Cluster Randomised Trials

Author : Richard J. Hayes
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1315353237
Total Pages : 466 pages
Book Rating : 4.34/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Cluster Randomised Trials written by Richard J. Hayes and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-07-06 with total page 466 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cluster Randomised Trials, Second Edition discusses the design, conduct, and analysis of trials that randomise groups of individuals to different treatments. It explores the advantages of cluster randomisation, with special attention given to evaluating the effects of interventions against infectious diseases. Avoiding unnecessary mathematical detail, the book covers basic concepts underlying the use of cluster randomisation, such as direct, indirect, and total effects. In the time since the publication of the first edition, the use of cluster randomised trials (CRTs) has increased substantially, which is reflected in the updates to this edition. There are greatly expanded sections on randomisation, sample size estimation, and alternative designs, including new material on stepped wedge designs. There is a new section on handling ordinal outcome data, and an appendix with descriptions and/or generating code of the example data sets. Although the book mainly focuses on medical and public health applications, it shows that the rigorous evidence of intervention effects provided by CRTs has the potential to inform public policy in a wide range of other areas. The book encourages readers to apply the methods to their own trials, reproduce the analyses presented, and explore alternative approaches.

Author : Sandra Eldridge
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 0470510471
Total Pages : 299 pages
Book Rating : 4.76/5 ( download)

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Download or read book A Practical Guide to Cluster Randomised Trials in Health Services Research written by Sandra Eldridge and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2012-02-20 with total page 299 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cluster randomised trials are trials in which groups (or clusters) of individuals are randomly allocated to different forms of treatment. In health care, these trials often compare different ways of managing a disease or promoting healthy living, in contrast to conventional randomised trials which randomise individuals to different treatments, classically comparing new drugs with a placebo. They are increasingly common in health services research. This book addresses the statistical, practical, and ethical issues arising from allocating groups of individuals, or clusters, to different interventions. Key features: Guides readers through the stages of conducting a trial, from recruitment to reporting. Presents a wide range of examples with particular emphasis on trials in health services research and primary care, with both principles and techniques explained. Topics are specifically presented in the order in which investigators think about issues when they are designing a trial. Combines information on the latest developments in the field together with a practical guide to the design and implementation of cluster randomised trials. Explains principles and techniques through numerous examples including many from the authors own experience. Includes a wide range of references for those who wish to read further. This book is intended as a practical guide, written for researchers from the health professions including doctors, psychologists, and allied health professionals, as well as statisticians involved in the design, execution, analysis and reporting of cluster randomised trials. Those with a more general interest will find the plentiful examples illuminating.

Author : Michael J. Campbell
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1119992028
Total Pages : 266 pages
Book Rating : 4.28/5 ( download)

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Download or read book How to Design, Analyse and Report Cluster Randomised Trials in Medicine and Health Related Research written by Michael J. Campbell and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2014-05-27 with total page 266 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A complete guide to understanding cluster randomised trials Written by two researchers with extensive experience in the field, this book presents a complete guide to the design, analysis and reporting of cluster randomised trials. It spans a wide range of applications: trials in developing countries, trials in primary care, trials in the health services. A key feature is the use of R code and code from other popular packages to plan and analyse cluster trials, using data from actual trials. The book contains clear technical descriptions of the models used, and considers in detail the ethics involved in such trials and the problems in planning them. For readers and students who do not intend to run a trial but wish to be a critical reader of the literature, there are sections on the CONSORT statement, and exercises in reading published trials. Written in a clear, accessible style Features real examples taken from the authors’ extensive practitioner experience of designing and analysing clinical trials Demonstrates the use of R, Stata and SPSS for statistical analysis Includes computer code so the reader can replicate all the analyses Discusses neglected areas such as ethics and practical issues in running cluster randomised trials How to Design, Analyse and Report Cluster Randomised Trials in Medicine and Health Related Research provides an excellent reference tool and can be read with profit by statisticians, health services researchers, systematic reviewers and critical readers of cluster randomised trials.

Author : Allan Donner
Publisher : Wiley
ISBN 13 : 9780470711002
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.00/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Design and Analysis of Cluster Randomization Trials in Health Research written by Allan Donner and published by Wiley. This book was released on 2010-05-17 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A cluster randomization trial is one in which intact social units, or clusters of individuals, are randomized to different intervention groups. Trials randomizing clusters have become particularly widespread in the evaluation of non-therapeutic interventions, including lifestyle modification, educational programmes and innovations in the provision of health care. The increasing popularity of this design among health researchers over the past two decades has led to an extensive body of methodology on the subject. This is the first book to present a systematic and united treatment of this topic; it contains distinctive chapters on the history of cluster randomized trials, ethical issues and reporting guidelines.

