to a problem. Many scientific tools and methods have been developed to identify effective solutions to any problem. The most widely used problem solving techniques are Fishbone Diagram, Brainstorming, Failure Modes and Effects Analysis, SWOT matrix and 5Whys. Several organizations leverage these problem solving methods to manage their problems at work. Learning about problem solving tools will definitely help you to effectively solve your problems at work and in everyday life. This book will give you an understanding of the different problem solving tools along with practical examples and applications of these tools.

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309131979
Total Pages : 384 pages
Book Rating : 4.71/5 ( download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Download or read book How People Learn written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2000-08-11 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First released in the Spring of 1999, How People Learn has been expanded to show how the theories and insights from the original book can translate into actions and practice, now making a real connection between classroom activities and learning behavior. This edition includes far-reaching suggestions for research that could increase the impact that classroom teaching has on actual learning. Like the original edition, this book offers exciting new research about the mind and the brain that provides answers to a number of compelling questions. When do infants begin to learn? How do experts learn and how is this different from non-experts? What can teachers and schools do-with curricula, classroom settings, and teaching methods--to help children learn most effectively? New evidence from many branches of science has significantly added to our understanding of what it means to know, from the neural processes that occur during learning to the influence of culture on what people see and absorb. How People Learn examines these findings and their implications for what we teach, how we teach it, and how we assess what our children learn. The book uses exemplary teaching to illustrate how approaches based on what we now know result in in-depth learning. This new knowledge calls into question concepts and practices firmly entrenched in our current education system. Topics include: How learning actually changes the physical structure of the brain. How existing knowledge affects what people notice and how they learn. What the thought processes of experts tell us about how to teach. The amazing learning potential of infants. The relationship of classroom learning and everyday settings of community and workplace. Learning needs and opportunities for teachers. A realistic look at the role of technology in education.

Author : Frank Puppe
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3642779719
Total Pages : 353 pages
Book Rating : 4.18/5 ( download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Download or read book Systematic Introduction to Expert Systems written by Frank Puppe and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 353 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: At present one of the main obstacles to a broader application of expert systems is the lack of a theory to tell us which problem-solving methods areavailable for a given problem class. Such a theory could lead to significant progress in the following central aims of the expert system technique: - Evaluating the technical feasibility of expert system projects: This depends on whether there is a suitable problem-solving method, and if possible a corresponding tool, for the given problem class. - Simplifying knowledge acquisition and maintenance: The problem-solving methods provide direct assistance as interpretation models in knowledge acquisition. Also, they make possible the development of problem-specific expert system tools with graphical knowledge acquisition components, which can be used even by experts without programming experience. - Making use of expert systems as a knowledge medium: The structured knowledge in expert systems can be used not only for problem solving but also for knowledge communication and tutorial purposes. With such a theory in mind, this book provides a systematic introduction to expert systems. It describes the basic knowledge representations and the present situation with regard tothe identification, realization, and integration of problem-solving methods for the main problem classes of expert systems: classification (diagnostics), construction, and simulation.

Author : Janet E. Davidson
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521797412
Total Pages : 412 pages
Book Rating : 4.11/5 ( download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Download or read book The Psychology of Problem Solving written by Janet E. Davidson and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2003-06-09 with total page 412 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Problems are a central part of human life. The Psychology of Problem Solving organizes in one volume much of what psychologists know about problem solving and the factors that contribute to its success or failure. There are chapters by leading experts in this field, including Miriam Bassok, Randall Engle, Anders Ericsson, Arthur Graesser, Keith Stanovich, Norbert Schwarz, and Barry Zimmerman, among others. The Psychology of Problem Solving is divided into four parts. Following an introduction that reviews the nature of problems and the history and methods of the field, Part II focuses on individual differences in, and the influence of, the abilities and skills that humans bring to problem situations. Part III examines motivational and emotional states and cognitive strategies that influence problem solving performance, while Part IV summarizes and integrates the various views of problem solving proposed in the preceding chapters.

Author : Beth Crandall
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 0262296942
Total Pages : 347 pages
Book Rating : 4.46/5 ( download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Download or read book Working Minds written by Beth Crandall and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2006-07-07 with total page 347 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How to collect data about cognitive processes and events, how to analyze CTA findings, and how to communicate them effectively: a handbook for managers, trainers, systems analysts, market researchers, health professionals, and others. Cognitive Task Analysis (CTA) helps researchers understand how cognitive skills and strategies make it possible for people to act effectively and get things done. CTA can yield information people need—employers faced with personnel issues, market researchers who want to understand the thought processes of consumers, trainers and others who design instructional systems, health care professionals who want to apply lessons learned from errors and accidents, systems analysts developing user specifications, and many other professionals. CTA can show what makes the workplace work—and what keeps it from working as well as it might. Working Minds is a true handbook, offering a set of tools for doing CTA: methods for collecting data about cognitive processes and events, analyzing them, and communicating them effectively. It covers both the "why" and the "how" of CTA methods, providing examples, guidance, and stories from the authors' own experiences as CTA practitioners. Because effective use of CTA depends on some conceptual grounding in cognitive theory and research—on knowing what a cognitive perspective can offer—the book also offers an overview of current research on cognition. The book provides detailed guidance for planning and carrying out CTA, with chapters on capturing knowledge and capturing the way people reason. It discusses studying cognition in real-world settings and the challenges of rapidly changing technology. And it describes key issues in applying CTA findings in a variety of fields. Working Minds makes the methodology of CTA accessible and the skills involved attainable.

