Disastrous High Tech Decision Making

Author : Frederick F. Lighthall
Publisher : Dog Ear Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1457532972
Total Pages : 286 pages
Book Rating : 4.79/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Disastrous High-Tech Decision Making written by Frederick F. Lighthall and published by Dog Ear Publishing. This book was released on 2016-03-31 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Disastrous High-Tech Decision Making: From Disasters to Safety offers new insights for scholars studying management, decision making, cognition in the wild, and safety in the context of imperatives to continue operations. This book takes you inside the deliberations and action that have produced high-tech disasters in safetycritical enterprises. From primary data and analyses never before considered in scholarly assessments of the Challenger disaster, Frederick F. Lighthall, Professor Emeritus at The University of Chicago, applies the insights of macroergonomics, social psychology, naturalistic decision making, and legal argumentation to this expanded set of documents and data. He argues that the Challenger case represents a prototype of decision making that arises whenever a possibly threatening change in operating conditions becomes evident. In this situation, inevitable in boundarypushing enterprises, four generic decision-making pitfalls await engineers and managers who must decide whether continuing to operate is safe or dangerous. These four decision-making vulnerabilities are also evident, Lighthall argues, in the decision situations of other high-tech disasters both similar (the Columbia shuttle) and dissimilar (Deepwater Horizon oil spill disaster). In Part I of the book Lighthall traces decision participants’ chart-by-chart deliberations and argument about whether proceeding with the Challenger’s launch would be dangerous. Part II analyzes from contrasting perspectives the dynamics revealed in the narrative. Lighthall’s analysis ends by examining the demanding changes in outlook, knowledge disciplines, and learning processes required for safety to compete with the production imperatives of high-tech enterprises operating in unforgiving environments. This book is a must read both for students of management and of engineering who may find themselves working in these high-tech settings, and for managers and engineers who now work in these settings.

Author : Virginia Eubanks
Publisher : St. Martin's Press
ISBN 13 : 1466885963
Total Pages : 288 pages
Book Rating : 4.67/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Automating Inequality written by Virginia Eubanks and published by St. Martin's Press. This book was released on 2018-01-23 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: WINNER: The 2018 McGannon Center Book Prize and shortlisted for the Goddard Riverside Stephan Russo Book Prize for Social Justice The New York Times Book Review: "Riveting." Naomi Klein: "This book is downright scary." Ethan Zuckerman, MIT: "Should be required reading." Dorothy Roberts, author of Killing the Black Body: "A must-read." Astra Taylor, author of The People's Platform: "The single most important book about technology you will read this year." Cory Doctorow: "Indispensable." A powerful investigative look at data-based discrimination—and how technology affects civil and human rights and economic equity The State of Indiana denies one million applications for healthcare, foodstamps and cash benefits in three years—because a new computer system interprets any mistake as “failure to cooperate.” In Los Angeles, an algorithm calculates the comparative vulnerability of tens of thousands of homeless people in order to prioritize them for an inadequate pool of housing resources. In Pittsburgh, a child welfare agency uses a statistical model to try to predict which children might be future victims of abuse or neglect. Since the dawn of the digital age, decision-making in finance, employment, politics, health and human services has undergone revolutionary change. Today, automated systems—rather than humans—control which neighborhoods get policed, which families attain needed resources, and who is investigated for fraud. While we all live under this new regime of data, the most invasive and punitive systems are aimed at the poor. In Automating Inequality, Virginia Eubanks systematically investigates the impacts of data mining, policy algorithms, and predictive risk models on poor and working-class people in America. The book is full of heart-wrenching and eye-opening stories, from a woman in Indiana whose benefits are literally cut off as she lays dying to a family in Pennsylvania in daily fear of losing their daughter because they fit a certain statistical profile. The U.S. has always used its most cutting-edge science and technology to contain, investigate, discipline and punish the destitute. Like the county poorhouse and scientific charity before them, digital tracking and automated decision-making hide poverty from the middle-class public and give the nation the ethical distance it needs to make inhumane choices: which families get food and which starve, who has housing and who remains homeless, and which families are broken up by the state. In the process, they weaken democracy and betray our most cherished national values. This deeply researched and passionate book could not be more timely.

Author : Yuko Murayama
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030489396
Total Pages : 249 pages
Book Rating : 4.97/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Information Technology in Disaster Risk Reduction written by Yuko Murayama and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-06-04 with total page 249 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume constitutes the refereed and revised post-conference proceedings of the 4th IFIP TC 5 DCITDRR International Conference on Information Technology in Disaster Risk Reduction, ITDRR 2019, in Kyiv, Ukraine, in October 2019. The 17 full papers and 2 short papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 53 submissions. The papers focus on various aspects and challenges of coping with disaster risk reduction. The main topics include areas such as natural disasters, big data, cloud computing, Internet of Things, mobile computing, emergency management, disaster information processing, and disaster risk assessment and management.

Author : Philip E. Auerswald
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1139458531
Total Pages : 507 pages
Book Rating : 4.35/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Seeds of Disaster, Roots of Response written by Philip E. Auerswald and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2006-09-18 with total page 507 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the wake of 9/11 and hurricane Katrina, executives and policymakers are increasingly motivated to reduce the vulnerability of social and economic systems to disasters. Most prior work on 'critical infrastructure protection' has focused on the responsibilities and actions of government rather than on those of the private sector firms that provide most vital services. Seeds of Disaster, Roots of Response is the first systematic attempt to understand how private decisions and operations affect public vulnerability. It describes effective and sustainable approaches - both business strategies and public policies - to ensure provision of critical services in the event of disaster. The authors are business leaders from multiple industries and are experts in risk analysis, economics, engineering, organization theory and public policy. The book shows the necessity of deeply rooted collaboration between private and public institutions, and the accountability and leadership required to progress from words to action.

