Domestic Human Trafficking Legislation In The 113th Congress

Author : Congressional Research Congressional Research Service
Publisher : CreateSpace
ISBN 13 : 9781502998057
Total Pages : 28 pages
Book Rating : 4.5X/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Domestic Human Trafficking Legislation in the 113th Congress written by Congressional Research Congressional Research Service and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2014-10-31 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Legislation aimed at preventing trafficking in persons (TIP) is unambiguously part of the legislative agenda of the 113th Congress. TIP is believed to be one of the most prolific areas of contemporary criminal activity and is of significant interest to the United States as a serious human rights concern. TIP is both an international and domestic crime that involves violations of labor, public health, and human rights standards, as well as criminal law. The Trafficking Victims Protection Act (TVPA) is the primary law that addresses human trafficking. Domestically, anti- TIP efforts provided under the TVPA include protection for victims, the investigation and prosecution of trafficking offenses, and education of the public. Congress reauthorized the TVPA in March 2013 (Trafficking Victims Protection Reauthorization Act; Title XII of P.L. 113-4). While this report covers P.L. 113-4, a more complete treatment of that bill can be found in CRS Report RL34317, Trafficking in Persons: U.S. Policy and Issues for Congress. This report discusses TIP issues that have received legislative action or are of significant congressional interest in the 113th Congress.

Author : Alison Siskin
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781463539740
Total Pages : 62 pages
Book Rating : 4.46/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Trafficking in Persons written by Alison Siskin and published by . This book was released on 2010-12-23 with total page 62 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Trafficking in persons (TIP) for the purposes of exploitation is believed to be one of the most prolific areas of international criminal activity and is of significant concern to the United States and the international community. According to Department of State estimates, roughly 800,000 people are trafficked across borders each year. If trafficking within countries is included in the total world figures, official U.S. estimates indicate that some 2 to 4 million people are trafficked annually. As many as 17,500 people are believed to be trafficked into the United States each year and some have estimated that 100,000 U.S. citizen (USC) children are victims of trafficking within the United States.. Since enactment of the Victims of Trafficking and Violence Protection Act of 2000 (TVPA, P.L. 106-386), the Administration and Congress have aimed to address TIP by authorizing new programs and reauthorizing existing ones, appropriating funds, creating new criminal laws, and conducting oversight on the effectiveness and implications of U.S. anti-TIP policy. Most recently, the TVPA was reauthorized through FY2011 in the William Wilberforce Trafficking Victims Protection Reauthorization Act of 2008 (P.L. 110-457). Obligations for global and domestic anti- TIP programs, not including operations and law enforcement investigations, totaled approximately $103.5 million in FY2009. Activity on combating TIP may continue into the 112th Congress, particularly related to efforts to reauthorize the TVPA. Ongoing international policy issues include how to measure the effectiveness of the U.S. and international responses to TIP, including the State Department's annual TIP rankings and the use of unilateral sanctions; and how to prevent known sex offenders from engaging in child sex tourism. Domestic issues that may arise include whether there is equal treatment of all victims-both foreign nationals and U.S. citizens, as well as victims of labor and sex trafficking; and whether current law and services are adequate to deal with the emerging issue of domestic minor sex trafficking (i.e., the prostitution of children in the United States). Other issues are whether to include all forms of prostitution (i.e., children and adults) in the definition of TIP, and whether sufficient efforts are applied to addressing all forms of TIP, including not only sexual exploitation, but also forced labor and child soldiers. On June 14, 2010, the State Department issued its 10th annual, congressionally mandated report on human trafficking. In addition to outlining major trends and ongoing challenges in combating TIP, the report provides a country-by country analysis and ranking, based on what progress foreign countries have made in their efforts to prosecute traffickers, protect victims, and prevent TIP. For the first time, the United States was included as one of the ranked countries. The report categorizes countries into four tiers according to the government's efforts to combat trafficking. Those countries that do not cooperate in the fight against trafficking (Tier 3) may be subject to U.S. foreign assistance sanctions. On September 13, 2010, President Barack Obama determined that two Tier 3 countries will be sanctioned for FY2011 without exemption (Eritrea and North Korea). In addition, he determined that four Tier 3 countries will be partially sanctioned (Burma, Cuba, Iran, and Zimbabwe). The 2010 TIP report also included for the first time, a list of six countries that recruit, use, or harbor child soldiers. Inclusion on this list subjects these countries to possible U.S. assistance sanctions.

