Cold Region Hazards And Risks

Author : Colin A. Whiteman
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1119957184
Total Pages : 287 pages
Book Rating : 4.88/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Cold Region Hazards and Risks written by Colin A. Whiteman and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-07-20 with total page 287 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a unique, timely and engaging text with wide ranging geographical coverage. The text brings together, for the first time, information about a vast array of hazards associated with ice and snow, spanning both well known phenomenon (e.g. avalanches) and the less familiar (e.g. river ice jams and ice storms) using, in many cases, material which is rarely seen outside advanced academic research books and journals. The range of ice-related hazards will be introduced and the significance of the current global warming context discussed. Broad physical models of glacial, periglacial and atmospheric cold environments are presented to provide a scientific context for discussion of the human issues of risk, vulnerability impact and mitigation. Key Features: Wide ranging geographical coverage (the Americas, Asia, Australasia, Antarctic & Europe) Localised hazards (avalanches, life storms, landslides) contrasted to those with wider reaching effects (arctic ice loss, ice sheet retreat and wide spread permafrost decay) Includes the latest developments in the field Each chapter includes hazards overview, summery, conclusions, potential projects exercise and key references Includes a supplementary website with figures from the text and further references Each chapter includes a hazards overview, summary, conclusions, potential projects exercise and key references

Author : Jana Sillmann
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 0128148950
Total Pages : 378 pages
Book Rating : 4.52/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Climate Extremes and Their Implications for Impact and Risk Assessment written by Jana Sillmann and published by . This book was released on 2019-11 with total page 378 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Climate extremes often imply significant impacts on human and natural systems, and these extreme events are anticipated to be among the potentially most harmful consequences of a changing climate. However, while extreme event impacts are increasingly recognized, methodologies to address such impacts and the degree of our understanding and prediction capabilities vary widely among different sectors and disciplines. Moreover, traditional climate extreme indices and large-scale multi-model intercomparisons that are used for future projections of extreme events and associated impacts often fall short in capturing the full complexity of impact systems. Climate Extremes and Their Implications for Impact and Risk Assessment describes challenges, opportunities and methodologies for the analysis of the impacts of climate extremes across various sectors to support their impact and risk assessment. It thereby also facilitates cross-sectoral and cross-disciplinary discussions and exchange among climate and impact scientists. The sectors covered include agriculture, terrestrial ecosystems, human health, transport, conflict, and more broadly covering the human-environment nexus. The book concludes with an outlook on the need for more transdisciplinary work and international collaboration between scientists and practitioners to address emergent risks and extreme events towards risk reduction and strengthened societal resilience. Provides an overview about past, present and future changes in climate and weather extremes and how to connect that knowledge to impact and risk assessment under global warming Presents different approaches to assess societal-relevant impacts and risk of climate and weather extremes, including compound events, and the complexity of risk cascades and the interconnectedness of societal risk Features applications across a diversity of sectors, including agriculture, health, ecosystem services and urban transport

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 136 pages
Book Rating : 4.44/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Risks and Hazards written by and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Author : Wilfried Haeberli
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0128171308
Total Pages : 786 pages
Book Rating : 4.01/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Snow and Ice-Related Hazards, Risks, and Disasters written by Wilfried Haeberli and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2021-02-12 with total page 786 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Snow and Ice-Related Hazards, Risks, and Disasters, Second Edition, provides you with the latest scientific developments in sea level rise, permafrost degradation, rock/ice avalanches, glacier surges, glacial lake outburst floods, ice shelf collapses, climate change implications, causality, impacts, preparedness and mitigation. The book takes a geo-scientific approach to the topic while also covering current thinking about directly related social scientific issues that can affect ecosystems and global economies. Special emphasis is placed on the rapidly progressing effects from global warming on the cryosphere, perspectives for the future and latest scientific advances, and technological developments. Presents the latest research on causality, glacial surges, ice-shelf collapses, sea level rise, climate change implications, and more Contains numerous tables, maps, diagrams, illustrations and photographs of hazardous processes Features new insights on the implications of climate change, including increased melting, collapsing, flooding, methane emissions, and sea level rise

