Considerations For Viral Disease Eradication

Author : Institute of Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309084148
Total Pages : 233 pages
Book Rating : 4.47/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Considerations for Viral Disease Eradication written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2002-08-18 with total page 233 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since smallpox eradication, the science of eradication has changed and with it, our definitions of what diseases are possible to eradicate. However, eradication must not beget complacency. As has been learned from past control or eradication attempts with a variety of viral diseases, from yellow fever to influenza, accidental or intentional reintroduction is a real threat-one that could strike anywhere and for which we need to be fully prepared. The criteria for assessing eradicability of polio, measles, and other viral infections have been debated extensively. With the elimination and eradication of several viral diseases on the horizon, issues surrounding the cessation of immunization activities become exceedingly important. In an effort to better understand the dynamics of disease eradication and post-immunization policies, the Institute of Medicine Forum on Emerging Infections hosted a two-day workshop (February 1-2, 2001) on The Consequences of Viral Disease Eradication. This book explores the principles underlying the biological challenges, medical interventions, the continuing research agenda, and operational considerations for post-immunization strategies for vaccine-preventable viral diseases, and highlights important efforts that may facilitate wise decision making.

Author : Donald Hopkins
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 9780471980896
Total Pages : 252 pages
Book Rating : 4.97/5 ( download)

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Download or read book The Eradication of Infectious Diseases written by Donald Hopkins and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 1998-03-06 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1993, an International Task Force for Disease Eradication evaluated over 80 potential candidate diseases and made recommendations. However, little has been done to develop the science of eradication systematically. This book reports the findings of a multidisciplinary workshop on the eradication of infectious diseases. It reviews the history of eradication efforts and lessons from previous campaigns and distinguishes among eradication, elimination, and control programs and extinction of an etiologic agent. It addresses a wide range of related issues, including biological and socio-political criteria for eradication, costs and benefits of eradication campaigns, opportunities for strengthening primary health care in the course of eradication efforts, and other aspects of planning and implementing eradication programs. Finally, it stresses the importance of global mechanisms for formulating and implementing such programs.

Author : Institute of Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309086043
Total Pages : 57 pages
Book Rating : 4.42/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Scientific and Policy Considerations in Developing Smallpox Vaccination Options written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2002-11-28 with total page 57 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: At the World Health Assembly in May 1980, the World Health Organization declared the world free of smallpox. Smallpox vaccination of civilians is now indicated only for laboratory workers directly involved with smallpox or closely related orthopox viruses. However recent questions raised by the terrorist attacks in fall 2001 have renewed concerns about possible outbreaks of smallpox resulting from its use as a biological weapon. In June 2002, the Institute of Medicine convened a public conference to discuss the scientific, clinical, procedural, and administrative aspects of various immunization strategies. Scientific and Policy Considerations in Developing Smallpox Vaccination Options summarizes the presentations and discussions from this workshop.

Author : Institute of Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309168309
Total Pages : 333 pages
Book Rating : 4.04/5 ( download)

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Download or read book The Resistance Phenomenon in Microbes and Infectious Disease Vectors written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2003-03-26 with total page 333 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The resistance topic is timely given current events. The emergence of mysterious new diseases, such as SARS, and the looming threat of bioterrorist attacks remind us of how vulnerable we can be to infectious agents. With advances in medical technologies, we have tamed many former microbial foes, yet with few new antimicrobial agents and vaccines in the pipeline, and rapidly increasing drug resistance among infectious microbes, we teeter on the brink of loosing the upperhand in our ongoing struggle against these foes, old and new. The Resistance Phenomenon in Microbes and Infectious Disease Vectors examines our understanding of the relationships among microbes, disease vectors, and human hosts, and explores possible new strategies for meeting the challenge of resistance.

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309490359
Total Pages : 231 pages
Book Rating : 4.51/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Exploring Lessons Learned from a Century of Outbreaks written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2019-06-05 with total page 231 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In November 2018, an ad hoc planning committee at the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine planned two sister workshops held in Washington, DC, to examine the lessons from influenza pandemics and other major outbreaks, understand the extent to which the lessons have been learned, and discuss how they could be applied further to ensure that countries are sufficiently ready for future pandemics. This publication summarizes the presentations and discussions from both workshops.

Author : Institute of Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309314003
Total Pages : 336 pages
Book Rating : 4.08/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Emerging Viral Diseases written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2015-03-19 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the past half century, deadly disease outbreaks caused by novel viruses of animal origin - Nipah virus in Malaysia, Hendra virus in Australia, Hantavirus in the United States, Ebola virus in Africa, along with HIV (human immunodeficiency virus), several influenza subtypes, and the SARS (sudden acute respiratory syndrome) and MERS (Middle East respiratory syndrome) coronaviruses - have underscored the urgency of understanding factors influencing viral disease emergence and spread. Emerging Viral Diseases is the summary of a public workshop hosted in March 2014 to examine factors driving the appearance, establishment, and spread of emerging, re-emerging and novel viral diseases; the global health and economic impacts of recently emerging and novel viral diseases in humans; and the scientific and policy approaches to improving domestic and international capacity to detect and respond to global outbreaks of infectious disease. This report is a record of the presentations and discussion of the event.

