Echinoderm Paleobiology

Author : William I. Ausich
Publisher : Indiana University Press
ISBN 13 : 0253351286
Total Pages : 474 pages
Book Rating : 4.89/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Echinoderm Paleobiology written by William I. Ausich and published by Indiana University Press. This book was released on 2008-07-18 with total page 474 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The dominant faunal elements in shallow Paleozoic oceans, echinoderms are important to understanding these marine ecosystems. Echinoderms (which include such animals as sea stars, crinoids or sea lilies, sea urchins, sand dollars, and sea cucumbers) have left a rich and, for science, extremely useful fossil record. For various reasons, they provide the ideal source for answers to the questions that will help us develop a more complete understanding of global environmental and biodiversity changes. This volume highlights the modern study of fossil echinoderms and is organized into five parts: echinoderm paleoecology, functional morphology, and paleoecology; evolutionary paleoecology; morphology for refined phylogenetic studies; innovative applications of data encoded in echinoderms; and information on new crinoid data sets.

Author : Colin D. Sumrall
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1009397168
Total Pages : 91 pages
Book Rating : 4.62/5 ( download)

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Download or read book A Review and Evaluation of Homology Hypotheses in Echinoderm Paleobiology written by Colin D. Sumrall and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2023-04-13 with total page 91 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The extraxial-axial theory (EAT) and universal elemental homology (UEH) are often portrayed as mutually exclusive hypotheses of homology within pentaradiate Echinodermata. EAT describes homology upon the echinoderm bauplan, interpreted through early post-metamorphic growth and growth zones, dividing it into axial regions generally associated with elements of the ambulacral system and extraxial regions that are not. UEH describes the detailed construction of the axial skeleton, dividing it into homologous plates and plate series based on symmetry, early growth, and function. These hypotheses are not in conflict; the latter is rooted in refinement of the former. Some interpretive differences arise because many of the morphologies described from eleutherozoan development are difficult to reconcile with Paleozoic forms. Conversely, many elements described for Paleozoic taxa by UEH, such as the peristomial border plates, are absent in eleutherozoans. This Element recommends these two hypotheses be used together to generate a better understanding of homology across Echinodermata.

Author : Imran A. Rahman
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1108896499
Total Pages : 46 pages
Book Rating : 4.98/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Computational Fluid Dynamics and its Applications in Echinoderm Palaeobiology written by Imran A. Rahman and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2020-11-19 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Computational fluid dynamics (CFD), which involves using computers to simulate fluid flow, is emerging as a powerful approach for elucidating the palaeobiology of ancient organisms. Here, Imran A. Rahman describes its applications for studying fossil echinoderms. When properly configured, CFD simulations can be used to test functional hypotheses in extinct species, informing on aspects such as feeding and stability. They also show great promise for addressing ecological questions related to the interaction between organisms and their environment. CFD has the potential to become an important tool in echinoderm palaeobiology over the coming years.

Author : Jeffrey R. Thompson
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1009189190
Total Pages : 120 pages
Book Rating : 4.94/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Molecular Paleobiology of the Echinoderm Skeleton written by Jeffrey R. Thompson and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2022-12-01 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The echinoderms are an ideal group to understand evolution from a holistic, interdisciplinary framework. The genetic regulatory networks underpinning development in echinoderms are some of the best known for any model group. Additionally, the echinoderms have an excellent fossil record, elucidating in in detail the evolutionary changes underpinning morphological evolution. In this Element, the echinoderms are discussed as a model group for molecular palaeobiological studies, integrating what is known of their development, genomes, and fossil record. Together, these insights shed light on the molecular and morphological evolution underpinning the vast biodiversity of echinoderms, and the animal kingdom more generally.

Author : Bradley Deline
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1108898041
Total Pages : 79 pages
Book Rating : 4.41/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Echinoderm Morphological Disparity: Methods, Patterns, and Possibilities written by Bradley Deline and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2021-02-11 with total page 79 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The quantification of morphology through time is a vital tool in elucidating macroevolutionary patterns. Studies of disparity require intense effort but can provide insights beyond those gained using other methodologies. Over the last several decades, studies of disparity have proliferated, often using echinoderms as a model organism. Echinoderms have been used to study the methodology of disparity analyses and potential biases as well as documenting the morphological patterns observed in clades through time. Combining morphological studies with phylogenetic analyses or other disparate data sets allows for the testing of detailed and far-reaching evolutionary hypotheses.