Author : Miwao Matsumoto
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 1315386178
Total Pages : 293 pages
Book Rating : 4.71/5 ( download)

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Download or read book The Sociology of Structural Disaster written by Miwao Matsumoto and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2021-03-29 with total page 293 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How and why did credible scientists, engineers, government officials, journalists, and others collectively give rise to a drastic failure to control the threat to the population of the Fukushima disaster? Why was there no effort on the part of inter-organizational networks, well-coordinated in the nuclear village, to prevent the risks from turning into a disaster? This book answers these questions by formulating the concept of "structural disaster" afresh. First, the book presents the path-dependent development of structural disaster through a sociological reformulation of path-dependent mechanisms not only in the context of nuclear energy but also in the context of renewable energy. Secondly, it traces the origins of structural disaster to a secret accident involving standardized military technology immediately before World War II, and opportunistic utilization of the Great Kanto Earthquake of 1923, thus reconstructing the development of structural disaster within a long-term historical perspective. Maintaining distance from conflicts of interest and cultural essentialisms, this book highlights configurations and mechanisms of structural disasters that are far more persistent, more universal, but less visible, and that have turned risk into suffering. The book seeks to cast light on an important new horizon of the science-technology-society interface in the sociology of science and technology, science and technology studies, the sociology of disaster, the social history of the military-industrial-university complex, and beyond.

Author : Wen-Pei Sung
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1315739917
Total Pages : 1030 pages
Book Rating : 4.15/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Environment, Energy and Applied Technology written by Wen-Pei Sung and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2015-01-29 with total page 1030 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This proceedings volume brings together selected peer-reviewed papers presented at the 2014 International Conference on Frontier of Energy and Environment Engineering. Topics covered include energy efficiency and energy management, energy exploration and exploitation, power generation technologies, water pollution and protection, air pollution and

Author : Chongfu Huang
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 0203771478
Total Pages : 965 pages
Book Rating : 4.71/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Intelligent Systems and Decision Making for Risk Analysis and Crisis Response written by Chongfu Huang and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2013-07-25 with total page 965 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this present internet age, risk analysis and crisis response based on information will make up a digital world full of possibilities and improvements to people‘s daily life and capabilities. These services will be supported by more intelligent systems and more effective decisionmaking. This book contains all the papers presented at the 4th Inter

Author : Anthony J. Spurgin
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1498721230
Total Pages : 191 pages
Book Rating : 4.33/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Decision-Making in High Risk Organizations Under Stress Conditions written by Anthony J. Spurgin and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-08-19 with total page 191 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book discusses management decision-making under accident conditions as a vehicle to confirm the importance of clear decision-making guided by a systems approach on how an organization functions related to the role of managers, operators, and the operation of the plant. The book shows how to effectively assess the reliability of an organization particularly those organizations responsible for critical infrastructure. The authors have used Stafford Beer’s cybernetic model as a basis to model the behavior and reliability of such organizations. A series of case studies are used to draw conclusions not only how training, experience, and education can improve the strategy and response of management to reduce the probability of an economic or social disaster, but also draw attention to the fact that managers need to be made aware of the consequences of their decisions. Poor management decisions made under stress conditions can lead to the collapse of an organization together with its underlying business, possibly linked to a social disaster with loss of life. Some technology-ignorant management decisions even under non-stress conditions can lead to dangerous situations, which can increase the economic burden placed on an organization. This book describes such situations in order to promote improvement in organizational preparedness by training, experience, and education to reduce safety and economic risks. This book offers: • Case studies of accidents that have affected different HROs (high-risk organizations) and others, due to poor decision-making by management • Training methods (advocated by Admiral Hyman Rickover, adopted by military bodies and others) to prepare staff to make critical decisions under difficult conditions and examine their applicability to training managers of high-risk facilities • Documentation on how making decisions in difficult situations have psychological constraints related to the degree of preparedness and the tools available to aid the decision maker(s) • Studies on the key actions taken before, during, and after accidents and how these management decisions can affect accident propagation, and how one could improve management decision-making by the use of training in decision-making and an understanding of Ross Ashby’s Law of Requisite Variety. • Simulation techniques to improve training of front-line operators and management • Consideration of cost and investment evaluations and how they can distort the selection of tactics and measures that ensure successful operations and avoidance of accidents

Author : Rajib Shaw
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0128127120
Total Pages : 524 pages
Book Rating : 4.24/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Science and Technology in Disaster Risk Reduction in Asia written by Rajib Shaw and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2017-10-13 with total page 524 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Science and Technology in Disaster Risk Reduction in Asia: Potentials and Challenges provides both a local and global perspective on how to implement the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction. Topics demonstrate the advancement of scientific research as it applies to early warning systems, including identifying risk and the strengthening of infrastructure for different types of hazards. Through different major disasters, it has become evident that there must be a balance between hard and soft technology and physical, process and social solutions. This book demonstrates how this has been successfully implemented in Asia, and how these applications can apply on a global basis. Covers new research on the role of science in Disaster Risk Reduction and lessons learned when research has been applied Utilizes case studies to outline the broader lessons learned Focuses on the Sendai Framework, which was adopted in the Third UN World Conference in 2015

Author : Yu Chen
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 104000945X
Total Pages : 563 pages
Book Rating : 4.51/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Advances in Measurement Technology and Disaster Prevention written by Yu Chen and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2024-03-06 with total page 563 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advances in Measurement Technology and Disaster Prevention focuses on research of measurement technology and the development of disaster prevention and mitigation. The topics include: Measurement in Civil Engineering Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Hydraulic Engineering and Surveying Applications Protection Engineering The book will be of interest to professionals and academics in the above-mentioned areas.