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309254140
Total Pages : 282 pages
Book Rating : 4.44/5 ( download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Download or read book Discipline-Based Education Research written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2012-08-27 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The National Science Foundation funded a synthesis study on the status, contributions, and future direction of discipline-based education research (DBER) in physics, biological sciences, geosciences, and chemistry. DBER combines knowledge of teaching and learning with deep knowledge of discipline-specific science content. It describes the discipline-specific difficulties learners face and the specialized intellectual and instructional resources that can facilitate student understanding. Discipline-Based Education Research is based on a 30-month study built on two workshops held in 2008 to explore evidence on promising practices in undergraduate science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) education. This book asks questions that are essential to advancing DBER and broadening its impact on undergraduate science teaching and learning. The book provides empirical research on undergraduate teaching and learning in the sciences, explores the extent to which this research currently influences undergraduate instruction, and identifies the intellectual and material resources required to further develop DBER. Discipline-Based Education Research provides guidance for future DBER research. In addition, the findings and recommendations of this report may invite, if not assist, post-secondary institutions to increase interest and research activity in DBER and improve its quality and usefulness across all natural science disciples, as well as guide instruction and assessment across natural science courses to improve student learning. The book brings greater focus to issues of student attrition in the natural sciences that are related to the quality of instruction. Discipline-Based Education Research will be of interest to educators, policy makers, researchers, scholars, decision makers in universities, government agencies, curriculum developers, research sponsors, and education advocacy groups.

Author : Robert J. Sternberg
Publisher : Psychology Press
ISBN 13 : 1317783859
Total Pages : 464 pages
Book Rating : 4.55/5 ( download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Download or read book Complex Problem Solving written by Robert J. Sternberg and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2014-01-14 with total page 464 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although complex problem solving has emerged as a field of psychology in its own right, the literature is, for the most part, widely scattered, and often so technical that it is inaccessible to non-experts. This unique book provides a comprehensive, in-depth, and accessible introduction to the field of complex problem solving. Chapter authors -- experts in their selected domains -- deliver systematic, thought-provoking analyses generally written from an information-processing point of view. Areas addressed include politics, electronics, and computers.

Author : David H. Jonassen
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1136941886
Total Pages : 472 pages
Book Rating : 4.87/5 ( download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Download or read book Learning to Solve Problems written by David H. Jonassen and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2010-09-13 with total page 472 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a comprehensive, up-to-date look at problem solving research and practice over the last fifteen years. The first chapter describes differences in types of problems, individual differences among problem-solvers, as well as the domain and context within which a problem is being solved. Part one describes six kinds of problems and the methods required to solve them. Part two goes beyond traditional discussions of case design and introduces six different purposes or functions of cases, the building blocks of problem-solving learning environments. It also describes methods for constructing cases to support problem solving. Part three introduces a number of cognitive skills required for studying cases and solving problems. Finally, Part four describes several methods for assessing problem solving. Key features includes: Teaching Focus – The book is not merely a review of research. It also provides specific research-based advice on how to design problem-solving learning environments. Illustrative Cases – A rich array of cases illustrates how to build problem-solving learning environments. Part two introduces six different functions of cases and also describes the parameters of a case. Chapter Integration – Key theories and concepts are addressed across chapters and links to other chapters are made explicit. The idea is to show how different kinds of problems, cases, skills, and assessments are integrated. Author expertise – A prolific researcher and writer, the author has been researching and publishing books and articles on learning to solve problems for the past fifteen years. This book is appropriate for advanced courses in instructional design and technology, science education, applied cognitive psychology, thinking and reasoning, and educational psychology. Instructional designers, especially those involved in designing problem-based learning, as well as curriculum designers who seek new ways of structuring curriculum will find it an invaluable reference tool.

Author : Sarah Elizabeth Parikh
Publisher : Stanford University
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 166 pages
Book Rating : 4.21/5 ( download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Download or read book Characterizing Expert and Novice Differences in Problem Solving in Heat Transfer written by Sarah Elizabeth Parikh and published by Stanford University. This book was released on 2011 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This research investigates adaptive expertise through the analysis of written open-ended questions. The open-ended questions were given to experts (advanced graduate students) and to novices (undergraduates taking an introductory heat transfer course). Analysis of the experts' responses to these questions indicated that experts make qualifying statements in their responses, a newly identified characteristic of expertise. Analysis of the novices' responses indicates areas for future work in research and teaching. Additionally, the wording of the open-ended questions appears to be important: the responses to questions that asked participants to choose an outcome showed greater differences between the expert and novice participants than questions that asked participants to explain how or why something happens.