Author : United States. Congress
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 1084 pages
Book Rating : 4.15/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Congressional Record written by United States. Congress and published by . This book was released on 1919 with total page 1084 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Author : Jamille Bigio
Publisher : Council on Foreign Relations Press
ISBN 13 : 9780876095027
Total Pages : 80 pages
Book Rating : 4.23/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Ending Human Trafficking in the Twenty-First Century written by Jamille Bigio and published by Council on Foreign Relations Press. This book was released on 2021-06-10 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Human trafficking is more than a violation of human rights: it is also a threat to national security, economic growth, and sustainable development," warns a new Council Special Report, Ending Human Trafficking in the Twenty-First Century. However, the United States "lacks sufficient authorities and coordination across the federal government to address human trafficking adequately, instead treating this issue as ancillary to broader foreign policy concerns." "Critics who challenge the allocation of political and financial capital to combat human trafficking underestimate trafficking's role in bolstering abusive regimes and criminal, terrorist, and armed groups; weakening global supply chains; fueling corruption; and undermining good governance," write Council on Foreign Relations (CFR) Senior Fellows Jamille Bigio and Rachel B. Vogelstein. Trafficking generates $150 billion in illicit profits, and "an estimated twenty-five million people worldwide are victims-a number only growing in the face of vulnerabilities fueled by the COVID-19 pandemic." Despite efforts by multilateral institutions and governments around the world, the authors explain that "anti-trafficking efforts are undermined by insufficient authorities, weak enforcement, limited investment, and inadequate data." To address these gaps, the Joe Biden administration "should lead on the global stage . . . by strengthening institutional authorities and coordination, improving accountability, increasing resources, and expanding evidence and data," the authors contend. Specifically, it should "enact due diligence reforms to promote corporate accountability for forced labor in supply chains," including by expanding the U.S. National Action Plan to Combat Human Trafficking; "reform labor recruitment systems to combat the exploitation of migrant workers"; "increase trafficking prosecutions by scaling the successful U.S. anti-trafficking coordination team model, which includes law enforcement, labor officials, and social service providers"; "leverage technology against human trafficking; and increase investment to counter it"; and "enlist leaders in the private, security, and global development sectors to propose innovative and robust prevention and enforcement initiatives." Such efforts will advance U.S. economic and security interests by boosting GDP with improved productivity and human capital, and saving governments the direct costs of assisting survivors. By elevating the issue, Bigio and Vogelstein conclude, "human trafficking can be eradicated with a comprehensive and coordinated response."

Author : Robert J. Thayer
Publisher : Imlandis
ISBN 13 : 0997065451
Total Pages : 350 pages
Book Rating : 4.59/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Chronicles of the Kwedake Dikep written by Robert J. Thayer and published by Imlandis. This book was released on 2016-10-31 with total page 350 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Chronicles examine the possibilities of an addition, not an amendment, to the American Constitution for establishing a freedom that could not have existed before the 21st century. The six values of the Preamble are studied as a basis for a new Article because its 52 words held too much wisdom to be random entities of Creation. The Chronicles of The Spring on the Hill are a modern systems analysis of the U.S. Constitution on adding a "right." TL of 2014 looks at the domain [WB] operational set of a right and the very necessary Second Constitutional Convention for any human right.

