Determining Discriminating Concentrations Of Insecticides For Monitoring Resistance In Sand Flies

Author : World Health Organization
Publisher : World Health Organization
ISBN 13 : 9240064419
Total Pages : 62 pages
Book Rating : 4.16/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Determining discriminating concentrations of insecticides for monitoring resistance in sand flies written by World Health Organization and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2023-01-10 with total page 62 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The document presents outcome of a WHO multi-centre study (2020–2022) performed by eight laboratories in different WHO regions and the WHO expert consultations that made recommendations to WHO on insecticide discriminating concentrations (DCs) for monitoring resistance in sand fly vectors of leishmaniases. It describes use of the WHO bottle bioassay as a new method for testing susceptibility of sand flies to insecticides that are not suitable for impregnation on filter papers and makes recommendations to WHO on monitoring of insecticide resistance in field populations of sand flies. It also proposes further research to test the new DCs for sand flies in other settings and conditions and to collect evidence from the national disease control programmes and share them with WHO for further assessment and revision of the DCs if required. The current edition of the WHO manual for monitoring insecticide resistance in mosquito vectors and selecting appropriate interventions will be revised using the recommendations made to WHO including for the new DCs for sand flies. The report will be useful to the national vector-borne disease control programmes and the research community for resistance monitoring, and to academia, the pesticide regulatory agencies and the pesticide industry for further innovation in this area and to address the research questions. Please send your suggestions and comments to [email protected] indicating the title of the report and the relevant section and page.

Author : World Health Organization
Publisher : World Health Organization
ISBN 13 : 9240074600
Total Pages : 32 pages
Book Rating : 4.06/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Standard operating procedure for testing the susceptibility of adult sand flies to insecticides in WHO bottle bioassays written by World Health Organization and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2023-07-11 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This document contains the standard operating procedure (SOP) for evaluating the susceptibility of adult sand fly vectors (Phlebotomus spp. and Lutzomyia longipalpis) to insecticides in WHO bottle bioassays. Some species of sand flies are vectors of leishmaniases. The SOP includes instructions on preparing materials, exposing sand flies, and recording and interpreting test results. This procedure should be followed to test the susceptibility of sand flies to insecticides that are unstable and/or cannot be impregnated on usual Whatman No. 1 filter papers. This SOP will fulfil the long-awaited need of vector-borne disease control programmes in health ministries in countries endemic for or at risk of visceral and cutaneous leishmaniasis, researchers and the pesticide industry to monitor insecticide resistance in wild populations of sand fly vectors. It can be adapted to determine discriminating concentrations of new insecticide compounds with susceptible strains of sand fly vectors in laboratories.

Author :
Publisher : World Health Organization
ISBN 13 : 9240045201
Total Pages : 109 pages
Book Rating : 4.00/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Determining discriminating concentrations of insecticides for monitoring resistance in mosquitoes written by and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2021-05-21 with total page 109 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The document provides an up-to-date recommendations made to WHO by the experts of WHO consultations on discriminating concentrations of insecticides for monitoring resistance in adult mosquito vectors. It is an outcome of a WHO multi-centre study (2017–2021) performed by 23 laboratories in different regions and the WHO expert consultations that made recommendations to WHO on insecticide discriminating concentrations for monitoring resistance in Anopheles and Aedes spp. The document describes a new WHO bottle bioassay method for testing susceptibility of mosquitoes to insecticides that are not suitable for impregnation on filter papers and makes recommendations for future scientific research on development of methods and procedures for testing resistance against insecticides with new, novel or distinct modes of action. Making use of the recommendations made to WHO by the experts, WHO will soon update current WHO test methods and procedures and publish standard operating procedures for testing insecticide resistance in mosquitoes, which in turn will be useful to the national vector-borne disease control programmes, in particular the entomological surveillance units, and the research community for monitoring insecticide resistance in field populations of mosquito vectors of disease. The document will also be useful to academia, the pesticide regulatory agencies and the pesticide industry for further innovation in this area and to address the research questions.