Author : David M. Murray
Publisher : Monographs in Epidemiology and
ISBN 13 : 0195120361
Total Pages : 481 pages
Book Rating : 4.63/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Design and Analysis of Group-randomized Trials written by David M. Murray and published by Monographs in Epidemiology and. This book was released on 1998 with total page 481 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Community or group-randomized trials, which are usually done to evaluate the effect of health promotion effors. It reviews the underlying issues, describes the most widely used research design, and presents the many approaches to analysis that are now available.

Author : D. Torgerson
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 0230583997
Total Pages : 226 pages
Book Rating : 4.93/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Designing Randomised Trials in Health, Education and the Social Sciences written by D. Torgerson and published by Springer. This book was released on 2008-03-13 with total page 226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book focuses on the design of rigorous trials rather than their statistical underpinnings, with chapters on: pragmatic designs; placebo designs; preference approaches; unequal allocation; economics; analytical approaches; randomization methods. It also includes a detailed description of randomization procedures and different trial designs.

Author : John N.S. Matthews
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1420011308
Total Pages : 304 pages
Book Rating : 4.02/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Introduction to Randomized Controlled Clinical Trials written by John N.S. Matthews and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2006-06-26 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Evidence from randomized controlled clinical trials is widely accepted as the only sound basis for assessing the efficacy of new medical treatments. Statistical methods play a key role in all stages of these trials, including their justification, design, and analysis. This second edition of Introduction to Randomized Controlled Clinical Trials prov

Author : Peter G. Smith
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN 13 : 0198732864
Total Pages : 479 pages
Book Rating : 4.60/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Field Trials of Health Interventions written by Peter G. Smith and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2015 with total page 479 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "IEA, International Epidemiological Association, Welcome Trust."

Author : Susan S. Ellenberg
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 0470854154
Total Pages : 208 pages
Book Rating : 4.50/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Data Monitoring Committees in Clinical Trials written by Susan S. Ellenberg and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2003-01-17 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There has been substantial growth in the use of data monitoring committees in recent years, by both government agencies and the pharmaceutical industry. This growth has been brought about by increasing recognition of the value of such committees in safeguarding trial participants as well as protecting trial integrity and the validity of conclusions. This very timely book describes the operation of data monitoring committees, and provides an authoritative guide to their establishment, purpose and responsibilities. * Provides a practical overview of data monitoring in clinical trials. * Describes the purpose, responsibilities and operation of data monitoring committees. * Provides directly applicable advice for those managing and conducting clinical trials, and those serving on data monitoring committees. * Gives insight into clinical data monitoring to those sitting on regulatory and ethical committees. * Discusses issues pertinent to those working in clinical trials in both the US and Europe. The practical guidance provided by this book will be of use to professionals working in and/or managing clinical trials, in academic, government and industry settings, particularly medical statisticians, clinicians, trial co-ordinators, and those working in regulatory affairs and bioethics.

Author : Meinhard Kieser
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030495280
Total Pages : 391 pages
Book Rating : 4.82/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Methods and Applications of Sample Size Calculation and Recalculation in Clinical Trials written by Meinhard Kieser and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-11-19 with total page 391 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides an extensive overview of the principles and methods of sample size calculation and recalculation in clinical trials. Appropriate calculation of the required sample size is crucial for the success of clinical trials. At the same time, a sample size that is too small or too large is problematic due to ethical, scientific, and economic reasons. Therefore, state-of-the art methods are required when planning clinical trials. Part I describes a general framework for deriving sample size calculation procedures. This enables an understanding of the common principles underlying the numerous methods presented in the following chapters. Part II addresses the fixed sample size design, where the required sample size is determined in the planning stage and is not changed afterwards. It covers sample size calculation methods for superiority, non-inferiority, and equivalence trials, as well as comparisons between two and more than two groups. A wide range of further topics is discussed, including sample size calculation for multiple comparisons, safety assessment, and multi-regional trials. There is often some uncertainty about the assumptions to be made when calculating the sample size upfront. Part III presents methods that allow to modify the initially specified sample size based on new information that becomes available during the ongoing trial. Blinded sample size recalculation procedures for internal pilot study designs are considered, as well as methods for sample size reassessment in adaptive designs that use unblinded data from interim analyses. The application is illustrated using numerous clinical trial examples, and software code implementing the methods is provided. The book offers theoretical background and practical advice for biostatisticians and clinicians from the pharmaceutical industry and academia who are involved in clinical trials. Covering basic as well as more advanced and recently developed methods, it is suitable for beginners, experienced applied statisticians, and practitioners. To gain maximum benefit, readers should be familiar with introductory statistics. The content of this book has been successfully used for courses on the topic.