Author : William I. Ausich
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1108896472
Total Pages : 79 pages
Book Rating : 4.74/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Disarticulation and Preservation of Fossil Echinoderms: Recognition of Ecological-Time Information in the Echinoderm Fossil Record written by William I. Ausich and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2021-02-11 with total page 79 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The history of life on earth is largely reconstructed from time-averaged accumulations of fossils. A glimpse at ecologic-time attributes and processes is relatively rare. However, the time-sensitive and predictability of echinoderm disarticulation makes them model organisms to determine post-mortem transportation and allows recognition of ecological-time data within paleocommunity accumulations. Unlike many other fossil groups, this has allowed research on many aspects of echinoderms and their paleocommunities, such as the distribution of soft tissues, assessment of the amount of fossil transportation prior to burial, determination of intraspecific variation, paleocommunity composition, estimation of relative abundance of taxa in paleocommunities, determination of attributes of niche differentiation, etc. Crinoids and echinoids have received the most amount of taphonomic research, and the patterns present in these two groups can be used to develop a more thorough understanding of all echinoderm clades.

Author : Jennifer E. Bauer
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1108899153
Total Pages : 67 pages
Book Rating : 4.54/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Virtual Paleontology written by Jennifer E. Bauer and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2021-11-11 with total page 67 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Imaging and visualizing fossils in three dimensions with tomography is a powerful approach in paleontology. Here, the authors introduce select destructive and non-destructive tomographic techniques that are routinely applied to fossils and review how this work has improved our understanding of the anatomy, function, taphonomy, and phylogeny of fossil echinoderms. Building on this, this Element discusses how new imaging and computational methods have great promise for addressing long-standing paleobiological questions. Future efforts to improve the accessibility of the data underlying this work will be key for realizing the potential of this virtual world of paleontology.

Author : Michael J. Benton
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1119272858
Total Pages : 661 pages
Book Rating : 4.54/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Introduction to Paleobiology and the Fossil Record written by Michael J. Benton and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2020-06-02 with total page 661 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents a comprehensive overview of the science of the history of life. Paleobiologists bring many analytical tools to bear in interpreting the fossil record and the book introduces the latest techniques, from multivariate investigations of biogeography and biostratigraphy to engineering analysis of dinosaur skulls, and from homeobox genes to cladistics. All the well-known fossil groups are included, including microfossils and invertebrates, but an important feature is the thorough coverage of plants, vertebrates and trace fossils together with discussion of the origins of both life and the metazoans. All key related subjects are introduced, such as systematics, ecology, evolution and development, stratigraphy and their roles in understanding where life came from and how it evolved and diversified. Unique features of the book are the numerous case studies from current research that lead students to the primary literature, analytical and mathematical explanations and tools, together with associated problem sets and practical schedules for instructors and students. New to this edition The text and figures have been updated throughout to reflect current opinion on all aspects New case studies illustrate the chapters, drawn from a broad distribution internationally Chapters on Macroevolution, Form and Function, Mass extinctions, Origin of Life, and Origin of Metazoans have been entirely rewritten to reflect substantial advances in these topics There is a new focus on careers in paleobiology

Author : Przemyslaw Gorzelak
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 110889898X
Total Pages : 66 pages
Book Rating : 4.80/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Functional Micromorphology of the Echinoderm Skeleton written by Przemyslaw Gorzelak and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2021-02-11 with total page 66 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Echinoderms elaborate a calcite skeleton composed of numerous plates with a distinct microstructure (stereom) that can be modelled into different shapes thanks to the use of a transient amorphous calcium carbonate (ACC) precursor phase and the incorporation of an intraorganic matrix during biomineralization. A variety of different types of stereom microarchitecture have been distinguished, each of them optimized for a specific function. For instance, a regular, galleried stereom typically houses collagenous ligaments, whereas an irregular, fine labyrinthic stereom commonly bears muscles. Epithelial tissues, in turn, are usually associated with coarse and dense stereom microfabrics. Stereom can be preserved in fossil echinoderms and a wide array of investigating methods are available. As many case studies have shown, a great deal of important paleobiological and paleoecological information can be decoded by studying the stereom microstructure of extinct echinoderms.

Author : Michel Jangoux
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 9789058093011
Total Pages : 366 pages
Book Rating : 4.18/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Echinoderm studies 6 (2001) written by Michel Jangoux and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2001-06-01 with total page 366 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study is part of a series dedicated to the publication of reviews by experts of important topics in all areas of echinoderm studies, from molecular biology to ecology, palaeontology, biology and taxonomy. It addresses a range of topics in depth. The reviews seek to provide access to the field and to give direction to further study and research.