Author : Stephen L. Cochi
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 0262549190
Total Pages : 333 pages
Book Rating : 4.96/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Disease Eradication in the 21st Century written by Stephen L. Cochi and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2023-09-19 with total page 333 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Experts explore the biological, social, and economic complexities of eradicating disease. Disease eradication represents the ultimate in global equity and the definitive outcome of good public health practice. Thirty years ago, the elimination of smallpox defined disease eradication as a monumental global achievement with lasting benefits for society. Today, the global commitment to eradicate polio and guinea worm and heightened interest in the potential eradication of other infectious diseases, including measles/rubella, lymphatic filariasis, onchocerciasis, and malaria, dominate public health concerns. But what does it take to eradicate a disease? This book takes a fresh look at the evolving concepts of disease eradication, influenced by scientific advances, field experience, societal issues, and economic realities. A diverse group of experts from around the world, representing a range of disciplines, examines the biological, social, political, and economic complexities of eradicating a disease. The book details lessons learned from the initiatives against polio, measles/rubella, and onchocerciasis. Further chapters examine ethical issues, the investment case, governance models, organizational and institutional arrangements, political and social factors, feasibility of eradication goals, priority setting, and the integration of disease eradication programs with existing health systems. Contributors Stephen L. Cochi, Walter R. Dowdle, Claudia I. Emerson, Kimberly M. Thompson, Radboud J. Duintjer Tebbens, Regina Rabinovich, Lesong Conteh, B. Fenton Hall, Peter A. Singer, Maya Vijayaraghavan, Damian G. Walker, Kari Stoever, Julie Jacobson, Andy Wright, Chris Maher, Bruce Aylward, Ali Jaffer Mohamed, T. Jacob John, Robert S. Scott, Robert Hall, Jeffrey Bates, Sherine Guirguis, Thomas Moran, Peter Strebel, Eric A. Ottesen, Ciro de Quadros, Linda Muller, Jai Prakash Narain, Ole Wichmann, Alan R. Hinman, Stewart Tyson, Robin Biellik, Piya Hanvoravongchai, Sandra Mounier-Jack, Valeria Oliveira Cruz, Dina Balabanova, Yayehyirad Kitaw, Tracey Koehlmoos, Sebastião Loureiro, Mitike Molla, Ha Trong Nguyen, Pierre Ongolo-Zogo, Umeda Sadykova, Harbandhu Sarma, Maria Gloria Teixeira M, Jasim Uddin, Alya Dabbagh, Ulla Kou Griffiths, Muhammad Ali Pate, John O. Gyapong, Adrian Hopkins, Dairiku Hozumi, Mwelecele Malecela

Author : Committee on the Assessment of Future Scientific Needs for Variola Virus
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 030959698X
Total Pages : 126 pages
Book Rating : 4.85/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Assessment of Future Scientific Needs for Live Variola Virus written by Committee on the Assessment of Future Scientific Needs for Variola Virus and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1999-05-14 with total page 126 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1980, the World Health Organization (WHO) officially declared that smallpox had been eradicated. In 1986, WHO's international Ad Hoc Committee on Orthopox Virus Infections unanimously recommended destruction of the two remaining official stocks of variola virus, one at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the other at the VECTOR laboratory in Siberia. In June 1999, WHO decided to delay the destruction of these stocks. Informing that decision was Assessment of Future Scientific Needs for Variola Virus, which examines: -- Whether the sequenced variola genome, vaccinia, and monkey pox virus are adequate for future research or whether the live variola virus itself is needed to assist in the development of antiviral therapies. -- What further benefits, if any, would likely be gained through the use of variola in research and development efforts related to agent detection, diagnosis, prevention, and treatment. -- What unique potential benefits, if any, the study of variola would have in increasing our fundamental understanding of the biology, host-agent interactions, pathogenesis, and immune mechanisms of viral diseases.

Author : W. A. Geering
Publisher : Fao
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 154 pages
Book Rating : 4.33/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Manual on Procedures for Disease Eradication by Stamping Out written by W. A. Geering and published by Fao. This book was released on 2001 with total page 154 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: African swine fever (ASF) is a disease with a mortality rate close to 100 percent. There is no vaccine and no conventional treatment against the disease. To reduce the effects caused by ASF outbreaks, optimal response mechanisms against probable ASF emergency disease situations need to be planned and rehearsed so that the disease can be controlled and eradicated in the most rapid and cost-effective way. These plans should be refined from time to time through simulation exercises and personnel should be trained in their individual roles and responsibilities. This manual provides information on the nature of ASF, and on the principles of, and strategic options for its prevention, control and elimination. Guidelines are given for individual countries threatened by ASF to formulate their own national policy on control and eradication of a possible incursion of the disease. The manual identifies both personnel and equipment and other facilities that are needed in a national ASF contingency plan. An outline of the suggested format and contents of a national contingency plan is also provided as a guide, which can be modified to suit the needs and circumstances of individual countries.

Author : Dean T. Jamison
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 : 1464805288
Total Pages : 426 pages
Book Rating : 4.88/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Disease Control Priorities, Third Edition (Volume 9) written by Dean T. Jamison and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2017-12-06 with total page 426 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As the culminating volume in the DCP3 series, volume 9 will provide an overview of DCP3 findings and methods, a summary of messages and substantive lessons to be taken from DCP3, and a further discussion of cross-cutting and synthesizing topics across the first eight volumes. The introductory chapters (1-3) in this volume take as their starting point the elements of the Essential Packages presented in the overview chapters of each volume. First, the chapter on intersectoral policy priorities for health includes fiscal and intersectoral policies and assembles a subset of the population policies and applies strict criteria for a low-income setting in order to propose a "highest-priority" essential package. Second, the chapter on packages of care and delivery platforms for universal health coverage (UHC) includes health sector interventions, primarily clinical and public health services, and uses the same approach to propose a highest priority package of interventions and policies that meet similar criteria, provides cost estimates, and describes a pathway to UHC.