Evolution Of Arthropod Mechanisms Classic Reprint

Author : R. E. Snodgrass
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781332814893
Total Pages : 432 pages
Book Rating : 4.91/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Evolution of Arthropod Mechanisms (Classic Reprint) written by R. E. Snodgrass and published by . This book was released on 2016-06-27 with total page 432 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Excerpt from Evolution of Arthropod Mechanisms Any study of evolution necessarily involves theories, but if we stopped short with known facts our phylogenetic trees would wither at the roots. Particularly when we attempt to reconstruct events that took place in remote Precambrian times we can have recourse only to our imagination. Where connecting links between modern animals cannot be known, we must invent them; at least, if evolution is true, we can feel sure that connecting links really did exist. Imagination, of course, must be controlled by reasoning from the known to the unknown, but unfortunately our brains do not all reason in the same way and often produce very different concepts from the same set of facts. Yet some ideas should be more plausible than others. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.

Author : R. E. SNODGRASS
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781033303863
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.60/5 ( download)

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Download or read book EVOLUTION OF ARTHROPOD MECHANISMS written by R. E. SNODGRASS and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Author : Robert Evans Snodgrass
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781258311193
Total Pages : 82 pages
Book Rating : 4.94/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Evolution of Arthropod Mechanisms written by Robert Evans Snodgrass and published by . This book was released on 2012-04-01 with total page 82 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Author : Robert E. Snodgrass
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 77 pages
Book Rating : 4.88/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Evolution of Arthropod Mechanisms written by Robert E. Snodgrass and published by . This book was released on 1958 with total page 77 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Author : Robert E. Snodgrass
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780598383181
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.82/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Evolution of Arthropod Mechanisms written by Robert E. Snodgrass and published by . This book was released on 1958 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Author : Alessandro Minelli
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3642361609
Total Pages : 530 pages
Book Rating : 4.09/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Arthropod Biology and Evolution written by Alessandro Minelli and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-04-11 with total page 530 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: More than two thirds of all living organisms described to date belong to the phylum Arthropoda. But their diversity, as measured in terms of species number, is also accompanied by an amazing disparity in terms of body form, developmental processes, and adaptations to every inhabitable place on Earth, from the deepest marine abysses to the earth surface and the air. The Arthropoda also include one of the most fashionable and extensively studied of all model organisms, the fruit-fly, whose name is not only linked forever to Mendelian and population genetics, but has more recently come back to centre stage as one of the most important and more extensively investigated models in developmental genetics. This approach has completely changed our appreciation of some of the most characteristic traits of arthropods as are the origin and evolution of segments, their regional and individual specialization, and the origin and evolution of the appendages. At approximately the same time as developmental genetics was eventually turning into the major agent in the birth of evolutionary developmental biology (evo-devo), molecular phylogenetics was challenging the traditional views on arthropod phylogeny, including the relationships among the four major groups: insects, crustaceans, myriapods, and chelicerates. In the meantime, palaeontology was revealing an amazing number of extinct forms that on the one side have contributed to a radical revisitation of arthropod phylogeny, but on the other have provided evidence of a previously unexpected disparity of arthropod and arthropod-like forms that often challenge a clear-cut delimitation of the phylum.

Author : Václav Větvička
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9783764358136
Total Pages : 216 pages
Book Rating : 4.30/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Evolutionary Mechanisms of Defense Reactions written by Václav Větvička and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1998 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: References.- Animals at the cell-aggregate body organization.- Porifera.- Humoral immunity.- Cellular immunity.- Conclusions.- References.- Diblastic animals.- Coelenterata.- Humoral immunity.- Cellular immunity.- The immune phenomena characteristics.- Conclusions.- References.- Protostomes.- Annelida.- The evolutionary significance of metamery and the coelom.- The cells.- The origin.- Humoral immunity.- Adaptive humoral immunity.- Cellular immunity.- Phagocytosis.- Cytotoxic reactions.- Transplantation reaction.- Adaptive cellular defense reactions.- Conclusions.- References.- Arthropoda.- References.- Chelicerata.- The cells and structures engaged in the immune reactions.- Humoral immunity.- Cellular immunity.- References.- Crustacea.- Hemopoitic structures.- Humoral immunity.- Cellular immunity.- References.- Insecta.- Blood cells.- Hemopoietic structures and their possible relevance to immunity.- Humoral immunity.- Inducible antibacterial peptides.- Cellular immunology.- Phagocytosis.- Encapsulation.- Transplantation immunity.- References.- Mollusca.- The hemopoietic tissues and organs.- The gastropods.- The bivalves.- The cephalopods.- Humoral immunity.- Cellular immunity.- Conclusions.- References.- Deuterostomes.- Echinodermata.- The coelomic derivatives of echinoderms and their possible role in immunity.- The immune significance of coelomic tubular and perivisceral systems.- The water vascular, hemal and perihemal systems.- Perivisceral coelom.- Other structures engaged in the immunity.- Humoral immunity.- Cellular immunity.- Regeneration.- Conclusions.- References.- Chordates/Urochordata.- The anatomical features of ascidians in regard to their possible immune significance.- The immune significance of the pharyngeal region.- Other structures engaged in the immunity.- The lymph nodules.- Body wall.- The neural gland.- Humoral immunity.- Cellular immunity.- Conclusions.- References.- Chordates/Vertebrates/Agnatha.- Origin.- The immunocompetent tissues and organs.- The possible thymus equivalent lymphoid structures of pharyngeal region.- The gut-associated lymphoid structures considered to be equivalent to the spleen.- Lymphoid tissues with the poietic capability supposed to be equivalent to bone marrow.- Other lymphohemopoietic tissues.- Humoral immunity.- Specific humoral immunity.- Cellular immunity.- References.- Chordates/Vertebrates/Chondrichthyes.- Origins.- The immunocompetent tissues and organs of chondrichthyans.- The thymus.- The spleen.- The gut-associated lymphoid tissue.- The immunocompetent tissues and organs of chondrichthyans comparable to the bone marrow.- The Leydig's organ.- Epigonal organs.- The lymphomyeloid structures of cranial region.- The kidney.- Development of lymphohemopoiesis in elasmobranchs.- Humoral immunity.- Specific humoral immunity.- Cellular immunity.- Specific cellular immunity.- Conclusions.- References.- Chordates/Vertebrates /Osteichthyes.- Origins.- The immunocompetent tissues and organs of osteichthyans.- The thymus.- The spleen.- The gut-associated lymphoid tissue.- The immunocompetent tissues and organs of osteichthyans comparable to the bone marrow.- The kidney.- Other structures.- Cells.- B Lymphocytes.- T Lymphocytes.- MHC Antigens.- Nonspecific humoral immunity.- Specific humoral immunity.- Nonspecific cellular immunity.- Cytokines.- Transplantation.- Cytotoxicity.- Cellular cooperation.- Conclusions.- References.- General conclusions.- References.

