Crystals As Giant Molecules

Author : A. Julg
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3642930999
Total Pages : 143 pages
Book Rating : 4.97/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Crystals as Giant Molecules written by A. Julg and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 143 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Traditionally, when one deals with crystals, the first property to be presented is the periodicity of the lattice, and all methods of study are based on this characteristic, which is considered essential. In fact, crystals differ from the molecules of finite size that are studied in chemistry, only in their extremely large number of particles. Furthermore, the existence of faces, which limit the spread of crystals in space, necessarily breaks the periodicity of the system. For these reasons it is natural to apply to crystals the concepts and methods that have been widely tested in the study of molecules. Pauling first emphasized this point 1 and used it to explain the electronic structure of crystals, thought to be infinite and perfect. The aim of this work is to show, with the help of a few examples, the possibilities offered by quantum chemistry for tackling the problems of crystal electronic structure, of crystallographic arrangements as well as their macroscopic shape, and of distortion effects caused by the presence of faces. The area related to the existence of energy bands (allowed or forbidden), gap, electric, magnetic or optical properties will not be touched upon.

Author : A. I?U. Grosberg
Publisher : World Scientific
ISBN 13 : 9812839224
Total Pages : 347 pages
Book Rating : 4.20/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Giant Molecules written by A. I?U. Grosberg and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2011 with total page 347 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ?? Giant molecules are important in our everyday life. But, as pointed out by the authors, they are also associated with a culture. What Bach did with the harpsichord, Kuhn and Flory did with polymers. We owe a lot of thanks to those who now make this music accessible ??Pierre-Gilles de GennesNobel Prize laureate in Physics(Foreword for the 1st Edition, March 1996)This book describes the basic facts, concepts and ideas of polymer physics in simple, yet scientifically accurate, terms. In both scientific and historic contexts, the book shows how the subject of polymers is fascinating, as it is behind most of the wonders of living cell machinery as well as most of the newly developed materials. No mathematics is used in the book beyond modest high school algebra and a bit of freshman calculus, yet very sophisticated concepts are introduced and explained, ranging from scaling and reptations to protein folding and evolution. The new edition includes an extended section on polymer preparation methods, discusses knots formed by molecular filaments, and presents new and updated materials on such contemporary topics as single molecule experiments with DNA or polymer properties of proteins and their roles in biological evolution.

Author : A Kitaigorodsky
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0323145655
Total Pages : 571 pages
Book Rating : 4.57/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Molecular crystals and Molecules written by A Kitaigorodsky and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 571 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Molecular Crystals and Molecules deals with some of the problems of molecular crystallography and certain aspects of molecular structure. This book is composed of eight chapters that specifically cover the significant progress of conformational research. The opening chapter describes the structure of crystals considering the close-packing principle, disorder elements, and binary systems. The next two chapters examine the calculation of crystal lattice energy and dynamics. These topics are followed by discussions on the molecular movement, structural, and thermodynamic aspects of crystals. The final chapters look into the parameters for conformational calculations of molecules, macromolecules, and biopolymers. This book will be of great value to physical chemists and researchers who are interested in crystal and molecular structure.

Author : Michael O'Keeffe
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0323141471
Total Pages : 346 pages
Book Rating : 4.75/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Structure and Bonding in crystals written by Michael O'Keeffe and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 346 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Structure and Bonding in Crystals presents a new understanding of the older topics such as bond length, bond strength, and ionic radii. These concepts have been used by geochemists and geophysicists to systematize and predict phase transitions at high pressure. The final group of chapters deals with the problems of classifying complex solids and with systematic descriptions of the relationships between their structures. This book comprises 13 chapters, with the first presenting a historical perspective by Linus Pauling. The following chapters then go on to discuss quantum theory and crystal chemistry; pseudopotentials and crystal structure; quantum-defect orbital radii and the structural chemistry of simple solids; and a pseudopotential viewpoint of the electronic and structural properties of crystals. Other chapters cover elementary quantitative theory of chemical bonding; the role and significance of empirical and semiempirical correlations; theoretical probes of bonding in the disiloxy group; a comparison of experimental and theoretical bond length and angle variations; the role of nonbonded forces in crystals; molecules within infinite solids; charge density distributions; and some aspects of the ionic model of crystals. This book will be of interest to practitioners in the fields of chemistry, physics, and geology.

Author : Zvonimir B. Maksic
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3642581838
Total Pages : 462 pages
Book Rating : 4.30/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Theoretical Treatment of Large Molecules and Their Interactions written by Zvonimir B. Maksic and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-07 with total page 462 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The French chemist Marcelin Berthelot put forward a classical and by now an often cited sentence revealing the quintessence of the chemical science: "La Chimie cree son objet". This is certainly true because the largest number of molecular compounds were and are continuously synthesized by chemists themselves. However, modern computational quantum chemistry has reached a state of maturity that one can safely say: "La Chimie Theorique cree son objet" as well. Indeed, modern theoretical chemistry is able today to provide reliable results on elusive systems such as short living species, reactive intermediates and molecules which will perhaps never be synthesized because of one or another type of instability. It is capable of yielding precious information on the nature of the transition states, reaction paths etc. Additionally, computational chemistry gives some details of the electronic and geometric structure of molecules which remain hidden in experimental examinations. Hence, it follows that powerful numerical techniques have substantially enlarged the domain of classical chemistry. On the other hand, interpretive quantum chemistry has provided a conceptual framework which enabled rationalization and understanding of the precise data offered either by experiment or theory. It is modelling which gives a penetrating insight into the chemical phenomena and provides order in raw experimental results which would otherwise represent just a large catalogue of unrelated facts.