Author : United States
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 1216 pages
Book Rating : 4.85/5 ( download)

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Download or read book United States Code written by United States and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 1216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Author : United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime
Publisher : Univ of California Press
ISBN 13 : 9789211337518
Total Pages : 262 pages
Book Rating : 4.18/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Toolkit to Combat Trafficking in Persons written by United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 2006 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime launched a toolkit to help Governments, policy-makers, law enforcement agencies and NGOs tackle human trafficking more effectively. It contains practical tools for police and other law enforcement officers such as a checklist to help identify trafficking victims as well guidance on interviewing victims and victim protection. The toolkit also outlines key aspects of a comprehensive response to human trafficking, such as the need to bring national legislation into line with international standards and strengthen international cooperation in criminal justice, including the extradition of criminals, seizure of assets and confiscation of the proceeds of crime.

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309286557
Total Pages : 479 pages
Book Rating : 4.58/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Confronting Commercial Sexual Exploitation and Sex Trafficking of Minors in the United States written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2013-12-12 with total page 479 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Every day in the United States, children and adolescents are victims of commercial sexual exploitation and sex trafficking. Despite the serious and long-term consequences for victims as well as their families, communities, and society, efforts to prevent, identify, and respond to these crimes are largely under supported, inefficient, uncoordinated, and unevaluated. Confronting Commercial Sexual Exploitation and Sex Trafficking of Minors in the United States examines commercial sexual exploitation and sex trafficking of U.S. citizens and lawful permanent residents of the United States under age 18. According to this report, efforts to prevent, identify, and respond to these crimes require better collaborative approaches that build upon the capabilities of people and entities from a range of sectors. In addition, such efforts need to confront demand and the individuals who commit and benefit from these crimes. The report recommends increased awareness and understanding, strengthening of the law's response, strengthening of research to advance understanding and to support the development of prevention and intervention strategies, support for multi-sector and interagency collaboration, and creation of a digital information-sharing platform. A nation that is unaware of these problems or disengaged from solutions unwittingly contributes to the ongoing abuse of minors. If acted upon in a coordinated and comprehensive manner, the recommendations of Confronting Commercial Sexual Exploitation and Sex Trafficking of Minors in the United States can help advance and strengthen the nation's emerging efforts to prevent, identify, and respond to commercial sexual exploitation and sex trafficking of minors in the United States.

Author : Alexandra Lutnick
Publisher : Columbia University Press
ISBN 13 : 0231540833
Total Pages : 198 pages
Book Rating : 4.34/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Domestic Minor Sex Trafficking written by Alexandra Lutnick and published by Columbia University Press. This book was released on 2016-01-12 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The domestic sex trafficking of minors is a problem of growing concern yet little critical attention. This book analyzes the forces behind the sex-trafficking industry in the United States and provides a much-needed reference for practitioners. It adopts a holistic approach, pursuing a nuanced exploration of these young people's experiences, their treatment, and outside efforts to combat sex trafficking. The book features interviews with service providers and experts, and incorporates recent research, thereby mapping the complex factors associated with young people's involvement in trading sex and the social connections that facilitate their behavior. It considers the experiences of both those who "choose" sex work and those who are forced into it by circumstances or third parties, and it discusses the networks of friends and close acquaintances who introduce newcomers to the trade. In addition, it takes a hard look at how local and federal responses to trafficking increase young people's vulnerability to trading sex. Urging policymakers and practitioners to move beyond the simple framework of "rescuing" victims and "punishing" villains, this book calls for policies and programs that focus on the failure of social and cultural systems and respond better to the young people caught in this web.

Author : Barry Leonard
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780756745165
Total Pages : 67 pages
Book Rating : 4.60/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Hidden Slaves written by Barry Leonard and published by . This book was released on 2004-12 with total page 67 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Forced labor is a serious & pervasive problem in the U.S. At any given time 10,000 or more people work as forced laborers in cities & towns across the country, & it is likely that the actual number is much higher, possibly tens of thousands. Because forced labor is hidden, inhumane, widespread, & criminal, sustained & coordinated efforts by U.S. law enforce., social service providers, & the general public are needed to expose & eradicate this illicit trade. This report documents the nature & scope of forced labor in the U.S. from Jan. 1998 to Dec. 2003. It is the first study to examine the numbers, demographic characteristics, & origins of victims & perpetrators of forced labor in the U.S. & the adequacy of the U.S. response to this growing problem. Illus.