Amorphous Solids

Author : William A. Phillips
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3642815340
Total Pages : 179 pages
Book Rating : 4.48/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Amorphous Solids written by William A. Phillips and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 179 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is now ten years since it was first convincingly shown that below 1 K the ther mal conductivity and the heat capacity of amorphous solids behave in a way which is strikingly different to that of crystalline solids. Since that time there has been a wide variety of experimental and theoretical studies which have not only defined and clarified the low temperature problem more closely, but have also linked these differences between amorphous and crystalline solids to those suggested by older acoustic and thermal experiments (extending up to 100 K). The interest in this somewhat restricted branch of physics lies to a considerable extent in the fact that the differences were so unexpected. It might be thought that as the tempera ture, probing frequency, or more generally the energy decreases, a continuum de scription in which structural differences between glass and crystal are concealed should become more accurate. In a sense this is true, but it appears that there exists in an amorphous solid a large density of additional excitations which have no counterpart in normal crystals. This book presents a survey of the wide range of experimental investigations of these low energy excitations, together with a re view of the various theoretical models put forward to explain their existence and nature.

Author : Richard Zallen
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 3527617973
Total Pages : 318 pages
Book Rating : 4.75/5 ( download)

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Download or read book The Physics of Amorphous Solids written by Richard Zallen and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008-07-11 with total page 318 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An in-depth study of non-crystalline solids in which the arrangement of the atoms do not have long-range order. Describes the way amorphous solids are formed, the phenomenology of the liquid-to-glass and glass- to-liquid transition, and the technological applications. Emphasizes modern approaches such as scaling, localization, and percolation. Includes extensive treatment of structural aspects of amorphous solids, ranging from metallic glasses, to chalcogenides, to organic polymers. Incorporates illustrations for the clarification of physics concepts.

Author : Zbigniew H. Stachurski
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 3527337075
Total Pages : 274 pages
Book Rating : 4.71/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Fundamentals of Amorphous Solids written by Zbigniew H. Stachurski and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-03-09 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Long awaited, this textbook fills the gap for convincing concepts to describe amorphous solids. Adopting a unique approach, the author develops a framework that lays the foundations for a theory of amorphousness. He unravels the scientific mysteries surrounding the topic, replacing rather vague notions of amorphous materials as disordered crystalline solids with the well-founded concept of ideal amorphous solids. A classification of amorphous materials into inorganic glasses, organic glasses, glassy metallic alloys, and thin films sets the scene for the development of the model of ideal amorphous solids, based on topology- and statistics-governed rules of three-dimensional sphere packing, which leads to structures with no short, mid or long-range order. This general model is then concretized to the description of specific compounds in the four fundamental classes of amorphous solids, as well as amorphous polyethylene and poly(methyl)methacrylate, emphasizing its versatility and descriptive power. Finally, he includes example applications to indicate the abundance of amorphous materials in modern-day technology, thus illustrating the importance of a better understanding of their structure and properties. Equally ideal as supplementary reading in courses on crystallography, mineralogy, solid state physics, and materials science where amorphous materials have played only a minor role until now.

Author : Navnit Shah
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 1493915983
Total Pages : 702 pages
Book Rating : 4.89/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Amorphous Solid Dispersions written by Navnit Shah and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-11-21 with total page 702 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume offers a comprehensive guide on the theory and practice of amorphous solid dispersions (ASD) for handling challenges associated with poorly soluble drugs. In twenty-three inclusive chapters, the book examines thermodynamics and kinetics of the amorphous state and amorphous solid dispersions, ASD technologies, excipients for stabilizing amorphous solid dispersions such as polymers, and ASD manufacturing technologies, including spray drying, hot melt extrusion, fluid bed layering and solvent-controlled micro-precipitation technology (MBP). Each technology is illustrated by specific case studies. In addition, dedicated sections cover analytical tools and technologies for characterization of amorphous solid dispersions, the prediction of long-term stability, and the development of suitable dissolution methods and regulatory aspects. The book also highlights future technologies on the horizon, such as supercritical fluid processing, mesoporous silica, KinetiSol®, and the use of non-salt-forming organic acids and amino acids for the stabilization of amorphous systems. Amorphous Solid Dispersions: Theory and Practice is a valuable reference to pharmaceutical scientists interested in developing bioavailable and therapeutically effective formulations of poorly soluble molecules in order to advance these technologies and develop better medicines for the future.