Author : Charles E. Carraher, Jr.
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 0471457213
Total Pages : 483 pages
Book Rating : 4.13/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Giant Molecules written by Charles E. Carraher, Jr. and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2003-08-19 with total page 483 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Second Edition of Giant Molecules presents an introductory textbook on large molecules that exhibit specific physical and biological properties related to their size, orientation, and environment, making this subject accessible to students from high school to universities. Written by Charles Carraher, author of more than forty books on the subject, this up-to-date guide presents material in an integrated fashion, marrying fundamentals with illustrative applications. The text assumes no previous formal scientific training, and includes new and updated questions and answers, a glossary of relevant terms, bibliographies, visual aids, and related Web links in every chapter. Giant Molecules, Second Edition will appeal to individuals who have a personal or professional interest in polymers, as well as to college chemistry and materials science students who study polymers.

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9814468606
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.02/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Giant Molecules written by and published by . This book was released on with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Author : Finizia Auriemma
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319492039
Total Pages : 292 pages
Book Rating : 4.32/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Polymer Crystallization I written by Finizia Auriemma and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-12-21 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The series Advances in Polymer Science presents critical reviews of the present and future trends in polymer and biopolymer science. It covers all areas of research in polymer and biopolymer science including chemistry, physical chemistry, physics, material science. The thematic volumes are addressed to scientists, whether at universities or in industry, who wish to keep abreast of the important advances in the covered topics. Advances in Polymer Science enjoys a longstanding tradition and good reputation in its community. Each volume is dedicated to a current topic, and each review critically surveys one aspect of that topic, to place it within the context of the volume. The volumes typically summarize the significant developments of the last 5 to 10 years and discuss them critically, presenting selected examples, explaining and illustrating the important principles, and bringing together many important references of primary literature. On that basis, future research directions in the area can be discussed. Advances in Polymer Science volumes thus are important references for every polymer scientist, as well as for other scientists interested in polymer science - as an introduction to a neighboring field, or as a compilation of detailed information for the specialist. Review articles for the individual volumes are invited by the volume editors. Single contributions can be specially commissioned. Readership: Polymer scientists, or scientists in related fields interested in polymer and biopolymer science, at universities or in industry, graduate students

Author : Jeffrey Huw Williams
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781681746272
Total Pages : 128 pages
Book Rating : 4.71/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Crystal Engineering written by Jeffrey Huw Williams and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There are more than 20 million chemicals in the literature, with new materials being synthesized each week. Most of these molecules are stable, and the 3-dimensional arrangement of the atoms in the molecules, in the various solids may be determined by routine x-ray crystallography. When this is done, it is found that this vast range of molecules, with varying sizes and shapes can be accommodated by only a handful of solid structures. This limited number of architectures for the packing of molecules of all shapes and sizes, to maximize attractive intermolecular forces and minimizing repulsive intermolecular forces, allows us to develop simple models of what holds the molecules together in the solid. In this volume we look at the origin of the molecular architecture of crystals; a topic that is becoming increasingly important and is often termed, crystal engineering. Such studies are a means of predicting crystal structures, and of designing crystals with particular properties by manipulating the structure and interaction of large molecules. That is, creating new crystal architectures with desired physical characteristics in which the molecules pack together in particular architectures; a subject of particular interest to the pharmaceutical industry.

Author : Jeffrey H Williams
Publisher : Morgan & Claypool Publishers
ISBN 13 : 1681746263
Total Pages : 195 pages
Book Rating : 4.65/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Crystal Engineering written by Jeffrey H Williams and published by Morgan & Claypool Publishers. This book was released on 2017-09-28 with total page 195 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There are more than 20 million chemicals in the literature, with new materials being synthesized each week. Most of these molecules are stable, and the 3-dimensional arrangement of the atoms in the molecules, in the various solids may be determined by routine x-ray crystallography. When this is done, it is found that this vast range of molecules, with varying sizes and shapes can be accommodated by only a handful of solid structures. This limited number of architectures for the packing of molecules of all shapes and sizes, to maximize attractive intermolecular forces and minimizing repulsive intermolecular forces, allows us to develop simple models of what holds the molecules together in the solid. In this volume we look at the origin of the molecular architecture of crystals; a topic that is becoming increasingly important and is often termed, crystal engineering. Such studies are a means of predicting crystal structures, and of designing crystals with particular properties by manipulating the structure and interaction of large molecules. That is, creating new crystal architectures with desired physical characteristics in which the molecules pack together in particular architectures; a subject of particular interest to the pharmaceutical industry.