Author : Keith Smith
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 1351261622
Total Pages : 715 pages
Book Rating : 4.23/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Environmental Hazards written by Keith Smith and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2023-11-29 with total page 715 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The seventh edition of Environmental Hazards provides a much expanded and fully up-to-date overview of all the extreme environmental events that threaten people and what they value in the 21st century globally. It integrates cutting-edge materials to provide an interdisciplinary approach to environmental hazards and their management, illustrating how natural and human systems interact to place communities of all sizes, and at all stages of economic development, at risk. Part 1 defines basic concepts of hazard, risk, vulnerability and disaster and explores the evolution of hazards theory. Part 2 employs a consistent chapter structure to demonstrate how individual hazards occur, their impacts and how the risks can be assessed and managed. This extensively revised edition includes: Fresh perspectives on the reliability of disaster data, disaster risk reduction, risk and disaster perception and communication, and new technologies available to assist with environmental hazard management The addition of several new environmental hazards including landslide and avalanches, cryospheric hazards, karst and subsidence hazards, and hazards of the Anthropocene More boxed sections with a focus on both generic issues and the lessons to be learned from a carefully selected range of up-to-date extreme events An annotated list of key resources, including further reading and relevant websites, for all chapters More colour diagrams and photographs, and more than 1,000 references to some of the most significant and recent published material New exercises to assist teaching in the classroom, or self-learning This carefully structured and balanced textbook captures the complexity and dynamism of environmental hazards and is essential reading for students across many disciplines including geography, environmental science, environmental studies and natural resources.

Author : Polina Lemenkova
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.47/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Risks of Cryogenic Landslide Hazards and Their Impact on Ecosystems in Cold Environments written by Polina Lemenkova and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper focuses on monitoring of landscapes downgrading in specific conditions of Arctic ecosystems with cold climate conditions (marshes, permafrost, high humidity and moisture). The paper has a special focus on spatiotemporal assessment of land cover types changes in using GIS answering question “what exactly happens with land cover types over time ?” and “how the landscapes located in specific cold񖌙񖌤 moisture conditions are affected by the landslides”. A specific case study of the current work is cryogenic landslides which are typical for cold environments with permafrost distribution. The research region is located in Yamal Peninsula, north Russia. This work analyses environmental consequences caused by the cryogenic landslides in northern landscapes and overall climate changes affecting sensitive Arctic ecosystems. The thaw of permafrost layer leads to the destruction of the ground soil layer and activates cryogenic landslide processes. After disaster, vegetation coverage needs a long time to recover, due to the sensitivity of the specific northern environment. As a result, land cover types change significantly within the landscapes of the regions affected by the disaster. The application of GIS software was used to analyze and process two satellite images (Landsat TM) taken at different time (1988 and 2011) in order to assess spatiotemporal changes in the land cover types of the Arctic landscapes. This work demonstrates how GIS spatial analysis can be applied to studies of the environmental disasters, as well as monitoring and mapping changes in the landscapes patterns caused by the external factors such as landslide hazards.

Author : Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1107025060
Total Pages : 593 pages
Book Rating : 4.66/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Managing the Risks of Extreme Events and Disasters to Advance Climate Change Adaptation written by Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2012-05-28 with total page 593 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Extreme weather and climate events, interacting with exposed and vulnerable human and natural systems, can lead to disasters. This Special Report explores the social as well as physical dimensions of weather- and climate-related disasters, considering opportunities for managing risks at local to international scales. SREX was approved and accepted by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) on 18 November 2011 in Kampala, Uganda.

Author :
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0123964733
Total Pages : 787 pages
Book Rating : 4.31/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Snow and Ice-Related Hazards, Risks, and Disasters written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2014-10-27 with total page 787 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Snow and Ice-Related Hazards, Risks, and Disasters provides you with the latest scientific developments in glacier surges and melting, ice shelf collapses, paleo-climate reconstruction, sea level rise, climate change implications, causality, impacts, preparedness, and mitigation. It takes a geo-scientific approach to the topic while also covering current thinking about directly related social scientific issues that can adversely affect ecosystems and global economies. Puts the contributions from expert oceanographers, geologists, geophysicists, environmental scientists, and climatologists selected by a world-renowned editorial board in your hands Presents the latest research on causality, glacial surges, ice-shelf collapses, sea level rise, climate change implications, and more Numerous tables, maps, diagrams, illustrations and photographs of hazardous processes will be included Features new insights into the implications of climate change on increased melting, collapsing, flooding, methane emissions, and sea level rise