Author : Norman H. March
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1475791569
Total Pages : 547 pages
Book Rating : 4.63/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Amorphous Solids and the Liquid State written by Norman H. March and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-21 with total page 547 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book has its origins in the 1982 Spring College held at the Interna tional Centre for Theoretical Physics, Miramare, Trieste. The primary aim is to give a broad coverage of liquids and amorphous solids, at a level suitable for graduate students and research workers in condensed-matter physics, physical chemistry, and materials science. The book is intended for experimental workers with interests in the basic theory. While the topics covered are many, it was planned to place special emphasis on both static structure and dynamics, including electronic transport. This emphasis is evident from the rather complete coverage of the determination of static structure from both diffraction experiments and, for amorphous solids especially, from model building. The theory of the structure of liquids and liquid mixtures is then dealt with from the standpoint of, first, basic statistical mechanics and, subsequently, pair potentials constructed from the electron theory of simple metals and their alloys. The discussion of static structure is completed in two chapters with rather different emphases on liquid surfaces and interfaces. The first deals with the basic statistical mechanics of neutral and charged interfaces, while the second is concerned with solvation and double-layer effects. Dynamic structure is introduced by a comprehensive discussion of single-particle motion in liquids. This is followed by the structure and dynamics of charged fluids, where again much basic statistical mechanics is developed.

Author : Pablo Esquinazi
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3662036959
Total Pages : 616 pages
Book Rating : 4.52/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Tunneling Systems in Amorphous and Crystalline Solids written by Pablo Esquinazi and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 616 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This comprehensive book provides a full description of experimental and theoretical details and the latest theories. The expert contributions point out the direction research is currently taking, the expectations and implications, serving as useful introductory surveys.

Author : Yoshio Waseda
Publisher : McGraw-Hill Science, Engineering & Mathematics
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 358 pages
Book Rating : 4.92/5 ( download)

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Download or read book The Structure of Non-crystalline Materials written by Yoshio Waseda and published by McGraw-Hill Science, Engineering & Mathematics. This book was released on 1980 with total page 358 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Author : Ann Newman
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 111890138X
Total Pages : 504 pages
Book Rating : 4.80/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Pharmaceutical Amorphous Solid Dispersions written by Ann Newman and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-02-27 with total page 504 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Providing a roadmap from early to late stages of drug development,this book overviews amorphous solid dispersion technology – aleading platform to deliver poorly water soluble drugs, a majorhurdle in today’s pharmaceutical industry. • Helps readers understand amorphous solid dispersionsand apply techniques to particular pharmaceutical systems • Covers physical and chemical properties, screening,scale-up, formulation, drug product manufacture, intellectualproperty, and regulatory considerations • Has an appendix with structure and propertyinformation for polymers commonly used in drug development and withmarketed drugs developed using the amorphous sold dispersionapproach • Addresses global regulatory issues including USAregulations, ICH guidelines, and patent concerns around theworld

Author : Richard Catlow
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9401119422
Total Pages : 511 pages
Book Rating : 4.29/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Defects and Disorder in Crystalline and Amorphous Solids written by Richard Catlow and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 511 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The study of defects and disorder in solids remains a central topic in solid state science. Developments in the field continue to be promoted by new experimental and theoretical techniques, while further impetus for the study of disorder in solids is provided by the growing range of applications of solid state materials in which disorder at the atomic level plays a crucial rOle. In this book we attempt to present a survey of fundamental and applied aspects of the field. We consider the basic aspects of defective crystalline and amorphous solids. We discuss recent studies of structural, electronic, transport, thermodynamic and spectroscopic properties of such materials. Experimental and theoretical methodologies are reviewed, and detailed consideration is given to materials such as fast ion conductors and amorphous semiconductors that are of importance in an applied context. Any survey of this large field is necessarily selective. We have chosen to emphasise insulating (especially oxidic) and semi-conducting materials. But many of the approaches and techniques we describe apply generally across the entire field of solid state science. This volume is based on a NATO ASI held at the Residencia Santa Teresa de Jesus, Madrid in September 1991. The Editor is grateful to the NATO Scientific Affairs Division for their sponsorship of this School. Thanks are also due to all who participated in and lectured at the school, but especially to the organising committee of A. V. Chadwick, G. N. Greaves, M. Grigorkiewicz, J. H. Harding and S. Kalbitzer. C. R. A.

Author : David Adler
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1489922601
Total Pages : 448 pages
Book Rating : 4.01/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Physical Properties of Amorphous Materials written by David Adler and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Institute for Amorphous Studies was founded in 1982 as the international center for the investigation of amorphous mate rials. It has since played an important role in promoting the und er standing of disordered matter in general. An Institute lecture series on "Fundamentals of Amorphous Materials and Devices" was held during 1982-83 with distinguished speakers from universities and industry. These events were free and open to the public ,and were attended by many representatives of the scientific community. The lectures themselves were highly successful inasmuch as they provided not only formal instruction but also an opportunity for vigorous and stimulating debate. That last element could not be captured within the pages of a book I but the lectures concentrated on the latest advances in the field I which is why their essential contents are he re reproduced in collective form. Together they constitute an interdisciplinary status report of the field. The speakers brought many different viewpoints and a variety of back ground experiences io bear on the problems involved I but though language and conventions vary I the essential unity of the concerns is very clear I as indeed are the ultimate benefits of the many-sided approach.