Evolutionary Dynamics Of Malignancy

Author : Steven A. Frank
Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 0691186863
Total Pages : 393 pages
Book Rating : 4.63/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Dynamics of Cancer written by Steven A. Frank and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2018-06-05 with total page 393 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The onset of cancer presents one of the most fundamental problems in modern biology. In Dynamics of Cancer, Steven Frank produces the first comprehensive analysis of how particular genetic and environmental causes influence the age of onset. The book provides a unique conceptual and historical framework for understanding the causes of cancer and other diseases that increase with age. Using a novel quantitative framework of reliability and multistage breakdown, Frank unifies molecular, demographic, and evolutionary levels of analysis. He interprets a wide variety of observations on the age of cancer onset, the genetic and environmental causes of disease, and the organization of tissues with regard to stem cell biology and somatic mutation. Frank uses new quantitative methods to tackle some of the classic problems in cancer biology and aging: how the rate of increase in the incidence of lung cancer declines after individuals quit smoking, the distinction between the dosage of a chemical carcinogen and the time of exposure, and the role of inherited genetic variation in familial patterns of cancer. This is the only book that presents a full analysis of the age of cancer onset. It is a superb teaching tool and a rich source of ideas for new and experienced researchers. For cancer biologists, population geneticists, evolutionary biologists, and demographers interested in aging, this book provides new insight into disease progression, the inheritance of predisposition to disease, and the evolutionary processes that have shaped organismal design.

Author : Robert C. Jackson
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3031325737
Total Pages : 271 pages
Book Rating : 4.31/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Evolutionary Dynamics of Malignancy written by Robert C. Jackson and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-06-24 with total page 271 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advances in cancer genomics are transforming our understanding of cancer, and have profound implications for its prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Evolutionary dynamics suggests that as few as two mutations can cause transformation of normal cells into cancer stem cells. A process of Darwinian selection, involving a further three or more mutations, taking place over a period of years, can then result in progression to a life-threatening tumour. In many cases the immune response can recognise and eliminate the mutant cells, but most advanced tumours have mutations that activate immune checkpoints and enable the tumour to hide from the immune system. For the most hard-to-treat tumours, future progress will require molecular diagnostics to detect cancer-causing mutations in healthy subjects, and new drugs or vaccines that prevent the progression process. Chapters of this book deal with the signalling pathways that control cell division, and changes in these pathways in cancer cells. Three cell cycle checkpoints that are often mutated in cancer are analysed in detail. A discussion of chronic myeloid leukaemia illustrates the role of reactive oxygen species in driving progression from a chronic to an acute condition. A single drug that suppresses reactive oxygen can prevent disease progression and turn an otherwise deadly disease into a condition that can be managed to enable many years of normal life. Another chapter discusses chronic myelomonocytic leukaemia, a disease that involves both genetic and epigenetic change. Tumour progression is discussed as a multi-stage process in which cancer stem cells evolve into genetically unstable, invasive, metastatic, drug-resistant growths. Each of these stages can act as targets for drugs or immunomodulators, but the future of cancer treatment lies in understanding tumour dynamics, and arresting malignancy at the earliest possible stage. Evolutionary dynamics is a primarily mathematical technique, but the target readership will be tumour biologists, clinicians, and drug developers. Computational detail is provided in an online supplement, but the main text emphasises the implications of the dynamics for an understanding of tumour biology and does not require mathematical expertise.

Author : Beata Ujvari
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0128043806
Total Pages : 292 pages
Book Rating : 4.06/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Ecology and Evolution of Cancer written by Beata Ujvari and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2017-02-08 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ecology and Evolution of Cancer is a timely work outlining ideas that not only represent a substantial and original contribution to the fields of evolution, ecology, and cancer, but also goes beyond by connecting the interfaces of these disciplines. This work engages the expertise of a multidisciplinary research team to collate and review the latest knowledge and developments in this exciting research field. The evolutionary perspective of cancer has gained significant international recognition and interest, which is fully understandable given that somatic cellular selection and evolution are elegant explanations for carcinogenesis. Cancer is now generally accepted to be an evolutionary and ecological process with complex interactions between tumor cells and their environment sharing many similarities with organismal evolution. As a critical contribution to this field of research the book is important and relevant for the applications of evolutionary biology to understand the origin of cancers, to control neoplastic progression, and to prevent therapeutic failures. Covers all aspects of the evolution of cancer, appealing to researchers seeking to understand its origins and effects of treatments on its progression, as well as to lecturers in evolutionary medicine Functions as both an introduction to cancer and evolution and a review of the current research on this burgeoning, exciting field, presented by an international group of leading editors and contributors Improves understanding of the origin and the evolution of cancer, aiding efforts to determine how this disease interferes with biotic interactions that govern ecosystems Highlights research that intends to apply evolutionary principles to help predict emergence and metastatic progression with the aim of improving therapies