Author : World Health Organization
Publisher : World Health Organization
ISBN 13 : 9240074627
Total Pages : 26 pages
Book Rating : 4.20/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Standard operating procedure for testing the susceptibility of adult sand flies to insecticides in WHO tube tests written by World Health Organization and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2023-07-04 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This document contains the standard operating procedure (SOP) for evaluating the susceptibility of adult sand fly vectors (Phlebotomus spp. and Lutzomyia longipalpis) to insecticides with the WHO tube test. Some species of sand flies are vectors of leishmaniases. The SOP includes instructions on preparing materials, exposing sand flies, and recording and interpreting test results. This procedure should be followed to test the susceptibility of sand flies to insecticides that can be impregnated onto filter papers. This SOP will fulfil the long-awaited need of vector-borne disease control programmes in health ministries in countries endemic for or at risk of visceral and cutaneous leishmaniasis, researchers and the pesticide industry to monitor insecticide resistance in wild populations of sand fly vectors. It can be adapted to determine discriminating concentrations of new insecticide compounds with susceptible strains of sand fly vectors in laboratories.

Author : World Health Organization
Publisher : World Health Organization
ISBN 13 : 9240078975
Total Pages : 56 pages
Book Rating : 4.70/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Discriminating concentrations of insecticides for monitoring resistance in Culex quinquefasciatus and Culex tarsalis written by World Health Organization and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2023-11-14 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Author : World Health Organization
Publisher : World Health Organization
ISBN 13 : 9240060340
Total Pages : 119 pages
Book Rating : 4.40/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Operational manual on leishmaniasis vector control, surveillance, monitoring and evaluation written by World Health Organization and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2023-01-18 with total page 119 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Author : World Health Organization
Publisher : World Health Organization
ISBN 13 : 924007614X
Total Pages : 298 pages
Book Rating : 4.43/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Public health pesticide management: a course module written by World Health Organization and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2023-11-22 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The course module provides the students with the knowledge and skills for developing and implementing effective strategies to control disease vectors and domestic pests (e.g. integrated vector management), with emphasis on improved management of public health pesticides throughout their life cycle. Alternative methods and strategies for pest and vector control, their cost-effectiveness and their sustainability are discussed. Students will also examine the WHO strategies, policies and guidelines for using pesticides in public health. This course was first developed in 2012 by the World Health Organization (WHO) in collaboration with the University of Cape Town (South Africa) and was revised in 2015. The current version incorporates major revisions and updates of the course material.

Author : Institute of Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309168309
Total Pages : 333 pages
Book Rating : 4.04/5 ( download)

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Download or read book The Resistance Phenomenon in Microbes and Infectious Disease Vectors written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2003-03-26 with total page 333 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The resistance topic is timely given current events. The emergence of mysterious new diseases, such as SARS, and the looming threat of bioterrorist attacks remind us of how vulnerable we can be to infectious agents. With advances in medical technologies, we have tamed many former microbial foes, yet with few new antimicrobial agents and vaccines in the pipeline, and rapidly increasing drug resistance among infectious microbes, we teeter on the brink of loosing the upperhand in our ongoing struggle against these foes, old and new. The Resistance Phenomenon in Microbes and Infectious Disease Vectors examines our understanding of the relationships among microbes, disease vectors, and human hosts, and explores possible new strategies for meeting the challenge of resistance.

Author : Farhat Afrin
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN 13 : 1789841011
Total Pages : 234 pages
Book Rating : 4.15/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Leishmaniases as Re-emerging Diseases written by Farhat Afrin and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2018-10-10 with total page 234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Leishmania parasites plague the mammalian host causing high morbidity and mortality. The parasites persist in the hostile milieu, crippling its defensive arsenal. In the face of mounting resistance to an antiquated drug arsenal, new approaches are urgently desired to keep the infection at bay. Furthermore, to strengthen the leishmaniasis elimination drive, particular emphasis has to be laid on identification of new targets and vaccination strategies. This book gives a brief glimpse of the epidemiology of leishmaniasis, immune evasion, vaccination, and therapeutic modalities that may work by untangling the immunological cross-wires of pathogenic cross-talk. The Conventional treatment and its drawbacks, the prospects of phytotherapy and nanomedicines, are also discussed. The identification of drug targets with the aim of designing inhibitors is also exemplified.

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 1922 pages
Book Rating : 4.28/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Bibliography of Agriculture written by and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 1922 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: