Cost Benefit Analysis Of Cosolvent Flushing To Treat Groundwater Contamination Source Areas

Author : Stacey L. Anason
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781423545958
Total Pages : 138 pages
Book Rating : 4.58/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Cost-Benefit Analysis of Cosolvent Flushing to Treat Groundwater Contamination Source Areas written by Stacey L. Anason and published by . This book was released on 1999-03-01 with total page 138 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dense non-aqueous phase liquids (DNAPLs) in the zone beneath the water table can be a virtually permanent source of groundwater contamination that cannot be remediated by currently available technologies. Cosolvent flushing is a new technology that has the potential to remediate these sites and could pose a solution to the problem of DNAPL source areas. A computer model was developed to determine the cost and time to remediate an aquifer using cosolvent flushing. Included in the model is a module to calculate the costs of recycling the alcohol that is used as the cosolvent. The model was validated using site conditions to a prior study. It was determined that recycling the cosolvent allows cosolvent flushing to be a cost effective alternative to surfactant flushing, another new technology being considered for DNAPL source remediation. Sensitivity analysis of the model was conducted by varying the saturation percentage of contaminant, percentage and type of alcohol used in the cosolvent mixture, site hydraulic conductivity, and the contaminant. Five alcohols were modeled: methanol, ethanol, 1-isopropanol, 2-isopropanol, and tert-butyl-alcohol (TBA). 1-Isopropanol, 2-isopropanol, and TBA were always more expensive than methanol and ethanol.

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 030909447X
Total Pages : 371 pages
Book Rating : 4.74/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Contaminants in the Subsurface written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2005-04-23 with total page 371 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: At hundreds of thousands of commercial, industrial, and military sites across the country, subsurface materials including groundwater are contaminated with chemical waste. The last decade has seen growing interest in using aggressive source remediation technologies to remove contaminants from the subsurface, but there is limited understanding of (1) the effectiveness of these technologies and (2) the overall effect of mass removal on groundwater quality. This report reviews the suite of technologies available for source remediation and their ability to reach a variety of cleanup goals, from meeting regulatory standards for groundwater to reducing costs. The report proposes elements of a protocol for accomplishing source remediation that should enable project managers to decide whether and how to pursue source remediation at their sites.

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 118 pages
Book Rating : 4.74/5 ( download)

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Download or read book A Guide for Cost-effectiveness and Cost-benefit Analysis of State and Local Ground Water Protection Programs written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 118 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Author : Bernard H. Kueper
Publisher : Springer Science & Business
ISBN 13 : 1461469228
Total Pages : 759 pages
Book Rating : 4.23/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Chlorinated Solvent Source Zone Remediation written by Bernard H. Kueper and published by Springer Science & Business. This book was released on 2014-04-22 with total page 759 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this book is to help engineers and scientists better understand dense nonaqueous phase liquid (DNAPL) contamination of groundwater and the methods and technology used for characterization and remediation. Remediation of DNAPL source zones is very difficult and controversial and must be based on state-of-the-art knowledge of the behavior (transport and fate) of nonaqueous phase liquids in the subsurface and site specific geology, chemistry and hydrology. This volume is focused on the characterization and remediation of nonaqueous phase chlorinated solvents and it is hoped that mid-level engineers and scientists will find this book helpful in understanding the current state-of-practice of DNAPL source zone management and remediation.

Author : Yakir J. Hasit
Publisher : American Water Works Association
ISBN 13 : 1583213368
Total Pages : 128 pages
Book Rating : 4.60/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Cost and Benefit Analysis of Flushing written by Yakir J. Hasit and published by American Water Works Association. This book was released on 2004 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides guidelines for evaluating the costs and benefits of flushing programs would help utilities deliver high-quality water to customers in a cost-effective manner. Develops a methodology for conducting a cost-benefit analysis of a utility's water main flushing program. Evaluates the costs and benefits of flushing and identifies the criteria for assessing the water quality benefits of flushing operations.

Author : National Risk Management Research Laboratory (U.S.)
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 100 pages
Book Rating : 4.60/5 ( download)

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Download or read book In Situ Treatment of Soil and Groundwater Contaminated with Chromium written by National Risk Management Research Laboratory (U.S.) and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309278740
Total Pages : 423 pages
Book Rating : 4.44/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Alternatives for Managing the Nation's Complex Contaminated Groundwater Sites written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2013-03-27 with total page 423 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Across the United States, thousands of hazardous waste sites are contaminated with chemicals that prevent the underlying groundwater from meeting drinking water standards. These include Superfund sites and other facilities that handle and dispose of hazardous waste, active and inactive dry cleaners, and leaking underground storage tanks; many are at federal facilities such as military installations. While many sites have been closed over the past 30 years through cleanup programs run by the U.S. Department of Defense, the U.S. EPA, and other state and federal agencies, the remaining caseload is much more difficult to address because the nature of the contamination and subsurface conditions make it difficult to achieve drinking water standards in the affected groundwater. Alternatives for Managing the Nation's Complex Contaminated Groundwater Sites estimates that at least 126,000 sites across the U.S. still have contaminated groundwater, and their closure is expected to cost at least $110 billion to $127 billion. About 10 percent of these sites are considered "complex," meaning restoration is unlikely to be achieved in the next 50 to 100 years due to technological limitations. At sites where contaminant concentrations have plateaued at levels above cleanup goals despite active efforts, the report recommends evaluating whether the sites should transition to long-term management, where risks would be monitored and harmful exposures prevented, but at reduced costs.

Author :
Publisher : DIANE Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1428900144
Total Pages : 291 pages
Book Rating : 4.41/5 ( download)

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Download or read book NATO/CCMS pilot study written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2002 with total page 291 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Author : Danny Reible
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 940100255X
Total Pages : 300 pages
Book Rating : 4.54/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Innovative Approaches to the On-Site Assessment and Remediation of Contaminated Sites written by Danny Reible and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 2 DANNY D. REIBLEI AND KATERINA DEMNEROVA 1 Hazardous Substance Research Center/South and Southwest, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 2 Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague, Czech Republic On May 24, 2001, a total of 102 students and lecturers participated in an Advanced Study Institute (ASI) sponsored by the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) under our direction. The Institute was focused on in situ and onsite management of contaminated sites. The objective of the Institute was to balance state of the art science with techniques for field application of a variety of technologies for in situ assessment and remediation of contaminated sites. Many of the lecturers were drawn from the ranks of the Hazardous Substance Research Centers, multi-university consortia that have been funded by the US Environmental Protection Agency to conduct research and technology transfer designed to promote risk-based management and control of hazardous substances for the nation. The Centers have made special contributions to the areas of in situ and onsite assessment and remediation of contaminated sites. Such approaches have the potential for being significantly less expensive than other assessment and remediation approaches while maintaining accuracy and effectiveness. Cost-effective remedial and management approaches that are also effective in minimizing exposure and risk to human health and the environment are a critical need throughout the world but particularly in Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union where resources that can be devoted to environmental cleanup are especially limited.

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309278139
Total Pages : 423 pages
Book Rating : 4.33/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Alternatives for Managing the Nation's Complex Contaminated Groundwater Sites written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2013-02-27 with total page 423 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Across the United States, thousands of hazardous waste sites are contaminated with chemicals that prevent the underlying groundwater from meeting drinking water standards. These include Superfund sites and other facilities that handle and dispose of hazardous waste, active and inactive dry cleaners, and leaking underground storage tanks; many are at federal facilities such as military installations. While many sites have been closed over the past 30 years through cleanup programs run by the U.S. Department of Defense, the U.S. EPA, and other state and federal agencies, the remaining caseload is much more difficult to address because the nature of the contamination and subsurface conditions make it difficult to achieve drinking water standards in the affected groundwater. Alternatives for Managing the Nation's Complex Contaminated Groundwater Sites estimates that at least 126,000 sites across the U.S. still have contaminated groundwater, and their closure is expected to cost at least $110 billion to $127 billion. About 10 percent of these sites are considered "complex," meaning restoration is unlikely to be achieved in the next 50 to 100 years due to technological limitations. At sites where contaminant concentrations have plateaued at levels above cleanup goals despite active efforts, the report recommends evaluating whether the sites should transition to long-term management, where risks would be monitored and harmful exposures prevented, but at reduced costs.