Author : Dominik Wodarz
Publisher : World Scientific
ISBN 13 : 9814566381
Total Pages : 533 pages
Book Rating : 4.84/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Dynamics Of Cancer: Mathematical Foundations Of Oncology written by Dominik Wodarz and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2014-04-24 with total page 533 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book aims to provide an introduction to mathematical models that describe the dynamics of tumor growth and the evolution of tumor cells. It can be used as a textbook for advanced undergraduate or graduate courses, and also serves as a reference book for researchers. The book has a strong evolutionary component and reflects the viewpoint that cancer can be understood rationally through a combination of mathematical and biological tools. It can be used both by mathematicians and biologists. Mathematically, the book starts with relatively simple ordinary differential equation models, and subsequently explores more complex stochastic and spatial models. Biologically, the book starts with explorations of the basic dynamics of tumor growth, including competitive interactions among cells, and subsequently moves on to the evolutionary dynamics of cancer cells, including scenarios of cancer initiation, progression, and treatment. The book finishes with a discussion of advanced topics, which describe how some of the mathematical concepts can be used to gain insights into a variety of questions, such as epigenetics, telomeres, gene therapy, and social interactions of cancer cells.

Author : Franziska Michor
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 326 pages
Book Rating : 4.22/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Evolutionary Dynamics of Cancer written by Franziska Michor and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 326 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Author : Ali Mahdipour Shirayeh
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 163 pages
Book Rating : 4.99/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Evolutionary Dynamics of Cancer written by Ali Mahdipour Shirayeh and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 163 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Despite significant advances in the study of cancer and associated combination therapeutic treatments, cancer still remains one of the most common and complex often-terminal diseases. Acquisition of high-throughput experimental data from diverse cellular perspectives has thrown light on some of the regulatory mechanisms underlying the development of cancer. However, in general there is a lack of a general pattern and coherent model which can explain the development and evolution of the disease. To this end, evolutionary dynamics has been used, as a mathematical tool, in numerous studies to model various aspects of cancer over time periods. Our main focus in this thesis is on the use of stochastic and statistic methods to study cellular interactions within cancer tissues in order to understand the role of spatial structure, heterogeneity, and the microenvironment in cancer development. By constructing multi-cellular structures and using both analytic calculations and stochastic simulations, we have investigated the phenotypic hierarchy of stem cells within a heterogeneous system and in the presence of environmentally induced plasticity. Moreover, the effect of a random environment on the development of cancer has been explored in a general framework. As an important application of the multi-stage hierarchical model, the structure of the colonic/intestinal crypt has been taken into account to show the crucial role of these stem cells in the initiation and progression of colorectal/intestinal cancer. From an alternative viewpoint, we have envisaged the hierarchy of mutations as an evolutionary mechanism in the context of acute myeloid leukemia and carried out a statistical analysis of genetic data. Our findings in this thesis are general and most likely have many implications across a wide array of fields including different blood and solid cancers, bacterial growth, drug resistance and social networks. Moreover, the introduced methods and analyses should have important applications in diverse branches of evolution, ecology, and population genetics.