Author : Stéphane Hallegatte
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319089331
Total Pages : 214 pages
Book Rating : 4.31/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Natural Disasters and Climate Change written by Stéphane Hallegatte and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-09-17 with total page 214 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores economic concepts related to disaster losses, describes mechanisms that determine the economic consequences of a disaster, and reviews methodologies for making decisions regarding risk management and adaptation. The author addresses the need for better understanding of the consequences of disasters and reviews and analyzes three scientific debates on linkage between disaster risk management and adaptation to climate change. The first involves the existence and magnitude of long-term economic impact of natural disasters on development. The second is the disagreement over whether any development is the proper solution to high vulnerability to disaster risk. The third debate involves the difficulty of drawing connections between natural disasters and climate change and the challenge in managing them through an integrated strategy. The introduction describes economic views of disaster, including direct and indirect costs, output and welfare losses, and use of econometric tools to measure losses. The next section defines disaster risk, delineates between “good” and “bad” risk-taking, and discusses a pathway to balanced growth. A section entitled “Trends in Hazards and the Role of Climate Change” sets scenarios for climate change analysis, discusses statistical and physical models for downscaling global climate scenarios to extreme event scenarios, and considers how to consider extremes of hot and cold, storms, wind, drought and flood. Another section analyzes case studies on hurricanes and the US coastline; sea-level rises and storm surge in Copenhagen; and heavy precipitation in Mumbai. A section on Methodologies for disaster risk management includes a study on cost-benefit analysis of coastal protections in New Orleans, and one on early-warning systems in developing countries. The next section outlines decision-making in disaster risk management, including robust decision-making, No-regret and No-risk strategies; and strategies that reduce time horizons for decision-making. Among the conclusions is the assertion that risk management policies must recognize the benefits of risk-taking and avoid suppressing it entirely. The main message is that a combination of disaster-risk-reduction, resilience-building and adaptation policies can yield large potential gains and synergies.

Author : Bernardo Stephan Teufel
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.64/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Novel and Actionable High-resolution Climate Change Information for Adaptation of Engineering Systems in Cold Environments written by Bernardo Stephan Teufel and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Engineering systems are designed to withstand their operating environment, which generally includes a variety of factors influenced by climate variability and extremes. Given that engineering systems usually have long lifespans, it becomes necessary to account for future environmental conditions, which due to climate change, are unlikely to be represented in historical archives. It follows that the first step to adapt engineering systems to the changing environmental conditions is the generation of actionable climate change information. Climate models are the primary tools available to develop projections of future climate, but these projections need to be of sufficiently high quality and resolution to be useful for the adaptation of engineering systems. In this thesis, novel climate change information was developed using the state-of-the-art regional climate model GEM (Global Environmental Multiscale), which is extensively used for climate research. Contributions to original knowledge arose by applying innovative analysis methods to an ensemble of climate projections, including 4 km resolution projections over the Canadian Arctic, developed for the first time. Several knowledge gaps were addressed, which contributed significantly to the advancement of the understanding of climate-infrastructure interactions in cold regions. Analysis of rainfall and snowmelt as flood-generating mechanisms across Canada demonstrated the importance of keeping global warming below the 2 °C threshold of the Paris Agreement. Under 2 °C of global warming, slight increases of rainfall contribution to flood peaks are projected, while a high-warming scenario leads to widespread increases in rainfall contribution and the emergence of hotspots of change in currently snowmelt-dominated regions. These changes influence flood magnitude and timing, which has implications for the management of flood risks and freshwater resources and for the development of flow regulation plans. Large projected changes over northern regions motivated further analysis, which revealed the possibility of abrupt decreases in soil moisture in response to increased drainage due to permafrost degradation for the high-warming scenario. This regime shift is projected to result in abrupt changes to many variables and processes of high significance to northern interests, such as flood predictors and wildfire intensity. The abruptness of these changes presents additional challenges to climate change adaptation and potential retrofitting of engineering systems. The adaptation of these systems requires high-resolution projections, which were developed here for the first time at 4 km resolution over the Canadian Arctic, for the investigation of hazards to northern transportation. By 2040, significant increases to short-duration rainfall and wind gust extremes, as well as further permafrost degradation, are expected to foment deterioration of northern infrastructure and transportation systems. A novel approach integrating climate model output and machine learning algorithms allowed deriving projections of fog - a complex variable. Overall fog frequency is projected to increase over most of the Canadian Arctic by 2040, presenting an additional hazard to northern transportation. The main contribution of this thesis is the advancement of the understanding of several different pathways through which changing climatic conditions are expected to impact engineering systems in cold regions. On one hand, the projections highlight the crucial importance of climate change mitigation, as remaining below the 2 °C global warming threshold would prevent large changes over many regions and decrease the likelihood of abrupt changes. On the other hand, some climatic hazards are projected to soon exceed those in historical records regardless of emissions scenario, and the high-quality, high-resolution projections analyzed here contain useful and actionable information for the adaptation of engineering systems"--