Author : J. L. Cloudsley-Thompson
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 164 pages
Book Rating : 4.80/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Evolution and Adaptation of Terrestrial Arthropods written by J. L. Cloudsley-Thompson and published by Springer. This book was released on 1988 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Author : William Lawrence Tower
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781332296514
Total Pages : 438 pages
Book Rating : 4.13/5 ( download)

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Download or read book The Mechanism of Evolution in Leptinotarsa (Classic Reprint) written by William Lawrence Tower and published by . This book was released on 2015-08-05 with total page 438 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Excerpt from The Mechanism of Evolution in Leptinotarsa The data and conclusions presented in part in this volume are the product of a project in which it was attempted to attack the "evolution problem" in one set of organisms from a number of different aspects. Evolution in organisms must be conceived of as the product of the interaction of internal and external factors, operating in strict mechanistic manner, as in non-vital phenomena, so that the central problem was the determination and proof of the mechanism of action of these two groups of factors whose operations are productive of evolutionary changes. Experimental analysis of the problems, prosecuted with rigor and thoroughness, has been held to be the only means of progress. Before this ideal could be applied much preliminary clearing of the ground had to be done, and to this I gave the necessary attention in a report published under the title "An Investigation of Evolution in Chrysomelid Beetles of the Genus Leptinotarsa." The results of the project have been the development of a mechanistic conception of evolution based upon the interplay of genetic and environic factors and the demonstration that the methods of evolution are heterogeneous, even in one group of organisms. The basis of all methods of change is found to be directly the product of the nature of the genetic factors of composition and their capacity for diverse modes of reaction, especially with factors of the environic complex. Purpose, utility, and kindred concepts have found no support, every change appearing as the chance mechanistic product of the reacting agents; while the product of the reaction either was able or not able to operate under the conditions of origination, so that survival is decided at once and not after long and faltering trials. The project as organized consists of three parts, each necessary to the success of the others and to the hope of arriving at a knowledge of the mechanism of evolution that is not based upon plausibility and the arrangement of isolated facts upon the fabric of preconceived theory. The first stage (reported upon in the publication referred to) must deal with the discovery and testing of some limited set of organisms in nature that are possible subjects for study and especially for the experimental portions of the investigation. Further, it is necessary to become fully acquainted with the organisms in nature and to make preliminary tests to discover whether it is possible to produce permanent changes in the material and the probable success, if any, that might be expected from an experimental attack upon this portion of the problem. The second portion, given a successful outcome of the first, must comprise a rigorous experimental investigation of the factors of evolution and an attempt to create new attributes and qualities not existing in nature in the materials, and to discover the relation of these to old characters and their interaction when brought into combination or into competition with existing characters. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.

Author : Tony Harris
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9400741863
Total Pages : 423 pages
Book Rating : 4.67/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Adherens Junctions: from Molecular Mechanisms to Tissue Development and Disease written by Tony Harris and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-06-07 with total page 423 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cell–cell adhesion is fundamental for the development and homeostasis of animal tissues and organs. Adherens junctions (AJs) are the best understood cell-cell adhesion complexes. In this volume, a group of internationally recognized experts reviews AJ biology over a wide range of organization; from atoms to molecules, to protein complexes, molecular networks, cells, tissues, and overall animal development. AJs have also been an integral part of animal evolution, and play central roles in cancer development, pathogen infection and other diseases. This book addresses major questions encompassing AJ biology. • How did AJs evolve? • How do cadherins and catenins interact to assemble AJs and mediate adhesion? • How do AJs interface with other cellular machinery to couple adhesion with the whole cell? • How do AJs affect cell behaviour and multicellular development? • How can abnormal AJ activity lead to disease?