Author : Martin A. Nowak
Publisher : Harvard University Press
ISBN 13 : 0674417755
Total Pages : 390 pages
Book Rating : 4.55/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Evolutionary Dynamics written by Martin A. Nowak and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2006-09-29 with total page 390 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: At a time of unprecedented expansion in the life sciences, evolution is the one theory that transcends all of biology. Any observation of a living system must ultimately be interpreted in the context of its evolution. Evolutionary change is the consequence of mutation and natural selection, which are two concepts that can be described by mathematical equations. Evolutionary Dynamics is concerned with these equations of life. In this book, Martin A. Nowak draws on the languages of biology and mathematics to outline the mathematical principles according to which life evolves. His work introduces readers to the powerful yet simple laws that govern the evolution of living systems, no matter how complicated they might seem. Evolution has become a mathematical theory, Nowak suggests, and any idea of an evolutionary process or mechanism should be studied in the context of the mathematical equations of evolutionary dynamics. His book presents a range of analytical tools that can be used to this end: fitness landscapes, mutation matrices, genomic sequence space, random drift, quasispecies, replicators, the Prisoner’s Dilemma, games in finite and infinite populations, evolutionary graph theory, games on grids, evolutionary kaleidoscopes, fractals, and spatial chaos. Nowak then shows how evolutionary dynamics applies to critical real-world problems, including the progression of viral diseases such as AIDS, the virulence of infectious agents, the unpredictable mutations that lead to cancer, the evolution of altruism, and even the evolution of human language. His book makes a clear and compelling case for understanding every living system—and everything that arises as a consequence of living systems—in terms of evolutionary dynamics.

Author : Carlo C. Maley
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 1493964607
Total Pages : 266 pages
Book Rating : 4.04/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Frontiers in Cancer Research written by Carlo C. Maley and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-11-21 with total page 266 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the ideal book for anyone contemplating starting a career in, or shifting their career to, studying the dynamics that drive cancer progression and its response to therapy. Topics include the theory and population genetics of cancers, genetic diversity within tumors (intra-tumor heterogeneity), understanding how mutant clones expand in tissues, the role of cancer stem cells in the dynamics of tumors, the evolution of metastasis, and how to improve cancer therapy by addressing the evolution of cancers in response to our interventions. There are also chapters on the patterns of cancer susceptibility in humans due to a mismatch between our modern environment and the environment in which our ancestors evolved, as well as a chapter on the evolution of cancer suppression mechanisms that have evolved in different species, particularly the large long-lived animals like elephants and whales that are better at suppressing cancers than humans. This book serves as a primer on the evolutionary and ecological theory of cancer- the framework upon which all the details of cancer may be hung. It is ideal for oncologists and cancer researchers interested in evolutionary theory, and evolutionary biologists and ecologists interested in gaining insights into cancer development and prevention.

Author : Charles Swanton
Publisher : Perspectives Cshl
ISBN 13 : 9781621821434
Total Pages : 350 pages
Book Rating : 4.39/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Cancer Evolution written by Charles Swanton and published by Perspectives Cshl. This book was released on 2017 with total page 350 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tumor progression is driven by mutations that confer growth advantages to different subpopulations of cancer cells. As a tumor grows, these subpopulations expand, accumulate new mutations, and are subjected to selective pressures from the environment, including anticancer interventions. This process, termed clonal evolution, can lead to the emergence of therapy-resistant tumors and poses a major challenge for cancer eradication efforts. Written and edited by experts in the field, this collection from Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Medicine examines cancer progression as an evolutionary process and explores how this way of looking at cancer may lead to more effective strategies for managing and treating it. The contributors review efforts to characterize the subclonal architecture and dynamics of tumors, understand the roles of chromosomal instability, driver mutations, and mutation order, and determine how cancer cells respond to selective pressures imposed by anticancer agents, immune cells, and other components of the tumor microenvironment. They compare cancer evolution to organismal evolution and describe how ecological theories and mathematical models are being used to understand the complex dynamics between a tumor and its microenvironment during cancer progression. The authors also discuss improved methods to monitor tumor evolution (e.g., liquid biopsies) and the development of more effective strategies for managing and treating cancers (e.g., immunotherapies). This volume will therefore serve as a vital reference for all cancer biologists as well as anyone seeking to improve clinical outcomes for patients with cancer.

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.41/5 ( download)

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Download or read book The Evolutionary Dynamics of Cancer written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We hypothesized that a subset of the mutations observed in the progression to cancer confer beneficial selective effects on the cell. Our aim was to identify these selective mutations and to infer the interactions between the mutant clones in Barrett's esophagus (BE) that eventually lead to the development of esophageal adenocarcinoma. The results were to be a set of predictions about the roles of specific mutations in the progression to cancer.